Music Ind

Front 1

Univac

Back 1

First commercially-available computer

Front 2

Integrated Circuit

Back 2

IC – wafer of silicon photographically “etched” into transistors, resistors, and capacitors

Front 3

Transistor

Back 3

Bill Shockley and others at AT&T’s Bell Labs explore semiconductors to replace vacuum tubes
 1948 – Bell Labs announces “the transistor”
Little noticed
Bell would later license technology to Texas Instruments

Front 4

transfer rate

Back 4

time to move data to CPU

Front 5

fragmentation

Back 5

data stored in non-contiguous sectors

Front 6

partition

Back 6

dividing a hard disk so the computer thinks there’s more than one

Front 7

Moore's Law

Back 7

Postulated in 1965 by Gordon Moore, co-founder of Intel
“The number of transistors on one integrated circuit will double every eighteen months

Front 8

Motherboard

Back 8

Main PC (printed circuit) board
 Sockets for CPU and other processors
 Video processors, disk controllers
 Data busses between components
 Primary bus shuttles data between RAM memory and CPU
 Secondary busses connect to video, disk drives, slots
 Some subassemblies on daughter cards
 Built-in modems

Front 9

Daughterboard

Back 9

PC cards that perform specific functions

Front 10

4004

Back 10

A complete general
purpose computer
 Two large chips in
center each contain
6,000 transistors
 These control four
chips below

Front 11

Color wARS

Back 11

rca WINS

Front 12

Sudo

Back 12

spiritual advertising: Early 90s.
• Still today: Break through the clutter

Front 13

tv limitated

Back 13

• Need to appeal to audiences to show lowest common denominator shows

Front 14

: Which speaker does the Dialog come from?

Back 14

front and center

Front 15

Dubbing stage

Back 15

where we mix movie and sound, picture…where the movie is mixed

Front 16

Which of the following communication methods established a model for others in terms of business, operation, competition, and how they ran?

Back 16

• Radio
• Two main difference betweens telegraph and radio:
o Radio established one-to-many radio
o Advertising as a method of paying for it

Front 17

music concrete

Back 17

created from found sounds

Front 18

BIOS

Back 18

Basic Input/Output System)
o Tells computer “You are not a toaster”
 Permanent stuff

Front 19

virtual memory

Back 19

• When computer uses part of hard disk for temporary storage to extend actual RAM in the computer (when we use RAM as part of hard disk)

Front 20

RAID

Back 20

group of hard disks that are latched together to make them faster and or redundant. Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks

Front 21

MAC

Back 21

media access control
o Unique serial number embedded on every network device in the world
o RIAA goes after you this way
o Ethernet is most widely used localized protocol

Front 22

cookie

Back 22

 Tracks what websites you go to. File that stores your preferences and perhaps track what websites you’ve been looking at.

Front 23

80211

Back 23

wireless

Front 24

switch

Back 24

zip code

Front 25

router

Back 25

post office

Front 26

MP3

Back 26

 Cuz that’s how our ears work
 Masking occurs more predominately within a critical band
 Lossy

critical bands

Front 27

web 2.0

Back 27

separates format from content!!!
• Anyone can publish their own stuff, post pictures, etc

Front 28

adaptive music

Back 28

Video game music that changes based on player’s action

Front 29

normal bushnell

Back 29

Atari.....PONG and Computer spaceship

Front 30

localization

Back 30

Process of rerecording dialogue in other languages is

Front 31

bob metcalf

Back 31

created eathernet

Front 32

ARPNET

Back 32

fist packet switching networki
Packet switching is the breaking down of
data into datagrams or packets that are
labeled to indicate the origin and the
destination of the information and the
forwarding of these packets from one
computer to another computer until the
information arrives at its final destination
computer. This is crucial to the realization of a
computer network. If packets are lost at any
given point, the message can be resent by
the originator.

Front 33

who created arpnet?

Back 33

Rand and Baran

Front 34

initial arpanet included?

Back 34

UCLA
 Stanford
 UCSB
 Univ. of Utah

Front 35

ethernet

Back 35

is a LAN technology that
employs a “shared bus” topology and a
“collision detection” access

Front 36

shared bus

Back 36

all devices are connected to a
single long wire
 Originally used coax, and wire is “the ethe

Front 37

bus and star?

Back 37

is usually coax cable, star is usually
twisted pair or fiber

Front 38

ISDN

Back 38

uses copper phone wires, up to
128 kbps

Front 39

cyrus field

Back 39

laid the first Transatlantic cable connecting Ireland (and Europe) with Newfoundland (and the U.S.)

