Musculo Anatomy

Front 1

True or false:

The axilla is a region of passage for vessels and nerves from the root of the neck into the upper limb

Back 1

True

Front 2

True or false:

The axillary nerve is the only motor and sensory nerve to the posterior side of the upper limb

Back 2

False

Front 3

True or false:

The axillary nerve passes posterior to the humerus and courses through the quadrangular space with the posterior circumflex humeral artery

Back 3

True

Front 4

What are the walls and boundaries of the axilla?

Back 4

Anterior wall: anterior axillary fold (pectoralis major muscle), pectoralis minor muscle, and clavipectoral fascia

Posterior wall: posterior axillary fold (teres major and latissimus dorsi muscles) and the subscapularis muscle that covers the anterior surface of the scapula

Medial wall:upper portion of the thoracic wall and the serratus anterior muscle, which overlies this wall

Lateral wall: intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

Front 5

True or false:

The vertebral column consists of 32 vertebra

Back 5

False: 33

Front 6

True or false:

The dorsal scapular nerve and vessels are found near the medial attachment of the two rhomboid muscles

Back 6

False: lateral attachment of the two rhomboid muscles

Front 7

True or false:

The medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm is in close relationship to the basilic vein on the lateral side of the biceps brachii

Back 7

False: medial side of the biceps brachii

Front 8

True or false:

The presence of costal facets is a characteristic of thoracic ribs

Back 8

True

Front 9

Which muscles make up the rotator cuff muscles:

Back 9

Subscapularis

Supraspinatus

Teres minor

Infraspinatus

Front 10

True or false:

The tubercle of rib 5 articulates with the transverse costal facet of the thoracic vertebra T4

Back 10

False: articulates with T5 costal facet

Front 11

True or false:

The internal oblique muscle of the abdomen form the floor of the lumbar triangle

Back 11

True

Front 12

List the surface anatomy of the back

Back 12

External occipital protuberance

Spinous process of C7

Acromion of scapula

Medial border of scapula

Inferior angle of scapula

Median furrow

Erector spinae muscles

Iliac crest

Posterior superior iliac spine

Lateral border of latissimus dorsi

Spinous process of thoracic vertebrae

Superior border of trapezius muscle

Front 13

True or false:

The median cubital vein joins the cephalic and the basilic veins across the cubital fossa

Back 13

True

Front 14

True or false:

The actions of trapezius muscles elevate, retract, and depress the scapula

Back 14

True

Front 15

True or false:

The dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve innervates the skin near the styloid

Back 15

True

Front 16

True or false:

The lumbar vertebrae have larger bodies, broad spinous processes and have costal facets for ribs

Back 16

False: no costal facets

Front 17

True or false:

The intertubercular sulcus forms the medial wall of the axilla

Back 17

False: the intertubercular sulcus forms the lateral wall, the medial wall is formed by the serratus anterior

Front 18

True or false:

The rhomboid minor forms one of the boundaries of the triangle of auscultation

Back 18

False, the boundaries are:

latissimus dorsi, trapezius, rhomboid major

Front 19

True or false:

The superficial muscles of the back are part of the extrinsic muscles of the back

Back 19

True (superficial and deep muscles of the back are extrinsic muscles)

Front 20

True or false:

The cranial nerve XI (accessory nerve) and branches of the posterior rami of spinal nerve C3 and C4 form a plexus at the deep surface of the trapezius muscle

Back 20

False: Accessory nerve and ventral (anterior) rami of spinal nerve C3/4 form a plexus deep to the trapezius muscle

Front 21

True or false:

Elevation and rotation of the scapula are a combination of actions to depress the glenoid cavity

Back 21

False: retraction and rotation of the scapula by the rhomboid muscles depress the glenoid cavity

Front 22

True or false:

The axillary sheath is an epithelial tissue structure

Back 22

False: connective tissue structure

Front 23

True or false:

The latissimus dorsi muscle have medial attachments to T7 - T12 and at the lateral angle of rib 9-12

Back 23

True (and thoracolumbar fasica and iliac crest)

Front 24

True or false:

The pectoralis major is the landmark used to divide the axillary artery into 3 parts

Back 24

False: pectoralis minor

Front 25

True or false:

