Music S-10

Front 1

pitch

Back 1

highness or lowness of a note, indicated by a note's location on the staff

Front 2

rhythm

Back 2

the pattern in time made by a series of notes, indicated by the shape of the note

Front 3

scale

Back 3

set of pitches arranged in a pattern of small and large musical steps

Front 4

pitch class

Back 4

all of one note in different octaves. Ex. Gs, or Fs

Front 5

solmization

Back 5

do, re, mi, fa, so, la, ti, do

Front 6

movable do

Back 6

do is the first note of a major scale

Front 7

fixed do

Back 7

C is always do

Front 8

middle C

Back 8

the C that is between the G clef and F clef

Front 9

grand staff

Back 9

both treble and bass staves

Front 10

ledger line

Back 10

extension of the staff

Front 11

transposing

Back 11

starting a major scale on a note other than C

Front 12

sharp

Back 12

raise half a step

Front 13

flat

Back 13

lower half a step

Front 14

natural

Back 14

neither flat nor sharp

Front 15

enharmonic equivalents

Back 15

pitches that have different names but which are played on the same piano key

Front 16

diatonic half step

Back 16

in the major scale, change in letter name

Front 17

chromatic half step

Back 17

letter name stays the same

Front 18

metric accents

Back 18

note played on an accented beat is louder or longer than the others

Front 19

meter/time signature

Back 19

how many beats per whole note

Front 20

simple meter

Back 20

upper number: beats per measure
lower: which note value gets one beat

Front 21

Compound meter

Back 21

beat is represented by a dotted note

Front 22

asymmetrical meter

Back 22

beats per measure don't divide evenly by threes or twos

Front 23

harmony

Back 23

combining simultnaeous pitches

Front 24

chord

Back 24

3 or more different pitch classes

Front 25

interval

Back 25

2 pitch classes

Front 26

triad

Back 26

chord that combines 5th and 3rd interval, looks like 2 3rds stacked together

only possible group of 3 notes that are all different pitch classes and all consonant (major 3rd + minor 3rd = perfect 5th)

Front 27

major triad

Back 27

major third of the major + minor combo is lower

Front 28

minor triad

Back 28

minor third of the major/minor combo is lower

Front 29

root

Back 29

the note a triad is built off of

middle & upper notes called third and fifth

Front 30

diminished triad

Back 30

has 2 minor 3rds (BDF), is dissoant

Front 31

augmented triad

Back 31

2 major 3rds, form an augmented 5th
sounds like a minor 6th, but technically dissonant

Front 32

dissonance

Back 32

musical instability

Front 33

primary triads

Back 33

I, IV, V or tonic, subdominant, and dominant

only 3 chords natural to the major scale that are major

note: on a minor scale this is flipped and minor dominant is raised a half step

Front 34

secondary triads

Back 34

the non-major triads, ii, iii, vi, vii^o

note: on a minor scale, this is flipped

Front 35

root position

Back 35

when a the root is the lowest note of a triad

Front 36

first inversion

Back 36

when the triad's 3rd is in the lowest position

Front 37

second inversion

Back 37

when the fifth is the lowest

Front 38

figured bass/thoroughbass

Back 38

writing the lowest note of a chord and putting a number below to indicate the required harmony

-5/3 or root position is assumed if no number

Front 39

voicing

Back 39

includes repeating pitches, changing the order of upper notes, transposing octaves

Front 40

doubling (voicing)

Back 40

makes a 4-part piece to sing. Usually the root is repeated (and the third almost never)

Front 41

close position

Back 41

upper notes as close together as possible

Front 42

open position

Back 42

notes of a chord are spread out

Front 43

arpeggio

Back 43

chord notes played successively in ascending or descending order