Front 40

Guglielmo Marconi

Back 40

Marconi receives first transatlantic
(2100 mi) wireless signal “S”

Front 41

Lee Deforest

Back 41

“invents” Audion or triode tube by adding a third element – the “grid” – but does not understand how it operates

Front 42

radio act of 1912

Back 42

• Requires all seafaring vessels to maintain 24-hour radio watch and keep in contact with nearby ships and coastal radio stations

titanic sank

Front 43

deforest audion

Back 43

 1906 – First Triode Vacuum Tube
 DeForest can’t explain its operation
 Amplification of weak signals
 Capable of oscillation – pure tones or waves
 Enabled Continuous Waves (CW) modulation of voice and music
 Made Marconi’s
technology obsolete
 Not capable of linear
amplification (needed
total vacuum)

Front 44

howard armstrong

Back 44

Regeneration Patent
 Regeneration provided:
 Amplification
 Allowed loudspeaker use
 Family and group listening
 Greater clarity
 Greater sensitivity for “DX”
 Simple, easy to use
 Patent licensed to Marconi

Front 45

david sarnoff

Back 45

Radio Music Box” memo
 Visionary outline of the future of radio broadcasting
 American Marconi Co. shelves idea with war on horizon and promise of increased business

Front 46

LOSSY

Back 46

DATA THROWN AWAY

DTS

DOLBY

Front 47

LOSSLESS

Back 47

NO DATA GONE

DVD

Front 48

FLAC

Back 48

FREE LOOSELESS AUDIO CONTROLLER

Front 49

MPEG

Back 49

MOVING PIC EXPERT GROUP

Front 50

MPEG1

Back 50

Part 1 – combining multiple video
and audio data streams into one
stream for storage and transmission
Part 2 – method of compressing video
for transmission at 1.5Mbps
Uses temporal redundancy – video
frame is divided into blocks, successive
frames are analyzed for redundancy…
blocks that don’t change are discarded
Part 3 – How to compress audio
 Part 4 – Specififies how to design tests
that determine compliance with parts
1 – 3
 Part 5 – Technically not a standard, a
report showing the full software
implementation of parts 1 – 3

Front 51

MPEG 2

Back 51

Standard for digital television
 Specs for both audio and video
Video spec includes provisions for
higher resolution video
Audio spec is backwards-compatible
multichannel extension to MPEG-1
 Both build on techniques and
technology of MPEG-1

Front 52

MPEG4

Back 52

Version 1 approved October 1998
 Version 2 approved December 1999
 Part 3 (audio) includes new DSP
algorithms
 Parametric Audio Coding
 Fine Granularity Scaling
Adaptive Audio Coding (AAC)

Front 53

ACSII

Back 53

AMERICAN STANDARD CODE FOR INTERFORMATION INTERCHANGE

Front 54

SMTP

Back 54

SIMPLE MAIL TRANSFER PROTOCAL

Front 55

DHCP

Back 55

DYNAMIC HOST CONTROL PROTOCOL

Front 56

DNS

Back 56

DOMAIN NAME SERVER

Front 57

WHO CREATED THE FIRST PONG

Back 57

RALPH BAER

Front 58

WHAT WAS THE FIRST HOME CONSOL FOR VIDEO GAMES

Back 58

MAGNAVOX

Front 59

truncation

Back 59

the term for limiting the number of digits right of the decimal point

Front 60

Ogg Voorbis

Back 60

compatible with less devices, like mp3

Front 61

perceptual encoding

Back 61

The method MPEG chose to use for encoding audio

Front 62

masking

Back 62

masking reduces or eliminates awareness of pre-existing sounds in a given area and can make a work environment more comfortable:  Masking occurs more predominately within a critical band MP3

Front 63

uncompressed

Back 63

AIF and WAV

Front 64

FEEDREADER

Back 64

reads rss feeds
 iTunes is a feedreeder for PodCasts.
 Don’t have to go get it once you subscribe

Front 65

Innovations that were introduced by INC

Back 65

FACTORY SYSTEM AND PRODUCER

Front 66

DOLBY CHANNELS

Back 66

Dolby stereo (2), dolby digital (5.1 channels), dolby digital ex(6.1), SBDS (8 channels)

Front 67

NTSC

Back 67

 NTSC—National Television Standard Committee

 AMERICAN standard
 Europe 25 frames per second
 US 29.9 frames per second

Front 68

WHAT KIND OF TV CAME FIRST?

Back 68

MECHANICAL

Front 69

FEEDREADER

Back 69

reads rss feeds
 iTunes is a feedreeder for PodCasts.
 Don’t have to go get it once you subscribe

Front 70

Innovations that were introduced by INC

Back 70

FACTORY SYSTEM AND PRODUCER

Front 71

DOLBY CHANNELS

Back 71

Dolby stereo (2), dolby digital (5.1 channels), dolby digital ex(6.1), SBDS (8 channels)

Front 72

NTSC

Back 72

 NTSC—National Television Standard Committee

 AMERICAN standard
 Europe 25 frames per second
 US 29.9 frames per second

Front 73

WHAT KIND OF TV CAME FIRST?

Back 73

MECHANICAL

Front 74

Advertising agencies

Back 74

controlled early radio stuff, shows, programming. “Agency Model.” Early TV worked like that too.

Front 75

CBS

Back 75

Paley is responsible

Front 76

First radio broadcast channel

Back 76

NBC

Front 77

ACT IN 1927

Back 77

Established Federal Radio Commission (nOW FCC)
o Resolved interference problems
 So many stations that they were interfering with eachother
o “Radio waves are owned by a public”
 Still true today

Front 78

• Affiliate stations subscribed to network feed, by what means was the feed from NBC transferred to the affiliates?

Back 78

o OVER TELEPHONE LINES