The greater occipital nerve is the posterior (dorsal) ramus of the spinal nerve C2

Back 25

True

Front 26

True or false:

The cerebrospinal fluid can be obtained from the arachnoid space inferior to the conus medullaris

Back 26

False: subarachnoid space

Front 27

True or false:

The axillary nerve and axillary vessels are found on the deep surface of the deltoid muscle near the humerus

Back 27

False: the axillary nerve and the posterior circumflex humeral vessels can be found on the deltoid near the humerus

Front 28

True or false:

The axillary artery begins at the lateral border of the 1st rib and ends at the inferior border of the teres major muscle

Back 28

True

Front 29

List the parts of the sacrum

Back 29

Sacral canal

Superior articular facet

Medial sacral crest

Posterior sacral foramen

coccyx

Sacral hiatus

Ligaments: sacrospinous ligament, sacrotuberous ligament

Front 30

True or false:

The dorsal fascia of the hand is the extension of the brachial fascia of the arm

Back 30

True: brachial fascia - antebrachial fascia - dorsal and palmar fascia

Front 31

What are the branches of the axillary artery

Back 31

1st part: Superior thoracic artery

2nd part: thoracoacromial (pectoral, deltoid, acromial and clavicular branch) and lateral thoracic artery

3rd part: subscapular artery, posterior circumflex humeral artery, anterior circumflex humeral artery

Front 32

What are the deep muscles of the back

Back 32

Splenius muscle: Splenius capitis and splenius cervicus

Erector spinae muscles: spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis

Transversospinal group: semispinalis ( capitis, cervicis, thoracis), multifidus and rotatores

Front 33

What forms the border of the quadrangular space (exit of axillary n and posterior circumflex humeral a)

Back 33

Superior: inferior border of teres minor muscle

Lateral: surgical neck of the humerus

Medial: lateral border of the long head of the triceps brachii muscle

Inferior: superior border of the teres major muscle

Front 34

True or false:

The deep branch of the transverse cervical artery is also a direct branch of the subclavian artery

Back 34

False: branch thyrocervical trunk

Front 35

True or false:

The dens in the axis (C2) corresponds to the body in the atlas (C1) that has become fused

Back 35

True

Front 36

True or false:

The posterior wall of the axilla is made of muscles that are all supplied by the anterior rami of the spinal nerve

Back 36

False

Front 37

True or false:

The posterior cutaneous branch of the posterior rami pierce 2 superficial muscles of the back to enter the superficial fascia

Back 37

True

Front 38

The borders of the triangular space include (circumflex scapular artery deep to space):

Back 38

Superior: Inferior border of teres minor m

Inferior: superior border of the teres major border

Lateral: medial border of the long head of the triceps brachii muscle

Front 39

What is the characteristic feature of each vertebra

Back 39

Cervical - oval foramen transversarum

Thoracic - costal facets

Lumbar - massive body

Front 40

True or false:

The serratus posterior muscles are innervated by the anterior rami of the spinal nerve

Back 40

True: intercostal nerves (anterior rami)

Front 41

True or false:

The radial nerve leaves the axilla by passing anterior to the humerus and anterior to the latissimus dorsi and teres major muscles

Back 41

False: posterior to the humerus, but anterior to the latissimus dorsi and teres major

Front 42

True or false:

There are three groups of intrinsic hand muscles

Back 42

True

Superficial: Thenar and hypothenar

Deep: interosseous m and adductor pollicis m

Front 43

True or false:

The median nerve innervates the deep layer of forearm flexor muscles through the posterior interosseous nerve

Back 43

Fasle: Anterior interosseous nerve

Posterior interosseous nerve branch of radial nerve to supply extensors

Front 44

True or false:

The musculocutaneous nerve runs between the coracobrachialis and the brachialis muscles

Back 44

False: runs between the biceps brachii and the brachialis

Front 45

True or false:

The four tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle proximal to the wrist, lie between the median nerve laterally and the ulnar artery and nerve

Back 45

True

Front 46

True or false:

The tendon of the long head of biceps brachii passes medial to the humeral ligament as it enters the shoulder joint

Back 46

False: passes posterior to the transverse humeral ligament

Front 47

True or false:

