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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the four reasons for performing an examination?
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1. To determine the appropriateness of the referral
2. To determine if it meets one of the four practice patterns 3. To determine red flags 4. To develop a rapport with the patient |
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What are the three parts of an examination?
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1. Systems review
2. Hx 3. Tests and measures |
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What is the difference between a sign and a symptom?
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-Sign: Something you can see
-Symptom: Something the patient tells you |
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According to Maitland, what percentage of patient information is determined through taking a thorough history?
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-80%
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What are the five components of a patient history?
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1. Demographics (age, gender, occupation)
2. Nature of symptoms 3. Behavior of symptoms 4. Onset 5. Special questions |
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What are the possible injury mechanisms for pain that causes a constant ache?
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-Inflammatory process
-Venous hypertension |
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What are the possible injury mechanisms for pain caused by movement?
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-Musculoskeletal
-Noxious mechanical stimulus (stretch, pressure, crush) |
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What are the possible injury mechanisms for pain that accumulates with activity?
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-Repeated mechanical
-Inflammatory (creep) -Degenerative disc (hysteresis decreased, less protection from repetitive loading) |
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What are the possible injury mechanisms for pain that increases with sustained postures?
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-Fatigue of supporting muscles
-Gradual creep of tissues may stress affected part of motor unit |
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-What are the possible injury mechanisms for latent nerve root pain?
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-Movement has produced an acute and temporary neurapraxia
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What structure might cause cramping, dull, aching pain?
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Muscle
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What structure might cause dull, aching pain?
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-Ligament
-Joint capsule |
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What structure might cause sharp, shooting pain?
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Nerve root
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What structure might cause sharp, bright, lightening-like pain?
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Nerve
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What structure might cause burning, pressure-like, stinging, aching pain?
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Sympathetic nerve
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What structure might cause deep, nagging, dull pain?
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Bone
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What structure might cause sharp, sever, intolerable pain?
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Bone fx
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What structure might cause throbbing, diffuse pain?
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Vasculature
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What does a red flag indicate? What the appropriate response to finding a red flag?
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-Problem is not musculoskeletal or is more serious
-Refer to appropriate practitioner |
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What does a yellow flag indicate?
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-Problem more severe
-More than one area involved |
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What are red flags that require medical consultation?
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-Severe unremitting pain
-Pain unaffected by medication or position -Severe night pain -Severe pain with no hx of injury -Severe spasm -Inability to urinate or hold urine -Elevated temperature (especially if prolonged) -Psychological overlay |
