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81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Golden Gate Gospel Quartet
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Golden Gate Gospel Train (Gospel Quartet)
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Bessie Smith
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Empty Bed Blues (Classic Blues)
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Mahalia Jackson
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Move on up a little higher (Gospel)
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Jimmie Rogers
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Waiting for a train (Hillbilly)
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Chuck Berry
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Roll over Beethoven (Black Rock and Roll)
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Hank Williams
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Your Cheatin Heart (Honky Tonk)
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Louie Jordan
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Choo-Choo-Ch-Boogie (Jump Blues)
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The Chords
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Sh-Boom (Doo-wop)
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King Oliver's Creole Jazz Band
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Dippermouth Blues (New Orleans Jazz)
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Ray Charles
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What'd I say (Gospel RB)
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John Lee Hooker
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Boogie Chillin (Electric/Chicago Blues)
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Carl Perkins
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Blue Suede Shoes (Rockabilly)
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The Drifters
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Save the Last Dance for Me (Brill Building Sound)
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Two to eight pitch rhythmically interesting melodic idea
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Riff
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A rapid exhange, usually of riffs, between two different timbres (solo voice/guitar, solo voice/choir, saxophones/trumpets)
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Call and Response
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A nickname for a section of East 28 street in NYC where many music publishers had their offices. Also, the styles of the songs created in the first half of the century for these publishers. (Irving Berlin, George Gershwin)
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Tin Pan Alley
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Used since the mid-forties to describe African American popular styles, especially those influenced by blues and/or dance music
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Rhythm and Blues
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Process of recording each part of a performance separately then mixing them into a complete performance. The Beatles, along with their producer George Martin were the first to take full advantage of this technology
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Multitrack recording
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A variable microtonal lowering of the third, seventh, and sometimes fifth degrees of the major scale
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Blues note
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Chords, and study of chords progression
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Harmony
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Each part has an independent rhythm (common in African music)
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Polyrhythm
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Vocal percussion in jazz
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Scat singing
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A verse/chorus form in which the chorus is highlighted as the goal of each large section. It has been a popular formal approach in the rock era. Ex: My girl (Temptations)
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End-weighted form
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Hint of Latin
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Latin Tinge
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Instruments stop suddenly and vocals keep going
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Stop Time
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A rhythm that divides the beat into three equal parts. Triplets commonly used in slow doo-wop and soul songs
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Triplets
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A quavering vocal effect
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Vibrato
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A term used to identify a song or artist associated with one popularity chart (rhythm and blues) who attains popularity on another chart. Ex: Elvis in his early career placed songs on pop, rb, and country charts
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Crossover
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An accent that comes between the beats of a regular rhythm rather than with them. Accents of a melody displaced from normal metrical pattern
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Syncopation
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Underlying rhythmic pulse that is common in particular styles
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Style beat
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A catchy melodic idea in a rock-era song. It usually comes in the chorus, where it can be repeated frequently
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Hook
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Bass line supports the chords that make up the harmony
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12 bar blues
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AABA; first second and fourth sections are identical and third is different. Most widely used song form between 1920-1955
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Pop song form
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Characteristic rhythm of Afro-Cuban music
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Clave Rhythm
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Singing usually by a group without instrumental accompaniment
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A capella
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Vocal percussion
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Singing voices mimicking percussion instruments
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A brand of electric organ invented in the thirties. It became a fixture in African American gospel music, and has been used occasionally as a jazz and rock keyboard instrument
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Hammond Organ
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Several pitches sung to a single syllable. In popular music, it has been most widely used by African-American musicians, especially blues and gospel influenced artists
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Melisma
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How many different parts are operating at the same time.
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Texture
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Accents occur on beats 2 and 4
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Back beat
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Piano style from St. Louis, polyrhythmm left hand establishes a steady beat and the right hand plays complex syncopated melody.