The bicipital aponeurosis the broad extension of the biceps tendon in the cubital fossa

Back 47

True

Front 48

True or false:

The posterior interosseous nerve is a deep branch of the radial nerve, while the posterior interosseous artery is a branch of the ulnar artery

Back 48

True

Front 49

True or false:

The fascia lata is the deep fascia of the thigh

Back 49

True

Front 50

True or false:

Digit number 1 is always the pollex

Back 50

False: either pollex or hallux

Front 51

What forms the boundaries of the cubital fossa

Back 51

Lateral: brachioradialis m

Medial: Protator teres m

Superior: imaginary line between medial and lateral epicondyles of the humerus

Inferior: brachialis and supinator m

Front 52

True or false:

Blockage of the brachial artery at midpoint of the humerus may prevent blood flow to the forearm and hand

Back 52

False: deep artery of the arm supplies collateral

Front 53

True or false:

The radial nerve lies along a vessel in the radial groove

Back 53

True: lies next to posterior circumflex humeral artery

Front 54

True or false:

The three proximal attachments of the flexor digitorium superficialis muscle create a tendinous arch anterior to the ulnar artery and the median nerve

Back 54

True

Front 55

True or false:

The posterior compartment of the arm contains only one muscle

Back 55

False: Triceps, brachioradialis, ancoeus muscle

Front 56

True or false:

The ulnar nerve passes posterior to the lateral epicondyle

Back 56

False: posterior to the medial epicondyle

Front 57

True or false:

The medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm is a direct branch from the brachial plexus

Back 57

True: arise from the inferior side of the medial cord

Front 58

True or false:

The posterior interosseous artery that supplies the extensor group of forearm muscles is a branch of the radial artery

Back 58

False: branch of the radial artery

Front 59

True or false:

All four muscles of the superficial layer of the anterior/ flexor compartment of the forearm are supplied by the median nerve

Back 59

False: also the ulnar nerve

Front 60

True or false:

The cutaneous innervation of the dorsum of the hand is by the radial, ulnar and median nerve

Back 60

True

Front 61

True or false:

The long head of the biceps brachii muscle attaches to the coracoid process of the scapula

Back 61

False: short head

Long head attaches to supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Front 62

True or false:

There are three compartments in the thigh, extensor (anterior), adductor (medial) and flexor (posterior)

Back 62

True

Front 63

True or false:

The radial nerve innervates all muscles in the dorsum of the hand

Back 63

False: no intrinsic muscles (thus none innervated by the radial nerve)

Front 64

True or false:

The common flexor tendon gives proximal attachment to all flexor muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm

Back 64

False: attachment for all superficial flexor muscles

Front 65

True or false:

There are five synovial sheaths in the hand, the ulnar bursa, the radial bursa and three digital synovial sheaths

Back 65

True

Front 66

True or false:

The medial and lateral intermuscular septa are attachments of the deep fascia of the arm on the humerus

Back 66

True

Front 67

True or false:

The brachial fascia continues into the forearm as the deep fascia of the forearm

Back 67

True: antebrachial fascia

Front 68

True or false:

Varicose veins are clinical conditions of distended great saphenous veins as a result of an incompetent valve

Back 68

True

Front 69

True or false:

The flexor retinaculum bridges only four carpal bones to form the carpal tunnel

Back 69

True

Pisiform, hamate, scaphoid and trapezium

Front 70

What are the muscles of the anterior and posterior compartments of the upper arm

Back 70

Anterior: coracobrachialis, brachialis and biceps brachii

Posterior: triceps brachii, anconeus, brachioradialis

Front 71

Which ligaments contribute to the formation of the fibrous joint capsule of the hip

Back 71

Iliofemoral ligament

Ischiofemoral ligament

Pubofemoral ligament

Front 72

The lateral ligament of the foot consists of:

Back 72

Anterior talofibular ligament

Calcaneofibular ligament

Posterior talofibular ligament

Front 73

The cerebrospinal fluid is obtained from:

Back 73

Subarachnoid space inferior to the conus medullaris

Front 74

The motor branch of the femoral nerve is located:

Back 74

Between the rectus femoris and the three vastus muscles

Front 75

True or false:

The deep fibular nerve runs along the anterior fibular artery in the anterior compartment of the leg

