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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ehlers Danlos Syndrome
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Defect in peptidyl lysine hydroxylase which is involved in the synth of type 3 collegen
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Osteogenesis imperfecta
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Genetic defect in Type 1 collagen
blue sclera |
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Alport Syndrome
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Hereditary Nephritis
Type 4 collagen Renal failure and deafness |
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Chrondocyte hormonal control
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Stimulated by thyroid hormone, testosterone, GH
Inhibited by cortisone and estradiol |
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Ryanodrine receptor vs Dihydropiridine receptor
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Dihydropiridine receptor is a voltage sensing Ca++ channel in the ttubule of striated muscle next to it plugging the SR is the ryanodrine Ca receptor.
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Heberdens nodes
Bouchard nodes |
Osteoarthritis
Heberdens nodes - DIP Bouchards - PIP |
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Osteitis fibrosa cystica
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Caused by hyperparathyroidism
brown tumor cystic spaces lined with osteoclasts filled with fibrous stroma and blood. High serum Ca low serums phos, and high alk phos |
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Osteopetrosis
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Marble bone disease
failure of nl bone resorption thickened dense bones. Abnl fx of osteoclasts Nl serum |
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Pagets disease
osteitis deformans |
incr osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity
Elevated Alkaline Phos |
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Polymyalgia Rheumatica
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Ass with Temporal arteritis
>50 elevated ESR, tx with prednisone |
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Polymyositis/dermatomyositis
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Incr CK, Incr Aldolase
Positive anti-Jo-1 |
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Mixed CT dz
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raynauds phenomenon
arthraligias, myalgias, fatigue, esophageal hypomotility, Abs - to U1RNP |
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Sjogrens
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parotid enlargement
incr risk of Bcell lymphoma Abs to ribonucleoprotein, SS-A (Ro) and SS-B (La) |
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SLE
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Anti DS DNA
Anti Smith ANA - sensitive but not specific Wire loop in kidney nephrotic |
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Celiac Sprue
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Ass with dermatitis herpetiforms
Jejunum 15% lead to malignancy- (Tcell lymphoma) |
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Sarcoid Associations
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Gammaglobinemia
Rheumatoid Arthritis ACE incr Interstial Fibrosis Noncaseating Granulomas epithelial granulomas with schaumann and asteroid bodies hypercalcemia due to incr conversion to Vit D in epithelioid histiocytes. |
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Diffuse Scleroderma vs CREST
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Diffuse - more severes - Scl-70
CREST - more confined to hands and face - antiCentromere abs |
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Psoriasis
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Incr stratum spinosum, decr straum granulosum
Epidermal hyperplasia -acanthosis Parakeratotic scaling -nuclei remain in stratum corneum |
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Auspitz Sign
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Psoriasis
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Most common primary malignant tumor of bone
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Osteosarcoma
10-20 yr men Metaphysis Ass - pagets, bone infarct, radiation, retinoblastoma |
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Ewing Sarcoma
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11:22 translocation
Onion skin appearance Anaplastic small blue cell malignant tumor. Boys <15 extremely aggressive, early mets diaphysis of long bones |
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Giant cell tumor of bone
(where does it go) |
likes epiphysis end of long bones.
locally aggressive - benign soap bubble appearance |
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Osteochondroma
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most common benign tumor of bone
men <25 yo long metaphysis |
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Enchondroma
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intramedullary bone.
benign cartilaginous neoplasm distal extremity |
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Temporal Arteritis
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medium and large art carotid often.
Granulomatous incr ESR |
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PAN
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necrotizing immune complex inflammation of med to small musc art. typically involving renal and visceral vessels
Lesions of different ages Hep B ass Aneurysms and constrictions |
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Wegners Granulomatosis
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triad of focal necrotizing vasculitis, necrotizing granulomas in lungs, necrotizing glomerulonephritis
C-ANCA |
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Microscopic Polyangiitis
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Wegners without granulomas
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Primary Pauci Immune Crescentic glomerulonephritis
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vasculitis limited to kidney
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Churg Strauss
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Granulomatous vasculititis with eosinophillia
lung, heart, skin, kids, nerves. Atopic pts |
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Henoch Schonlein purapura
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most common form of chidhood systemic vasculititis.
skin rash arthraligia intestinal hemorrhage abdominal pain, melena. |
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Gout
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Acute: colchicine depolymerize microtubules impairing chemotaxis and degranulation
Indomethacin less toxic Chronic: probenecid inhibits reabsorption of uric acid and inhibits secretion of penicillin |
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Etanercept
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TNF receptor that bind TNF alpha
Tx - RA, psoriasis, anklyosing spondylitis |
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Infliximab
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TNF-alpha abs
Crohns, RA, anklylosing spondylitis |
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alpha interferon
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hepatitis B and C
Kaposi Sarcoma Leukemia Malignant melanoma |
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beta interferon
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MS
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Gamma interferon
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Chronic granulomatous Dz
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Oprelvekin (Il-11)
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Thrombocytopenia
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Syringomeylia
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Cape like loss of P+T
Flaccid paralysis of the intrinsic muscles of the hand Damage to ventral white commisure and ventral gray horns. |
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Median Nerve is found btw what 2 muscles
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Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris Longus |
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Tibial nerve to foot goes btw what two muscles
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Tom Dick AN Harry
Tibialis posterior, Flexor digitorum Longus, Post Tibial Artery, TIBIAL NERVE, Flexor Hallucis Longus Tibialis posterior and flexor digitorum longus are flipped in calf. Digitorum is more medial. |
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Femoral Triangle
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Femoral artery comes out below the inguinal ligament, medial to the adductor longus, and lateral to sartorius
within the femoral sheath (femoral art/vein) you can get a femoral hernia in women. NAVEL |
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Rectus femoris origin and insertion
where do the rest of the quad muscles originate |
origin Anterior Superior Iliac spine
inserts on tibial tuberosity rest of the Vastus muscles originate on the shaft of the femur All 4 heads insert on tibial tuberosity |
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Where would thigh adductors and internal rotators originate
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On the pubic tubercle.
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Hip flexors
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insert on the lesser trochanter of the femur
Psoas and Ileacus |
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Critical Blood supply of femur head
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Medial Circumflex femoral
retinacular branches |
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Obturator Nerve what it does
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Adductors of leg
Adductor - brevis, longis, magnus Gracilis |
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Adductors of leg
origins and insertion |
orginate on pubic tubercle
insert on post femur |
