Music Appreciation Exam 1

Front 1

pitch

Back 1

highness or lowness of sound

Front 2

dynamic level

Back 2

loudness or softness of sound

Front 3

frequency

Back 3

rate of vibration

Front 4

register

Back 4

a particular range of pitches

Front 5

tone

Back 5

a specific pitch

Front 6

sharp

Back 6

one half-step higher

Front 7

flat

Back 7

one half-step lower

Front 8

staff

Back 8

five lines and four spaces on which music is notated

Front 9

T/F treble and base clefs are the only clefs

Back 9

FALSE: other lower clefs are used for foreign instruments. Bass and treble clefs are the most familiar to Westerners

Front 10

intervals

Back 10

distances between two tones

Front 11

relationship of frequencies between two octaves

Back 11

2:1- one octave is vibrating twice as the other

Front 12

Acoustics

Back 12

the science of sound; the way buildings are built to house music and affect the way listeners perceive the sound

Front 13

composers began indicating loudness and softness in their music , WHEN?

Back 13

in the 17th century

Front 14

Dynamic levels are indicated in WHAT LANGUAGE?

Back 14

Italian

Front 15

changes in dynamic level happen in what two ways?

Back 15

1. play or sing louder or softer
2. take away or add people or instruments

Front 16

elements of music

Back 16

the earliest and most basic building materials for music

Front 17

rhythm

Back 17

the arrangement of time in music

Front 18

beat

Back 18

the basic, rhythmic pulse of the music

Front 19

accents

Back 19

strong beats

Front 20

accents are implied in three ways:

Back 20

1. stress
2. duration
3. position

Front 21

tempo

Back 21

the speed of music

Front 22

THE MARKS used to notate cessation (stopping) in music

Back 22

rests

Front 23

meter

Back 23

the metrical pattern in which rhythm is organized

Front 24

measures are also called

Back 24

bars

Front 25

duple

Back 25

two beats per measure

Front 26

triple

Back 26

three beats per measure

Front 27

quadruple

Back 27

four beats per measure

Front 28

The conductor has ultimate control over a performance T/F

Back 28

TRUE

Front 29

downbeat- WHAT and WHY

Back 29

the first beat of the measure; the conductor brings his hand DOWN

Front 30

upbeat- WHAT and WHY

Back 30

the last beat of a measure; the conductor brings his arm UP

Front 31

melody

Back 31

meaningful selection of pitches

Front 32

phrase

Back 32

section of a melody, comparable to a section of a sentence

Front 33

cadence

Back 33

stopping point

Front 34

sequence

Back 34

melodic phrase repeated at different levels of pitch

Front 35

tune

Back 35

melody that is easy to recognize, memorize, and sing

Front 36

theme

Back 36

melody that recurs throughout a piece

Front 37

motive or motivic melody

Back 37

short melodic phrase that may be completely developed

Front 38

lyrical melody

Back 38

relatively long, songlike melody

Front 39

scale

Back 39

ascending or descending pattern of half-steps, whole steps, or both

Front 40

major scale pattern

Back 40

WW H WWW H

Front 41

minor scale pattern

Back 41

W H WW H WW

Front 42

tonic

Back 42

first and most important note of the major or minor scale, to which all other notes in the scale are subordinate

Front 43

key

Back 43

the major or minor scale on which a composition is based

Front 44

chromatic scale

Back 44

12 consecutive half-steps in the range of an octave

Front 45

whole tone scale

Back 45

6 consecutive whole steps within the range of an octave

Front 46

pentatonic scale

Back 46

Five-note scale

Front 47

harmony

Back 47

simultaneous sounding of two or more different tones

Front 48

chord

Back 48

meaningful combination of three or more tones

Front 49

triad

Back 49

chord with three tones, consisting of two superimposed thirds

Front 50

tonality, tonal system

Back 50

system of harmony, based on the major and minor scales, that has dominated Western music since the seventeenth century

Front 51

dominant (V)

Back 51

5th note of the major or minor scale

Front 52

subdominant

Back 52

fourth note of the major or minor scale

Front 53

dissonance

Back 53

active, unsettled sound

Front 54

consonance

Back 54

passive sound that seems to be at rest

Front 55

texture

Back 55

manner in which melodic lines are used in music

Front 56

monophonic texture, monophony

Back 56

one unaccompanied melodic line

Front 57

polyphonic texture, polyphony

Back 57

combination of two or more simultaneous melodic lines

Front 58

round

Back 58

melody that may be performed by two or more voices entering at different times, producing meaningful harmony

Front 59

homophonic texture, homophony

Back 59

melodic line accompanied by chordal harmony

Front 60

The triad chord is most common in _____ music

Back 60

western

Front 61

Gregorin chant is WHAT type of texture

Back 61

monophonic

Front 62

timbre

Back 62

the color or a voice or instrument

Front 63

soprano

Back 63

high, female singing voice

Front 64

mezzo-soprano

Back 64

medium-range female singing voice

Front 65

alto(contralto)

Back 65

low female singing voice

Front 66

tenor

Back 66

high male voice

Front 67

baritone

Back 67

medium range male singing voice

Front 68

bass

Back 68

low male voice

Front 69

orchestra

Back 69

mixed ensemble of string, wind, and percussion instruments

Front 70

symphony orchestra

Back 70

an instrumental ensemble consisting of members from four families, dominated by strings

Front 71

string instruments

Back 71

may be bowed, plucked, strummed, or struck. VIOLIN, VIOLA, CELLO, STRING BASS (or double bass), and HARP

Front 72

pizzicato

Back 72

the technique of plucking stringed instruments

Front 73

woodwinds

Back 73

Piccolo, flute oboe, english horn, clarinet, bassoon, sax

Front 74

brass

Back 74

trumpet, trombone, horn (French), and tuba

Front 75

percussion

Back 75

all instruments played by shaking, rubbing, or striking the instrument itself

Front 76

keyboard

Back 76

instruments on which the sound is produced by pressing keys

Front 77

stops

Back 77

levers, buttons, etc., that allow an organist to change settings at will

Front 78

electronic synthesizer

Back 78

sound generator capable of producing and/or altering infinite varieties of sounds

Front 79

MIDI

Back 79

System allowing composers to manage mass quantities of info