Music 306 Test 3

Front 1

one of the most important of all musical experiences

Back 1

singing

Front 2

what begins the activity of singing

Back 2

the brain

Front 3

four basic classifications of voices

Back 3

soprano, alto, tenor, and bass

Front 4

when singing the human voice moves through different positions of the vocal range known as

Back 4

registers

Front 5

two registers that the human voice has

Back 5

head and the chest

Front 6

lighter vocal register is governed by a set of throat muscles that control the vocal mechanism for upper register singing

Back 6

head register

Front 7

heavier vocal register is governed by a different set of throat muscles that control lower register singing

Back 7

chest register

Front 8

what is the most comfortable singing range of children's voices during primary years

Back 8

tessitura

Front 9

which register should be used for children's voices because of the high flute like quality

Back 9

head register

Front 10

what are physical characteristics of good singing

Back 10

posture, breathing, articulation

Front 11

the sing only on one pitch much lower than the rest of the class

Back 11

speech drone

Front 12

takes place when a teacher speaks, sings, or moves and students imitate

Back 12

rote learning

Front 13

two types of methods for teaching using rote learning

Back 13

whole song and part or phrase method

Front 14

used to teach a song that is longer and more complex and that cannot be easily learned after just one or two hearings

Back 14

part or phrase method

Front 15

implies that students have a working knowledge of staff notation and interval relationships which will enable them to sing or play a melody without anyone's assistance

Back 15

learning music by note

Front 16

intervals can be related to the position of do and clef sign

Back 16

moveable do clef

Front 17

child's voice range

Back 17

low c to high f

Front 18

the speed of the basic underlying beat of a composition ranging from very slow to very fast

Back 18

tempo

Front 19

designates a gradual slowing down in pace

Back 19

ritardando

Front 20

indicates a gradual increase in speed

Back 20

accelerando

Front 21

the degree of volume in a musical composition and range from very soft to very loud

Back 21

dynamics

Front 22

designates a gradual increase in volume and symboled <

Back 22

crescendo

Front 23

designates a gradual decrease in volume and symboled >

Back 23

decrescendo

Front 24

denotes a smooth, connected progression from one note to the next

Back 24

legato

Front 25

denotes a quick release of a sound

Back 25

staccato

Front 26

a curved line connecting two or more notes on different lines or spaces

Back 26

slur

Front 27

how should a slur be played

Back 27

with one single breath

Front 28

indicates that the note should be help longer than it normal duration

Back 28

fermata

Front 29

consists of four major families of instruments: strings, brass, woodwinds, and percussion

Back 29

symphony orchestra

Front 30

includes four basic instruments: violen, viola, cello, and double bass

Back 30

string family

Front 31

the soprano of the string family

Back 31

violin

Front 32

consists of four major instruments: the trumpet, french horn, trombone, and tuba

Back 32

brass family

Front 33

the lowest pitched instrument in the brass family

Back 33

tuba

Front 34

one of the most diversified of the four instrumental groups because it contains seven major members: piccolo, flute, clarinet, oboe, english horn, bassoon, and contrabassoon

Back 34

woodwind family

Front 35

lowest sounding instrument in the orchestra

Back 35

contrabassoon

Front 36

classroom instruments can be divided into two groups

Back 36

rhythm instruments and melody instruments

Front 37

are two conical bells metal bells, each having a different ptich

Back 37

agogo bells

Front 38

two small, connected drums are usually played by placing them between the knees with the largest drum to the right

Back 38

bongo drums

Front 39

consists of metal beads encircling a large wooden spool

Back 39

cabasa

Front 40

two semihollow disks of wood attached to a stick by a cord

Back 40

castanets

Front 41

two wooden cylinders containing hollowed spaces that provides resonating chambers

Back 41

claves

Front 42

a long cylinderical drum that is open at the bottom

Back 42

conga drum

Front 43

a metal instrument that is struck with a mallet or a metal bar

Back 43

cowbell

Front 44

metal disks that are struck together by vertical movement

Back 44

cymbals

Front 45

small, two inch metal plates that are attached to the thumb and a finger of one hand

Back 45

finger cymbals

Front 46

a disk-shaped metal instruments is struck with a soft-head mallet

Back 46

gong

Front 47

a hollow gourd with horizontal grooves cut across its surface

Back 47

guiro

Front 48

a cylindrical drum head

Back 48

hand drum

Front 49

instruments that have one or more pairs of metal disks loosely attached to a handle

Back 49

jingle clogs

Front 50

gourds that contain dried seeds

Back 50

maracas

Front 51

a miniature machine like instrument that produces an extremely raspy, grinding sound

Back 51

ratchet

Front 52

long narrow cylindrical pieces of wood that are hit together to produce sound

Back 52

rhythm sticks

Front 53

blocks of wood covered with sandpaper, ranging from fine to coarse texture

Back 53

sand blocks

Front 54

a paddle like instrument made of two pieces of wood hinged together to make one piece flexible

