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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Intervals
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meaure distance between two notes
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Harmonic Interval
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two pitches sounded simultaneoulsy. In measure two notes on top of each other.
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Melodic Interval
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two pitches sounded in succession. In measure notes right after each other.
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Interval quality
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Perfect -P
Major -M minor -m Augmented -A or + diminished -d or ° |
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Perfect Interval
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P1=0 half steps
P4=5 half steps P5=7 half steps p8=12 half steps |
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Major intervals
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M2=2 half steps
M3=4 half steps M6=9 half steps M7=11 half steps |
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minor intervals
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1 less hs than a Major
m2=1 half steps m3=3 half steps m6=8 half steps m7=10 half steps |
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simple intervals
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are one octave or smaller in size
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compound intervals
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intervals larger than an octave
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Related keys
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major and minor scales with that have the same key signature. They are said to be in a relative relationship
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minor key (number of sharps)
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a- 0
e- 1 b- 2 f sharp- 3 c sharp- 4 g sharp- 5 d sharp- 6 a sharp- 7 |
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minor key (number of flats)
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a- 0
d- 1 g- 2 c- 3 f- 4 b flat- 5 e flat- 6 a flat- 7 |
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Minor scales
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natural minor
harmonic minor melodic minor |
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Natural minor
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5 whole steps, 2 half steps
WhWWhWW -to convert natural minor into harmonic minor, raise the seventh note by a hs -to convert natural minor ti melodic minor, raise 6th & 7th notes by hs |
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Harmonic minor
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harmonic minor borrows the leading tone of the parallel major scale (half step below the tonic) to replace its own subtonic.
WhWWhWh |
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Melodic minor
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ascending: WhWWWWh
desending: WWhWWhW |
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Pentatonic scale
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is a scale with 5 tones per octave.
4th and 7th degrees are taken out |
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Major& minor pentatonic
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Five note scale and contains no half steps
4th and 7th notes are removed |
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Blues scale
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cotains 7 notes.
W+hWhhW+hW |
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Traids (Chord)
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a chord of three musical notes
root 3rd 5th |
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Major triads
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Is built with a M3 & P5 from the root
root-M3-P5 |
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minor triads
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root, m3, P5
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Augmented triad
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root, M3, Augemented 5th
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diminished triad
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root, m3, diminished 5th
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Scale degrees for triad
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tonic triad, supertonic triad, mediant triad, subdominant triad, dominant triad, submedisnt triad, leading tone triad, tonic triad
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Inversions of triads
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root position: root, 3rd, 5th
1st inversion: 3rd, 5th, root 2nd inversion, 5th, root, 3rd |
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labeling inversions
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!!
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Roman numeral analysis
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I, ii, iii, IV, V, vi, vii, I
captitalized letters are Major lower case is minor |
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Seventh chords
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the combination of a triad and the interval of a seventh.
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Dominant seventh chords
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major triad (M3, P5) and a minor seventh (9hs)
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Inversion of seventh chords
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!!
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Augmented intervals
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one more hs than a Perfect interval
A4: 6hs Major intervals can be augmented by adding a hs A6: 10hs |
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diminished interval
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one less hs than a Perfect
d5: 6 hs minor intervals can be diminished by subtraction 1 hs d7: 9hs |
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Interval inversion
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to move the lowest note in a group an octave higher.
C-G: P5 IVERSION: G-C: P4 Perfect<-->Perfect minor<-->Major fourth<-->fifth third<-->sixth seventh<-->seconds diminished<-->augmented |
