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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1300-1420 AD is what time period?
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Ars Nova
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What does Ars Nova mean?
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New Art
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Who was Phillipe de Vitry?
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Bishop of Meaux 1300-1320
Poet/musician and theoritician Composer of new-style of motets |
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What is Simony?
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Where you can buy your way into office
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What did the pope encourage during the Ars Nova?
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Simony
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What is the time when the church was corrupted by money, power, and the 3 popes ruling at the same time called?
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The Avignon Papacy
or Babylonian Captivity or Great Schism |
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What is the outcome of the Avingon Papacy?
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Greater secularism and humanism. This also leads to Vernacular literature (Chaucer, Dante, Bocaccio). Back to Greek Ideals (Aristotle and Plato)
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What are the 4 big events that happened during the Ars Nova?
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1. Avingon Papacy
2. Black Death (c. 1350 AD) 3. Hundred Years War 4. Rapproachment between Christianity and Islam |
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What is the Rapproachment between Christianity and Islam?
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Due to Marco Polo and Trade, Ancient Greek Sciences and arts come to the West
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Name the City States of Italy
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Rome (Papacy)
Venice Florence (Medici family, Banking) Milan Naples |
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What is Humanism?
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Scientific thought, God takes a back seat. If you understand the world, you understand God.
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What is Empirical Thought
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(AKA Aristotelian Thought) The process of measuring the world around you.
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What are some musical characteristics of the Ars Antiqua?
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Perfectium and mostly the music was for church
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What is Perfectium?
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The division of the beat into 3's, representing the trinity and fits for the romance language.
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What are some musical characteristics of the Ars Nova?
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-Imperfectium
-Breve could be divided into 4's, 3's, or 2's -More Secular music was written -New organizational structures |
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What is imperfectium?
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Division of the beat into 2's
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Who coined the term "Ars Nova"?
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Phillipe de Vitry
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What were the motets Phillipe de Vitry mostly based of off?
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Roman de Fauvel (Donkey). A satire on the politics of France
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What are the musical characteristics of the motets based on Roman de Fauvel?
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-Isorhythm
-Imperfectium |
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What does Isorhythm mean?
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Same or repeated rhythm. Voices will have a series of repetitions of melody and rhythm.
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What is the repeated rhythm in an Isorhythmic motet called?
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Talea
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What is the repeated melody in an Isorhythmic motet called?
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Color
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What does Musica Ficta mean?
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The use of accidentals, such as sharps, flats, or naturals. Used to avoid dissonance. At first, these weren't written down but were added by the performer.
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Who was King John of Bohemia?
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Warrior King that sided with the French. He was blind, but demanded to be at the front lines.
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Who was Gullame de Machaut?
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Musician/Composer at several chapels and churches. Ambassador to two separate kings. Kings of France and Bohemia. Administrator at several churches, which is called a canon. Also, a poet.
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What mind of music did Gullame de Machaut write?
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-Motets
-Form Fixes -Messe de Notre Dame |
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What are Form Fixes?
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Poems set to music.
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What are Messe de Notre Dame?
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1st complete polyphonic setting of a mass and unifies all ordinary to a similar melody.
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What does cadence mean?
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A resting place in music
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What are the Musical Characteristics of Machaut?
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-Uses double leading tone Cadence
-Hocetus -More dissonance -Use of Musica Ficta -Use of imperfectium |
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What is the Italian Trecento?
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Italian Ars Nova of the 1300's
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What are some of the Composers of Italian Trancento?
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-Jacopo Da Bologna
-Franccesco Landini |
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What kind of music was written during the Italian Trecento?
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-Ballata (similar to ballade, based on poetic forms)
-Madrigal (Based on poetic forms) -Caccia All 3 are polyphonic, secular, and 2-4 voices |
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What are 2 writers used in Italian music
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1. Dante- The divine comedy
2. Baccaccio- The Decomeron |
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What does Caccia mean?
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"The hunt"
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What are the musical characteristics of a Caccia?
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-3 voices, 1 is tenor
-Upper Voices sing same melody but “chase” each other -Text means the hunt, literally and allegorically |
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What does Ars Subtiloir mean?
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Subtle Art
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What is the Ars Subtiloir?
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A continuation of the Ars Nova,1380’s France
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What is the importance of the Ars Subtiloir?
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Experimentation in music notation. Used colored notes in compositions which leads to modern notation.
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What is a Landini Cadence?
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A double leading tone cadence with top voice adding an escape tone
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