Music And The Media Exam 2

Front 1

why was the telegraph significant and was it revolutionary or evolutionary

Back 1

it eliminated the issue of distance relative to time (instantaneous) and was peer to peer communication. revolutionary

Front 2

telephone was what and why

Back 2

revolutionary in the transmission of voice, evolutionary in the amount of information over time

Front 3

phonograph was what and why

Back 3

revolutionary because it was produced the first permanent sound recordings

Front 4

ramifications of the phonograph (12 of em)

Back 4

0. time and distance no longer related 1. Loss of sound quality 2. Loss of local musician 3. Greater variety of music available 4. Better musicianship 5. Rise of the star musicians 6. Changes in instrumentation 7. Shortened musical forms (3mins) 8. Fixed in time 9. Performances could be studies and copied 10. Listening became controllable 11. Became a secondary activity 12. Rise of music becoming ubiquitous (Everywhere)
• Becomes taken for granted

Front 5

radio was what and why

Back 5

began with few stations communicating with one another, shows developed. soon aspect of live music gave record companies a scare. revolutionary in creating mass communication

Front 6

how radio influenced television with it's format

Back 6

rise of the commercial, rise of the networks, had news, talk shows, variety, music, drama

Front 7

democratization & dissemination of information

Back 7

began with guttenberg printing press, information became cheap, accessible, available quickly

Front 8

television was what and why

Back 8

revolutionary and evolutionary because it was similar to radio but was picture

Front 9

tape was what and why

Back 9

revolutionary in it allowed longer recordings, multitrack editing, higher quality of sound

Front 10

continuous play format

Back 10

Format adapted by DJs to play all one genre/style, took on a personality to distinguish themselves from other competing DJs, depended on demographics

Front 11

demographics (and communication)

Back 11

The statistical study of characteristics of groups of people. Used to appeal to certain manufacturers for advertisements. Exploited portability (Radio could be in cars, televisions not so much)

Front 12

Gatekeeper

Back 12

Person or organization that decides what is produced, someone who controls the flow of information

Front 13

censorship

Back 13

examination for suppressing unacceptable parts

Front 14

portability

Back 14

consumer determines when and where to listen and to what. (taking a form of communicative technology with you, in the car, tape players, stores). exposure increased, superstar arrived, locals died

Front 15

guttenberg printing press

Back 15

costs dropped due to increased efficiency and production, revolutionary process. political power of the few became disseminated to the many

Front 16

capturing sound intro:

Back 16

1. hard determinism: the idea that tools, machines, inventions have unavoidable, irresistible consequences for users and society in general
2. the relationship between tech. and user: determines impact of recording
3. the way users respond to recording: shaped by personal, aesthetic, economic, cultural factors

Front 17

capturing sound chapter 1 (7)

Back 17

1. tangibility: rise of music as a commodity
2. portability
3. invisibility: artist separated from art (anonymous)
4. repeatability: prior to recording, consumption ended at end of performance (since was live) now it can be forever
5. temporality: length of work determined by the media's capacity (2 or 3 choruses per jazz solo)
6. Recordability: instrumentation adapted to how well they were recorded
7. Recording arts: rise of the engineer as a compositional aid. process of sound, editing and splicing to perfection

Front 18

capturing sound 2 (5)

Back 18

1. classical music as a powerful culture and musical force
2. portability: geographical size of US was bad for traveling peeps
3. repeatability: separated good from bad music
4. phonograph entered home: social aspects-women were entertainers, men listened in private to be unquestioned
5. phonographs became less popular with rise of talkies and radio

Front 19

capturing sound 3 (1)

Back 19

jazz: shorter recordings, fewer solos and choruses, musicianship increased (for study of recordings), instrumentation of course due to recordability

Front 20

capturing sound 5

Back 20

grammaphonmusik: used tech for composition, very brie life. r.i.p.