Back 75

False: runs along the anterior tibial artery

Front 76

True or false:

The posterior tibial artery and tibial nerve lie between the tendon of the flexor digitorum longus and the flexor hallucis longus muscles

Back 76

True

Front 77

True or false:

The distal attachment of the lumbrical muscles are the extensor expansion of all the toes

Back 77

False: only the lateral 4 toes

Front 78

True or false:

The ligament of the head of the femur lies in the acetabular notch

Back 78

True

Front 79

The synovial joint at the ankle is what type of joint:

Back 79

Hinge

Front 80

True or false:

The ligaments that span the tarsal bones support the transverse arch of the foot

Back 80

False

Front 81

True or false:

The cruciate ligaments are located outside of the synovial cavity but inside the joint

Back 81

True

Front 82

True or false:

The tibial nerve and posterior tibial vessels exit the popliteal fossa by passing deep to the tendinous arch of the plantaris muscle

Back 82

False: soleus muscle (not plantaris)

Front 83

True or false:

The plantar arch is superficial to the interosseous muscles

Back 83

True

Front 84

True or false:

The tibial nerve innervates both the deep and superficial muscle groups of the leg

Back 84

True

Front 85

True or false:

The common fibular nerve crosses the proximal head of plantaris muscle in the popliteal fossa while the tibial nerve lies superficial to the popliteus muscle

Back 85

True

Front 86

True or false:

One of the group action of the superficial muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg is extension of the ankle joint

Back 86

True

Front 87

What nerves contribute to the formation of the spinal accessory nerve

1. Cranial nerve XI

2. Ventral rami of C3 and C4

3. Posterior rami of C3 and C4

4. None of the above

Back 87

Ventral rami of C3 and C4

Front 88

What muscle, supplied by the spinal accessory nerve is responsible for the abduction of the arm above the shoulder level (horizontal)

1. Rhomboid major

2. Rhomboid minor

3. Deltoid

4. None of the above

Back 88

None of the above - supraspinatus

Front 89

What intercostal space posterior is well suited for auscultation

1. 6th

2. 8th

3. 5th

4. None of the above

Back 89

6th

Front 90

What is the movement of the scapula during abduction of the upper limb in which the glenoid cavity moves in an upwards direction?

1. Medial rotation

2. Lateral rotation

3. Depression

4. Superior rotation

Back 90

Superior rotation

Front 91

What contribute to the formation of the shoulder joint?

1. The clavicle and the scapula

2. The scapula and the humerus

3. The clavicle and humerus

4. All of the above

Back 91

The scapula and the humerus

Front 92

What parts of the brachial cord may likely be effected with loss in sensation that extends below the elbow to the hand

1. Superior trunk

2. Superior trunk and inferior trunk

3. Inferior trunk

4. Posterior cord and inferior trunk

Back 92

Superior trunk

Front 93

What level of lesion would bring about medial rotation of the upper limb

1. Superior trunk

2. Superior and inferior trunk

3. Inferior trunk

4. Posterior cord

Back 93

Superior trunk

Front 94

What affected muscles brings about medial rotation of upper limb

1. Coracobrachialis

2. Deltoid and coracobrachialis

3. Biceps brachii and deltoid

4. Deltoid

Back 94

Biceps brachii and deltoid

Front 95

What parts of the brachial cord may likely be affected with loss in sensation involving most of the palmar hand and ulnar aspect of the dorsal hand

1. Superior trunk

2. Superior and inferior trunk

3. Inferior trunk

4. Posterior cord and inferior trunk

Back 95

Inferior trunk

Front 96

What level of lesion will effect the short muscles of the hand

1. Superior trunk

2. Superior and inferior trunk

3. Inferior trunk

4. Posterior cord and inferior trunk

Back 96

Inferior trunk

Front 97

What are the terminal branches of the posterior cord

1. Axillary and lower subscapular n

2. Lower subscapular and radial n

3. Axillary and radial n

4. Radial and upper subscapular n

Back 97

Axillary and radial n

Front 98

The injection was given at the upper outer quadrant because:

