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34 Cards in this Set
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- 3rd side (hint)
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osteitis fibrosa cystica
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cystic bone spaces filled with brown fibrous tissue (bone pain ) from secondary PTH elevations from hypovitaminosis D (usually renal failure)
"subperiosteal thinning + cystic lesions" Mostly affects the cortical bone. |
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fracture of dislocation of humerus
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axillary n
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motor: arm abduction
sensory: over deltoid muscle |
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midshaft fracture of humerus
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radial n
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motor: BEST extensors
sensory: posterior arm, posterior 1st-3rd digit |
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supracondylar fracture of the humerus
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median n
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Sensory: 1st - 3rd digits anterior (palm-side)
Motor deficits: wrist flexion can't opposition of thumb "Ape hand" |
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compressed by carpal tunnel syndrome and by dislocated lunate (distal lesion)
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median n
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sensory: 1st - 3rd digits anterior (palm-side)
motor: "Median claw" 2nd and 3rd fingers are clawed (can't extend them) also can't really flex @ MCP |
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lesioned by trauma to heel of the hand; fracture of hook of hamate (distal lesion)
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ulnar n
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4th and 5th finger both sides
pope's blessing: loss of median lumbricals- extension of DIP, PIP on 4th and 5th |
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fracture of medial epicondyle of humerus (proximal lesion)
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ulnar n
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sensory: 4th and 5th finger both sides
medial finger flexion, wrist flexion (radial deviation of wrist upon flxion) |
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4 symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome:
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1. atrophy of thenar + hypothenar eminences (median + ulnar are affectected)
2. atrophy of interosseus muscles (ulnar n --> adduction and abduction of fingers) 3. sensory defect on medial side of forearm and hand 4. dissappearance of radial pulse upon moving the head toward the ipsilateral side |
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trauma to lateral aspect of leg at knee
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common peroneal n
cannot evert, dorsiflex - foot drop sensory = dorsal aspect of foot |
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posterior popliteal fossa trauma
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tibial n
cannot invert, plantarflex foot sensory = sole of foot |
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anterior hip dislocation
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obturator n
thigh adduction medial thigh sensory |
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pelvic fracture
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femoral n
thigh flexion and leg extension anterior thigh and medial leg |
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anti-Scl-70 antibody (anti-DNA topoisomerase I antibody)
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diffuse scleroderma
widespread deposition of fibrosis and collagen in skin and visceral (kidney, heart, lungs) |
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anticentromere antibody
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CREST syndrome
limited skin involvement - often confined to skin and face. more benign clinical course. |
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common peroneal a. wraps around what bone?
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common peroneal a. wraps around the lateral aspeect of the fibula
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symmetric proximal muscle weakness by CD8+ injury to myofibers
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polymyositis
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malar rash (similar to SLE)
heliotrope rash (shawl and face rash) gottron's papules - purple papules on knuckles increased risk of malignancy what would be the 4 lab findings |
elevated CK, aldolase, positive ANA, anti-Jo-1
*these would also be the findings for polymyositis (symmetric proximal muscle weakness by CD8+ injury to myofibers) |
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anti-dna topoisomerase I antibody
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diffuse scleroderma - widespread skin involvement, rapid progression, early visceral involvement (kidney, heart, lungs)
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anti-centromere antibody
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crest syndrome
calcinosis reynaud's esophageal dysmotility sclerodactyly telangiectasia *limited skin involvement , often confined to fingers and face more benign than diffuse scleroderma |
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rhomboid crystals that are weakly positively birefringent in knee
what color when parallel, perpendicular |
pseudogout - calcium pyrophosphate crystals
no treatment parallel = blue perpendicular = yellow |
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where is giant cell tumor located
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epiphysis of long b ones
-double bubble appearance on x-ray, spindle shaped cells with multinucleated giant cells |
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morphology of osteoid osteoma
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woven bone surrounded by osteoblasts
found in proximal tibia/femur (Knee) |
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mature bone with cartilaginous cap in men < 25 yrs
dx? where is it located? |
osteochondroma
found in metaphysis |
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benign cartilaginous neoplasm in INTRAMEDULLARY bone. usually in distal extremities
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endochondroma
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most common tumor- often has Codman's triangle or sunburst pattern from elevation of periosteum on x-ray
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osteosarcoma
poor prognosis found in metaphysis of long bone often in the knee |
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onion skin appearance in bone in DIAPHYSIS
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Ewing's sarcoma
eWINGS and onion RINGS 11;22 translocation |
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chondrosarcoma is located where?
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expansile glistening mass within the medullary cavity.
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3 parts of a bone
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diaphysis (middle), metaphysis, epiphysis
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antibodies in sjogrens syndrome
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SS-A (Ro) and SS-B (La) antibodies to ribonucleoprotein
1. dry eyes 2. dry mouth 3. arthritis *parotid enlargement --> possible risk of B-cell lymphoma Sicca syndrome has no arthritis but all that dryness. |
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gout has what birefringent? what color are crystals under parallel light?
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negative bifringement
yellow when parallel |
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3 things you see with infecrious arthritis caused by s. aureus, strep pneumoniae, gonorrhea
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1. synovitis (knee)
2. tenosynovitis (hand) 3. dermatitis (pustules) |
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triad in ankylosing spondylitis
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stiff spine from inflammation that causes fusion
uveitis AORTIC REGURG* |
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SLE test:
_____ is sensitive but not specific (screening) _____ very specific, poor prognosis _____ specific but not prognostic _____ drug induced lupus |
SLE test:
anti nuclear antibody = sensitive but not specific (screening) anti-dsDNA = very specific, poor prognosis anti-smith antibodies = specific but not prognostic antihistone antibodies = drug induced lupus |
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neuromuscular jxn disease with hyporeflexia and areflexia + autonomic symptoms (dry mouth, impotence)
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Lambert eaton syndrome
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