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107 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What genre is "All the Ends of the Earth"? Who is the composer?
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Gregorian Chant, Anonymous
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Who was a famous woman composer in the Middle Ages? What is a famous song of hers?
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Hildegard, "O Greenest Branch"
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Which two composers are associated with Notre Dame of Paris?
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Leoninus + Perotinus
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What new genre are Leoninus + Perotinus responsible for?
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Organum
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What is organum
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-early church polyphony-melismatic
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What does melismatic mean?
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more than one note to a syllable
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What composer is associated with Notre Dame of Reims?
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Machaut
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What was Machaut associated with writing music for? What is one of his famous compositions?
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Mass, "Mass of Our Lady"
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What are they two parts of the Mass?
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Proper and Ordinary
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What group wrote vernacular music?
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the Troubadours/ Minnesinger
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What genre of music did the Troubadours create?
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Chanson
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What is the Chanson?
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- french love song-polyphony-2-4 voices
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What are the seven liberal arts?
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GrammarMusicArithmeticAstronomLogicRhetoricGeometry
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Which composer is associated with the Court of Burgandy?
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Du Fay
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What was Du Fays job? What is a famous song and genre of Du Fay?
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-worked for both church and court composing polyphony for money-Chanson "This Month of May"
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What is patronage?
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when the church pays a composer to write
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What are three main instruments of the Medieval Period?
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sackbut, shawm, cornetto
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What was a major mindset of the Renaissance?
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Humanism
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What was Humanism?
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-self-worth shapes society-comes down to the individual, free will
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Where did most of the Renaissance take place?
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Rome, with church
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Where did most of the musical Renaissance take place?
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England
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Who is the composer associated with Motets?
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Deprez
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What is a Motet?
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-polyphonyimitative- voices with same motive-sacred but sung at home-latin-acappella
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What is a famous work of Deprez?
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"Ave Maria"
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What was the Reformation?
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-Martin Luther outlines 95 problems with Roman Catholic Church
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What were three problems with RCC?
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1-clergy having sex with children2-indulgences-paying $ to heal sins3-abuses of power
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Where did the Counterreformation take place?
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Council of Trent
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What was the Counterreformation?
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-30 years of church cleaning up music so people will return-too much imitative polyphony-voices...
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Who was a famous composer during the Counterreformation?
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Palestrina
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What kind of music did Palestrina compose?
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clear polyphonic music
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What famous song did Palestrina compose? And what was unique about it?
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"Sanctus"point of imitation
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What is the point of imitation?
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when a new motive is assigned to each line of text
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What is the Madrigal?
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-secular-polyphonic-4-5 voices-vernacular- italy
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What is word painting/madrigalism
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describing text w. music
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What two countries are associated with Madrigals?
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Italy and England
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What British composer is associated with Madrigals?
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Weelkes
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What did Weelkes introduce and what is a famous piece by him?
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chords, "As Vesta Was From Latmos Hill decending
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What was the doctrine of affection?
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different musical moods could influence emotions
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What is Monody?
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solo singing
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What is the Basso Continuo?
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-continuing bass-chords
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What three things happen with the Basso Continuo?
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1- Bass line: developed, distinct unit and shape2-homophony, chords w. singers3-small group...
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What is Opera?
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includes recitative and aria
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What is the recitative?
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-action/more speaking
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What is the Aria?
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-sings about the action
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What composer is associated with the Italian Opera?
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Monteverdi
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What influenced Monteverdi?
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Humanism
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What is a famous work of Monteverdi and what was it about?
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"Orfeo"divine powers of music
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What was the main Genre of Theatre music in the Baroque period?
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Opera
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What is chamber music?
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music for soloists performed in small place or home
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What was the main genre of Chamber Music in the Baroque period?
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Chamber Cantata
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What is the Chamber Cantata?
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-accompanied solo singing
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What women composer was associated with the Basso continuo and soloists?
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Strozzi
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What major work did Strozzi compose?