Back 54

slapstick

Front 55

bells that are attached to a handle or a piece of material

Back 55

sleigh bells

Front 56

round rim of wood with several pairs of metal disks attached to it

Back 56

tambourine

Front 57

hollowed gourds of varying sizes that are attached to a frame

Back 57

temple blocks

Front 58

triagular piece of metal suspended from a cord

Back 58

triangle

Front 59

an instrument that vibrates when slapped by the hand or hit against the body

Back 59

vibra slap

Front 60

tubular pieces of metal of different lengths are attached to bar

Back 60

wind chimes

Front 61

a semihollow, rectangular shaped piece of wood

Back 61

wood block

Front 62

individual metal bars tuned to each tone of the chromatic scale

Back 62

resonator bells

Front 63

what are the three major tones

Back 63

bass, tone, and slap

Front 64

the lowest and most resonant of the djembe sounds

Back 64

bass

Front 65

results when a melody is accompanied with a pitched instrument, such as an Orff instrument, an autoharp, a guitar or dulcimer, or the piano

Back 65

harmony

Front 66

different melodies that can be sung together

Back 66

partner songs

Front 67

repeated pattern, usually consisting of two pitches the first and fifth tones of the scale

Back 67

bordun

Front 68

simultaneous sounding of three or more different pitches,

Back 68

chord

Front 69

a chord containing three notes including a root, a third, and a fifth

Back 69

triad

Front 70

most important chords because they determine in what key a song is written

Back 70

primary chords

Front 71

used to add color and interest to a song

Back 71

secondary chords

Front 72

which chords make up the primary chords

Back 72

I, Iv, and V

Front 73

what is the I primary chord also called

Back 73

tonic

Front 74

what is the primary IV chord also called

Back 74

subdominant

Front 75

what is the primary V chord also called

Back 75

dominant

Front 76

chord containing four pitches

Back 76

seventh chord

Front 77

what is the symbol of the dominant seventh chord

Back 77

C7

Front 78

form represents 12 bars or measures of music in4/4 time that is set to a specific harmonic pattern

Back 78

blue scale

Front 79

what are the four instrument families

Back 79

brass, string, percussion, wood wind

Front 80

which instruments make up the string family

Back 80

violin, violia, cello, double bass, harp

Front 81

which instruments make up the wood wind family

Back 81

piccalo, flute, basson, oboe, clarinet,saxophone

Front 82

which instruments make up the percussion instruments

Back 82

kettle drums, snare drums, bass drums, hand cymbals, traingle, marimba, paino

Front 83

which instruments make up the brass family

Back 83

trumpet, french horn, tuba, trombone

Front 84

can be organized as having definite or indefinite pitch

Back 84

percussion family

Front 85

refers to its structure or design, to the way its expressive relationships are combined to provide both unity and variety within the music

Back 85

form

Front 86

a musical line that contains a coherent grouping of pitches that are usually two to eight measures long, but more often four measures in length

Back 86

phrase

Front 87

compositions are divided into two sections, the second being different from the first

Back 87

binary

Front 88

compositions are divided into three sections, ABA

Back 88

ternary

Front 89

musical composition where the original theme always returns after each contrasting theme and symboled ABACABA

Back 89

rondo

Front 90

compositions is sometimes repeated again and again, but it alters in different ways for each succeeding repetition

Back 90

theme and variation

Front 91

may have any number of A's depending on the number of stanzas in the poem

Back 91

strophic

Front 92

a passage that occurs before the major sections of a form

Back 92

introduction

Front 93

a passage added to the last major section of a form

Back 93

coda

Front 94

passage added to the interior of a composition

Back 94

interlude

Front 95

space or distance between two things

Back 95

interval

Front 96

music that contains of a single, unaccompanied, melodic line

Back 96

monophonic texture

Front 97

occurs when two or more independent melodic lines sound simultaneously causing harmony to result between the horizontal lines

Back 97

polyphonic texture

Front 98

counter melody, or second melody that is sung higher than the original melody

Back 98

descant

Front 99

the texture consists of succession of chords that support a melody

Back 99

homophonic texture

Front 100

what is a 8th interval also called

Back 100

octave

Front 101

guidlines for musical phrases

Back 101

1. often 4 measures
2. consistent in length
3. sometimes begin the same
4. frequently each one will end with a rest or held note

Front 102

what are the song forms

Back 102

strophic, binary, ternary, theme and variation, rondo, thru composed,immitative polyphonic, monophic, homophonic

Front 103

no chorus and no second verse

Back 103

thru composed

Front 104

what is the difference between theme and texture

Back 104

theme is what the song is about and texture is how you put it together

Front 105

came up with the guidonian hand

Back 105

guido

Front 106

used monophonic texture

Back 106

ancient times

Front 107

you are getting all four parts of the voice and composer palestrina is found during this time period

Back 107

reniassance

Front 108

instrumental music develops that are powered by steam or air and composers Bach and Handel were in this era

Back 108

Baroque

Front 109

opposite of music found in the baroque period and mozart and haydn were the two big composers during this period

Back 109

classic

Front 110

nationalism develops and big composers during this time period were tchaikousky, chopin, brahms, franz schubert, and strauss

Back 110

romantic period

Front 111

composer that is found in both the classic and romantic period

Back 111

bethoven

Front 112

musical and radio were invented, full development of instruments and composers were frenchmen debuce, copeland, and george gushwin

Back 112

modern period

Front 113

important for everybody but especially for teachers who use their voices constantly

Back 113

vocal health

Front 114

distinctive qualities that distinguish it from other sounds

Back 114

timbre or tone color

Front 115

the order of the era of history

Back 115

ancient, medieval, renaissance, baroque, classic, romantic, modern