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Ragtime
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Novelty blues, combo of jazz, country blues, pop music. Double entendre (one usually sexual, has two meanings) Tampa Red and Georgia Tom
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Hokum Blues
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Piano blues styl, shuffle rhythm est. in left hand, riffs in right hand build up blues inflected melody, eight beat rhythm
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Boogie Woogie
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Hybrid of cowboy music, dance, jazz, and blues. Has a strong dance beat with a heavy two-beat style accent on the back beat. Has a jazz instrumental ensemble including the drums. Bob Willis
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Western Swing
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Fusion of hillbilly and western. Emerges in years after WWII. Primarily played in beer joints. In response to loud environments electric and acoustic guitars are used. Ernest Tubb, Hank Williams
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Honky Tonk
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Recording engineer
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Sam Phillips
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Major influence on Urban/ElectricBlues
Hoochie Coochie Man |
Muddy Waters
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Popular dj
Presented most racially diverse shows Advocate of rhythm and blues Attached rock and roll name to muscial style "Moondog's Rock and Roll Party" |
Alan Freed
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Born into family of country musicians
Influence of harmony in rock and roll (vocal harmony in thirds) Rock instrumentation and piano High tenor range (Blues/Gospel) Catchy melodic lines New Rock beat based rock "Wake up Little Susie" "Bye Bye Love" |
Everly Brothers
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Nicknamed empress of the blues
Classic Blues "Back Water Blues" "Empty Bed Blues" Somber lyrics w/ lots of emotion |
Bessie Smith
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Solid Background in Rhythm and Blue
Played RB versions of West. Swing "Maybelline" "Roll over Beethoven" "Johnny B. Goode" Gave rock and roll its style (beat and assertive guitar) Lyrics were popular with teens Double note guitar Black Rock N' Roll |
Chuck Berry
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One of first rock and roll singers to be influenced by rock and roll
Played in west. swing band and was backup band for Bill Haley Modeled vocal style after Elvis Electric guitar w unusual vocal techniques (Rockabilly style) Influenced by Chuck Berry |
Buddy Holly
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Bridge between rock and rock and roll, gave rock its basic instrumentation, new forms and harmonies, and its main way of creating future out of the past
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Buddy Holly
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Boogie Woogies, New Orleans, RB style
Rockabilly style but lots of commonalities with Little Richard "Great Balls of Fire" White man singing about lust--liberation for rock and roll "Breathless" "Whole Lotta Shakin Goin' On" |
Jerry Lee Lewis
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Brought folk music into 20th century
"This Land is Your Land" |
Woody Guthrie
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"Move On Up a Little Higher"
Gospel, Blues Shouter Blues inflected voice |
Mahalia Jackson
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Doo Wop
"Have Mercy Baby" Jump Band Rhythm and Blues |
Dominoes
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Hillbilly
"Waiting on a Train" Blues, jazz, and pop influences Sparse chordial accompaniment |
Jimmie Rodgers
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Family of African-American folk blues styles that flourished in Rural South
Differs from commercial blues because accompanied with acoustic guitar Generally has less regular form Male singers |
Country Blues
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Fifties style, performed mainly by white Southerners that combined elements of country music with rock and roll
Buddy Holly, Bill Haley, Elvis Presley, Chad Perkins |
Rockabilly
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Producer who used an interchangeable cast of singers and musicians to give his groups a unique sound.
Ultimate example of a producer-as-artist |
Phil Spector
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"Wildwood Flower"
Thumb brush style Preserved country heritage Mountain country Nasally voice Strophic form: all verse |
Carter Family
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Country Blues
"King of Delta Blues" Sophisticated guitar style Extensive use of slide guitar Major influence on lead guitar styles in rock "Come on in my Kitchen" |
Robert Johnson
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Arguably most important musical influence in New Orleans RB
Combined Afro-Cuban and rhythm and blues "Longhairs Blues Rumba" |
Professor Longhair
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"Hoochie Coochie Man" "I Gotta Right to Sing the Blues"
Dominant figure in jazz before WWII Helped move popular music closer to rock values |
Louis Armstrong
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Father of rhythm and blues
"Choo Choo Ch-Boogie" Responsible for putting rhythm in RB Jump Blues |
Louis Jordan
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Gospel Influenced RB
"I gotta woman" "What'd I say" Mapped out new direction in gospel/rhythm and blues synthesis Country recordings opened new expressive possiblities to a new generation of country performers |
Ray Charles
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First and loudest of rock and rollers
Brought substance as well as style to rock and roll Boogie Woogie Beat Blues shouter with gospel style "Lucille" "Good Golly Ms. Molly" "Tutti Frutti" |
Little Richard
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"Save the Last Dance for Me"
Brill Building Sound Black vocal groups who sang new style pop songs written by young white songwriters |
The Drifters
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Father of gospel music who began his career as blues pianist Georgia Tom
"It's Tight Like That" Hokum Blues |
Thomas A. Dorsey
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Honky Tonk style
"Your Cheatin Heart" |
Hank Williams Sr.
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Afro-Cuban Music in New Orleans
One of a kind music Use of maracas |
Bo Diddley
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Gospel Quartet who sang without instrumental accompaniment
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Golden Gate Gospel Quartet
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Fast Heavy Tripletss are signature
Influenced by Professor Longhair and Latin Boogie Woogie Heavy triplets helped link shuffle rhythm of fourties rhythm and blues to new beat of rock and roll |
Fats Domino
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Most responsible for western swing
"Steel Guitar Rag" |
Bob Wills
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Rhythm and Blues style of the fifties, typically featuring vocal groups singing pop standards
Platters, Penguins, Cadillacs, Drifters, Chords, Ray Charles |
Doo Wop
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Family of religious music styles, white/black gospel music. Black gospel has more influence on popular music. Influenced popular music, especially rhythm and blues
Thomas Dorsey, Golden Gate Gospel Quartet, Mahalia Jackson, Bailey Jackson |
Gospel
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Post WWII blues style characterized by use of a full rhythm section including electric blues. Most popular form of contemporary blues, aka Urban Blues.
Muddy Waters, John Lee Hooker |
Electric Blues
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Style of jazz performance based on the early bands that performed in and around New Orleans.
Collective improvasation and quick tempos Frontline usually includes trumpet, clarinet, and trombone Also banjo tuba and sometimes piano |
New Orleans Jazz
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Light hearted teen pop hits
Drifters, Shirelles Eight beat rhythm |
Brill Building Sound
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Music created by cubans of african descent
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Afro Cuban
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