1. The gluteus maximus m occupies this area

2. It is deprived of great nerves and vessels

3. It has underlying deep veins

4. To avoid capillaries and venules

Back 98

It is deprived of great nerves and vessels

Front 99

Which nerve supplies the gluteus medius

1. Obturator nerve

2. Superior gluteal nerve

3. Sciatic nerve

4. Inferior gluteal nerve

Back 99

Superior gluteal nerve

Front 100

The following nerves are branches sciatic nerve except:

1. Tibial nerve

2. Superficial fibular nerve

3. Pudendal nerve

4. Common fibular nerve

Back 100

Pudendal nerve

Front 101

The sciatic nerve innervates:

1. Flexor muscles in the thigh

2. Flexor muscles of the thigh

3. Extensor muscles in the thigh

4. Extensor muscles of the thigh

Back 101

Flexor muscles of the thigh

Front 102

The following artery will supply the hip joint and arises from the deep artery of the thigh:

1. Medial circumflex artery

2. Superior gluteal artery

3. Inferior gluteal artery

4. Lateral circumflex artery

Back 102

Medial circumflex femoral artery

Front 103

Which is the weaker ligament of the hip joint that limits extension and medial rotation, and attaches the acetabulum to the neck of the femur posteriorly

1. Capsular ligament

2. Iliofemoral ligament

3. Ischiofemoral ligament

4. Transverse acetabular ligament

Back 103

Ischiofemoral ligament

Front 104

The patellar tendon reflex (L3-4) is used to test the integrity of:

1. The common fibular nerve

2. The tibial nerve

3. The femoral nerve

4. Articular branches of the fibular and tibial nerves

Back 104

Femoral nerve

Front 105

Which nerve innervates the adductor halluces in the foot

1. Deep branch of lateral plantar nerve

2. Superficial branch of lateral plantar nerve

3. Lateral plantar nerve

4. Medial plantar nerve

Back 105

Deep branch of lateral plantar nerve

Front 106

The dermatomes on the second toe is

1. L1

2. L4

3. L5

4. S1-2

Back 106

L5

Front 107

True or false:

Cervical vertebrae differ from thoracic vertebrae in that the cervical vertebrae have smaller bodies and smaller vertebral foramina

Back 107

False: cervical body is small but vertebral foramina in large (and triangular)

Front 108

True or false:

In the foot, the lumbrical muscles arise from the tendon of the flexor digitorum brevis

Back 108

False: arise from the flexor digitorum longus

Front 109

True or false:

The femoral vessels enter the posterior compartment by passing through the adductor hiatus

Back 109

True

Front 110

True or false:

The rectus femoris muscles extends both the knee and the hip joint

Back 110

False: flexes the hip joint and extends the knee

Front 111

The vertical group of superficial lymph nodes are found around the proximal end of the great saphenous vein

Back 111

True

Front 112

True or false:

The axial line of movement in the hand is in the 3rd digits, same as in the toes.

Back 112

False: toes in second digit

Front 113

True or false:

Injury to the recurrent branch of the median nerve will impair opposition action of the pollex

Back 113

True

Front 114

True or false:

The anterior interosseous artery and nerve pass between the pronator quadratus muscle and the interosseous membrane in the distal forearm

Back 114

True

Front 115

True or false:

The anterior and posterior interosseous arteries in the forearm are branches of the ulnar arteries alone

Back 115

True

Front 116

True or false:

The anterior and posterior interosseous nerves in the forearm are branches of the radial nerve alone

Back 116

False

Radial nerve - posterior interosseous

Median nerve - anterior interosseous

Front 117

True or false:

A fracture at the mid-shaft of the humerus that may affect the radial nerve in the radial groove may spare the profunda brachii artery

Back 117

True

Front 118

True or false:

A fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus will affect both the circumflex humeral artery and the axillary nerve

Back 118

True

Front 119

True or false:

The lateral thoracic artery is a direct branch if the 3rd part of the axillary artery

Back 119

False: branch of the second part

Front 120

True or false:

The cerebrospinal fluid can be obtained in the epidural space inferior to the medullary cone (L1 and L2)

Back 120

False: from the subarachnoid space

Front 121

True or false:

The suprascapular nerve and artery pass through the suprascapular notch inferior to the transverse scapular ligament

Back 121

True (suprascapular artery passes superior)