Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Who was Bix Beiderbecke? What were his three periods? What did he want to be remembered as?
|
•1st great white jazz player – clarinet and piano
•Wanted to be remembered as a composer •“In a Mist”-From Iowa Three periods of his brief career: 1) Wolverines with Hoagy Carmichael (a group at Indiana University) 2) Frankie Trumbauer (Tram) 3) Paul Whiteman (Very commercial) |
|
|
What were the pieces of Duke Ellington that we studied? What are two identifying characteristics, or important facts about each one? What was his first band? Where was his first important engagement? What did the critics call the music? Why? Because of whom?
|
-First band was “Washingtonians”
-First important engagement -"Cotton Club" (Harlem) (1927-1931) -Critics referred to it as Jungle sound due to Bubber Miley’s plunger work and growls -Thunder mute |
|
|
What does the golden section (or golden mean) have to do with proportion in music? How do composers use this? Who discovered it?
|
.618 proportion
|
|
|
Who played with Benny Goodman in his quartet? Why was this group important? Musically? Sociologically?
|
oBegan in 1935 as a trio
oFirst racially mixed band |
|
|
List some differences between Louis Armstrong and Bix Beiderbecke.
|
Bix Beiderbeck
1) used the cornet 2) Used wider intervals 3) More introspective |
|
|
List three reasons why Thelonious Monk is important. Name one of his pieces that we studied.
|
An unorthodox composer, his work seriously challenged improvisers.
•Able to sound as if he “Bends” notes. •His music transcends a stylistic category. •Melodic, germ development. •Had well focused compositions with a minimum amount of material. Each of his pieces has different qualities. •Used rhythm extensively. Straight, No Chaser |
|
|
Robert Johnson
|
-died of poisoning
-Eric Clapton’s Idol -“Hell Hound on My Trail” -Phrases are measured -Nasal vocal quality |
|
|
Slam Stewart
|
played bass and “I got Rhythm”
-played solo w/bow (song octave high) |
|
|
Dizzy Gillespie
|
First & most important bop trumpeter
|
|
|
Dave Bruceck
|
-mixed meters
-cross rhythm -Introduced Afro-Cuban music in jazz |
|
|
MJQ
|
no horn players; dignified and quite
|
|
|
Art Tatum
|
-Piano
-change harmony -Well known for Reharmonization • Willow Weep for Me and Too Marvelous for Words |
|
|
Chet Baker
|
trumpet
|
|
|
Gerry Mulligan
|
horizontally
|
|
|
Lester Young
|
- saxophone
-west coast of cool jazz -One of the most influential saxophonists. - Influenced by F. Trumbauer. -Played with a light, airy sound -Listening – Lester Leaps In |
|
|
Count Basie
|
played piano
Born Red Bank, NJ, 1904 Stranded in Kansas City, 1927, played in silent movie theatres. Took over and reorganized Bennie Moten’s band in 1935. Style went from stride to very sparse. |
|
|
Coleman Hawkins
|
tenor sax
|
|
|
Sidney Bechet
|
- clarinet
-Part of the Dixieland Revival -Bechet’s unique sound which includes 1) Vibrato & 2) “Open throated” aspect |
|
|
Charlie Christian
|
played guitar and Breakfast Fued
|
|
|
Benny Goodman
|
popularized swing
-As a soloist, he defined jazz clarinet as no other, before or since. |
|
|
Django Reinhardt
|
- lost two fingers in a fire
- Belgian gypsy guitarist - Unamplified guitar |
|
|
Milt Jackson
|
vibraphone
|
|
|
Charlie Parker
|
May be the most important musical figures in the history of jazz
-densely packed solos - played fast, and played a lot of notes - chromatically embellished tones |
|
|
Cootie Williams
|
trumpet
|
|
|
mixed meters
|
cross rhythm
|
|
|
congo square
|
A place where slaves were permitted to dance. Now called Louis Armstrong Park.
|
|
|
No horn players
|
- Modern Jazz Quartet
|
|
|
reharmonization
|
keeping melody intact
|
|
|
Quintette de Hot Club du France
|
Djano Reinhardt band
|
|
|
minstrel show
|
Placed white performers in black makeup, where they mimicked, ridiculed, & made fun of the music, dance and culture of the slave population. Example – Stephen Foster.
|
|
|
counterpoint
|
note against note
|
|
|
Brass vs. Reeds
|
Instrumentation:
5 saxophones, 3-4 trumpets, 3-4 trombones, piano, bass, guitar, and drums. |
|
|
nonet
|
9 players
|
|
|
supermetric
|
big beat on top of small beat
|
|
|
riff tune
|
used as melody for some tunes
|
|
|
from entertainers to artists
|
entertainment - something that amuses, pleases, or diverts.
-artists - the conscious production of human creativity; sounds, colors, forms, movements, or other elements found in a manner that affects the senses. |
|
|
bend notes
|
done by Thelonius Monk
|
|
|
the pain of racism
|
Louis Armstrong smoked pot as an insulator for the pain of racism
|
|
|
Little Rock AR
|
Background information: 1954 - Compulsory segregation in public schools is ruled unconstitutional. 1957 - A Federal court ordered Central High School in Little Rock AR to integrate. Governor Orval E. Faubus sent the National Guard to block the integration. After much hand wringing, President Eisenhower placed National Guard under federal control, and sent in US Army troops to allow integration to proceed. Armstrong canceled a state department tour and became an outspoken critic of the President over reluctance to send in troops to Arkansas. Therefore, the FBI file. So much for being an "Uncle Tom"
|
|
|
Cotton Club
|
1920 night club in Harlem (Duke Ellington)
|
|
|
first white jazz musician
|
Bix Beiderbecke
|
|
|
walking bass
|
A bass line or quarter notes on the pulse, that just "walks along." They can be stepwise or scalar.
|
|
|
Fibonacci series
|
- golden section- .618
- 61% |
|
|
ragtime
|
Usually thought of as a piano genre. It has an even division of the beat, and comes from the military march form. AABBACCDD
|
|
|
alternate takes
|
more than one version
|
