Music Terms

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Sounds limited by only two things:

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~ The medium through which they travel

~ The apparatus that generates them

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Gain

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How much a circuit amplifies a signal

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Algorithm

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Consists of output, input and stop commands

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Common Reverb Types:

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Spring, Room, Plate

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Speed of Sound

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340.29mp/s

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M.I.D.I

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Musical Instrument Digital Inference

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Reverb

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Acoustic ambience created by multiple reflections in a confined space. In recording, it can be artificially created to simulate rooms and naturally occurring echo.

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"Q"

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The bandwidth of the frequency to be modified with an equaliser. The frequency is at the centre of this bandwidth.

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Digital convergence

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The process by which separate media become digital and are delivered via a global network

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Fader

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Another name for an audio level control. Today, the term refers to a straight-line slide control rather than a rotary control.

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Transducer:

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~ A device that changes one form of energy to another

~ 2 common studio types: Microphone & Speaker

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Sine Wave:

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~ Referred to as a pure tone

~ No harmonic overtones

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Mixing Definitions:

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~ The process of balancing relative volumes, frequencies and dynamic content of a number of sound sources

~ The art of adjusting volume, pan positions and effects applications of a songs tracks until each sits in its own space on the sonic spectrum

~ To combine 2 or more audio signals into a common signal

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Audio Spectrum:

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~ Normal range of human hearing

~ 20Hz - 20Khz (20 hurtz - 20,000 hurtz)

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Unity Gain:

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~ 0db (zero decibels)

~ input and output through a control are equal

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2 common types of microphones:

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Dynamic; condenser

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A notes pitch describes...

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Its perceived frequency

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Frequency:

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~ Measured in Hertz (Hz)

~ 1Hz = 1 cycle per second

~ Higher frequency = higher pitch

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Mixing:

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The process of balancing the relative volume frequency and dynamic content of a number of sound sources. Mixing can be described as "the art of adjusting volume, pan positions and effects applications of a songs tracks until each sound is sitting in its own space on the sonic spectrum.

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The tonal colouring, or sound characteristic of an instrument:

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Timbre

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Why we should know frequency ranges of instrument's when mixing:

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~ to adjust their EQ

~ to keep them from clashing or reduce phase cancellation

~ to help give each instrument its own space on the mix

~ to accentuate good traits, de-emphasise bad ones

~ to create artificial sounds within a mix

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Additive Synthesis:

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~ Combining sine waves together to form new sounds

~ Used in synthesisers

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ADSR:

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~ Attack, decay, sustain, release

~ Used to control sounds in a synthesiser

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Envelope Generator

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Controls the ADSR in a synthesiser

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Propagation:

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The movement of sound through a medium (air, wood, water, gas etc.)

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Different types of waves:

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Sine, square, triangle, saw-tooth