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"I want to die"
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What British composer created a famous Opera?
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Purcell
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What Opera is Purcell famous for?
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Dido and Aeneas
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When is the first time instrumental music surpasses importance of vocal music?
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Mid 17th century
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What originate to make instrumental music so important? Where?
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Orchestra and SymphonyFrance
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What is idiomatic writing?
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noticing strengths and weaknesses of various voices and instruments
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What is an orchestra?
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core of strings, add woodwinds and brass
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What palace did King Louis the 14th create and why?
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Versailles, to represent power and wealth
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What s absolutism?
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the kings has the power to rule because of DIVINE RIGHT
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What composer worked for King Louis the 14th?
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Lully
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How did Lully die?
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stabbed foot
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What was Lully known for?
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instrumental music, overture
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What is an Overture?
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orchestral piece leads to larger composition
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What is the French Overture?
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two sections, sometimes ABAA- slow dupleB- fast, triple, imitation
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What major work did Lully compose?
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"Overture to Arminde"
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What is a Sonata?
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instrumental chamber music
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What is a chamber Sonata?
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Baroque sonata with dance movements
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Solo Sonata
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1-2 peopleone player accompanied
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What is the Trio Sonata? Where was it made popular?
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-3 parts plus harpichord-Italy
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Which composer made Sonatas popular?
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Corelli
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What major work did Corelli compose?
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"Trio Sonata in C Major- Opus 4"
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What is unique about the prelude to "Trio Sonata in C Major- Opus 4"?
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walking bass- moves moderate speed, equal note values up or down scale
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What is the Concerto?
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-dialogue between the soloist and orchestra
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What form is the Concerto always in?
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RITORNELLO
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What is the ritornello?
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repeating of the motive
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What is a solo concerto?
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one soloist confronts orchestra
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What is a concerto gross?
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group of soloists confront orchestra
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concertino
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soloists
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Tutti
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Full orchestra
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Movements of Concerto
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symmetrical1-fast, serious2-slow lyrical3-fast- dancelike
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What composer made concertos popular
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Vivaldi
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Where did Vivaldi work?
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Hospice of Mercy, care and education of young women
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What did Vivaldi write for the girls in the Hospice of Mercy?
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"Violin Concerto in E Major 1st movement"-solo concertos- Opus 8
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What were the first 4 of his pieces called?
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"The Seasons"
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What was special about "The Seasons"
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-each piece had a feeling/emotion of each of the four seasons
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What is the Melodic Sequence?
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-repetition of a motive at a higher or lower degree of the scale
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Who were two composers of the Late Baroque Period?
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Bach and Handel
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Where was Bach from?
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Germany
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What three towns did Bach work in?
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Weimar, Coethen, Leipzig
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What did Bach do in Weimar?
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organ music
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What new genre did Bach create in Weimar?
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Fugue
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What was a major work did Bach compose in Weimar
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"Organ Fugue in G Minor"
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What did Bach do in Coethen?
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Worked in court writing concertos
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What famous piece did Bach compose in Coethen?
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"Brandoenburg Concertos"
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What were the "Brandoenburg Concertos"?
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six pieces that demonstrate his ability to write challenging music for all insruments-ritornello...
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What did Bach do in Leipzig?
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worked at choir school, wrote service music for each sunday
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What new genre did Bach influence in Leipzig?
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Church Cantata
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What is the Church Contata?
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for church services
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What is the set up of the church service?
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prelude, hymn, reading1, psalm, reading 2, hymn, gospel, 60MIN CANTATA ABOUT GOSPEL
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What is a famous church cantata Bach composed?
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"Awake, a voice is calling"
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Where was Handel Born? Where is Handel famous for his music?
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Germany, England
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What did Handel do in England
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worked for king of england, paid to write music
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What genre of music is Handel most famous for?
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oratorio
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What is Oratorio?
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-played in Hall, big concert-not for church-is sacred-opera without being staged
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What is a major Oratorio composed by Handel?
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"Messiah"
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