Music 219; Chapter 11

Front 1

riffs

Back 1

short, recurring patterns (ostinatos) that are repeated over and over, often with variations, and layered one atop the other. Important feature of arrangements in mambo, salsa, and other Latin dance music styles.

Front 2

timbales

Back 2

Latin "drum set" featuring two or more relatively high-pitched metal-sided drums (the timbales), plus cowbells, woodblock, cymbals, and sometimes additional drums and other percussion instruments.

Front 3

salsa

Back 3

major form of latin dance music that emerged in NYC in the 1970s. Strongly rooted in Cuban son.

Front 4

rhythm section

Back 4

the pianist, bassist, and percussionists in Latin dance band

Front 5

horn section

Back 5

the trumpet, trombone, and saxophone players in Latin dance band.

Front 6

cha cha cha

Back 6

A Cuban dance music genere characterized by relatively simple dance rhythms and singing.

Front 7

Latino/American

Back 7

The slash between the words implies "and/or" in the widest sense; that is, it points to the fluidity and multiplicity of Latino and American identities, musiculturally and otherwise.

Front 8

Latin Dance (generic)

Back 8

all dance music traditions of Latin America; more specifically in this text, refers to a particular lineage of dance music traditions rooted in Cuban forms

Front 9

Latin Dance (Cuban tradition)

Back 9

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Front 10

Latin rock

Back 10

hybrid of latin dance music styles (rumba, cha cha cha, mambo, etc.) and rock music. Term is most closely identified with the music of Santana.

Front 11

rumba

Back 11

Traditional Afro-Cuban secular dance music featuring singing and music played on conga drums and other instruments.

Front 12

danzon

Back 12

Creolized Cuban dance-music genre that essentially became the national dance of Cuba in the 1920s; important forerunner of the danzon-mambo and cha cha cha. Closely identified with the charanga ensemble.

Front 13

danzon-mambo

Back 13

More Afro-Cubanized version of the earlier danzon; created and popularized by Arcano y sus Maravillas.

Front 14

mambo

Back 14

Highly Afro-Cubanized form of Latin dance music that was crystallized by Perez Prado but it is identified with 1950s NY Latin big bands.

Front 15

Newyorican

Back 15

New York resident of Puerto Rican descent.
Ex. Tito Puente

Front 16

Santeria

Back 16

Afro-Cuban religion based on traditional West African religious practices of the Yoruba people syncretized with Catholicism. Sacred ritual music employing the bata drums is central.

Front 17

bata

Back 17

sacred drums used in rituals of the Santeria religion.

Front 18

conga drums

Back 18

large, barrel shaped drums of Afro-Cuban origin and West African derivation. Usually played in sets of 3 drums, either by 3 players or one.

Front 19

clave (rhythm)

Back 19

fundamental rhythm of Latin dance music; comes in four different varieties; often played on claves; but even if it not played...its presence is implied.

Front 20

claves (the instrument)

Back 20

instrument consisting of a pair of thick, round sticks that are struck together.

Front 21

charanga

Back 21

"sweet sounding" Cuban ensemble associated with the danzon, danzon-mambo, early Cuban cha cha cha, and other dance music styles. Usually includes flute, violins, piano, bass, and percussion.

Front 22

son

Back 22

Afro-Cuban dance music style that gained popularity from the 1920s onward, influencing related styles such as danzon, danzon mambo, and mamboand prefiguring later developments like salsa and Latin jazz. Also historically important as a symbol of Cuban nationalism.

Front 23

big band mambo

Back 23

the highly syncretic mambo style of the 1950s identified with NY based band leaders such as Tito Puente, Machito, and Tito Rodriguez. Incorporated more Afro-Cuban and American jazz and popular music elements than did the earlier Cuban mambo style.

Front 24

bongo

Back 24

pair of small, single headed drums used in percussion sections of many types of Latin dance bands. Held between the knees with played with the fingers.

Front 25

mambo kings

Back 25

the leaders of top Latin dance bands of NY in the 1950s; who were responsible for the mambo craze. Tito Puente, Machito, Tito Rodriguez.

Front 26

Latin dance (as contemporary dance music genre)

Back 26

dance music genre that is a hybrid of diverse contemporary music styles- pop, rock, hip-hop, techno, and Latino pop- and mambo, cha cha cha, and Dominican merengue.