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84 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Muscle Actions |
Agonist= prime mover Antagonist= muscle that opposes prime mover Synergist= muscle that aids prime mover Fixator= muscle that prevents bone from moving |
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Connective Tissue Components |
Fascia: sheet that separates neighboring muscle/muscle group Epimysium: fibrous sheath that surround entire muscle Perimysium: thicker sheath that wraps muscle fibers into fascicles Endomysium: thin sleeve that surrounds muscle fiber |
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Muscles Shapes |
1. Fusiform arrangement purpose 2. Fascicles 3. Pennate 4. Parallel 5. Sphincter 6. Triangular |
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Bell's Palsy |
Anatomical problem |
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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome |
Anatomical problem |
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Orbicularis Oris head muscle |
*Closes the lips Origin: dermis of lips Insertion: dermis of lips |
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Temporalis head muscle |
*Elevates and retracts the mandible Origin: temporal bone Insertion: mandible bone (coranoid process) |
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Buccinator head muscle |
*Adducts cheeks for sucking/blowing Origin: mandible and maxilla Insertion: orbicularis oris |
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Masseter head muscle |
*Elevates and protracts mandible Origin: zygomatic bone Insertion: mandible bone (coranoid process) |
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Zygomaticus Major head muscle |
*Elevates corner of mouth, smile/laughing Origin: zygomatic bone Insertion: dermis of angle of mouth |
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Zygomaticus Minor head muscle |
*Elevates upper lip, barring teeth Origin: zygomatic bone Insertion: muscles of upper lip |
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Orbicularis Oculi head muscle |
*Closes eyes Origin: lacrimal bone Insertion: dermis of eyelids |
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Corrugator Supercilii head muscle |
*Adducts/depresses eyebrows, huh? look Origin: Frontal Bone Insertion: Dermis of eyebrows |
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Frontalis head muscle |
*Elevates eyebrows and wrinkles forehead Origin: Galea Aponeurotica Insertion: Dermis of eyebrows |
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Depressor Anguli Oris head muscle |
*Depresses angle of mouth; frown Origin: Mandible bone Insertion: Dermis of lower lip |
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Digastric head muscle |
*Elevates hyoid bone and depresses mandible Origin: temporal bone and mandible Insertion: hyoid bone |
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Multifidus axial muscle |
*Stabilize spine during movement Origin: C4-L5, Ilium, sacrum I Insertion: next high vertebrae |
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Quadratus Lumborum axial muscle |
*Extends/laterally flexes spine; posture Origin: Ilium (iliac crest) Insertion: Rib 12 and lumbar vertebrae |
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Sternocleidomastoid axial muscles |
*flexes neck and laterally rotates head away from muscle Origin: sternum and clavicle Insertion: temporal bone (mastoid process) |
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External Intercostals axial muscles |
*Elevate and protract ribs; inhale Origin: Ribs 1-11 Insertion: next lower rib |
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Scalenes axial muscle |
*Flexes neck and elevate ribs 1-2, inhale Origin: cervical vertebrae Insertion: ribs 1-2 |
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Diaphragm axial muscle |
*Increases thoracic volume for inhale Origin: sternum, ribs 7-12, lumbar vertebrae Insertion: central tendon of diaphragm |
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Internal Intercostals axial muscle |
*Depress and retract ribs, exhale Origin: ribs 2-12 Insertion: next higher rib |
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Serratus Anterior axial muscle |
*Protracts scapula Origin: ribs 1-10 Insertion: Scapula (medial border) |
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Pectoralis Minor axial muscle |
*Depresses scapula Origin: ribs 3-5 Insertion: scapula (coracoid process) |
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Rhomboideus Minor posterior thoracic muscle |
*Elevates/adducts scapula Origin: vertebrae C7-T1 Insertion: scapula (medial border) |
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Rhomboideus Major posterior thoracic muscle |
*Elevates, adducts, and inferiorly rotates scapula; depresses shoulder Origin: vertebrae T2-T5 Insertion: scapula (medial border) |
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Levator Scapulae posterior thoracic muscle |
*Elevates scapula Origin: vertebrae C1-C4 Insertion: scapula (superior angle) |
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Latissimus Dorsi posterior thoracic muscle |
*Extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm Origin: vertebrae T7-L5, ribs 9-12, Ilium Insertion: Humerus |
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Trapezius posterior thoracic muscle |
*Elevates clavicle, adducts scapula, extends neck Origin: occipital bone and cervical vertebrae Insertion: scapula and clavicle |
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Rotator Cuff arm muscles |
1. Supraspinatus 2. Infraspinatus 3. Teres Minor 4. Subscapularis |
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Supraspinatus arm muscle |
* Origin: Insertion: |
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Infraspinatus arm muscles |
*Adducts and laterally rotates arm Origin: scapula (infraspinous fossa) Insertion: humerus |
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Teres Minor arm muscle |
*Adducts, extends, and laterally rotates arm Origin: scapula (lateral border) Insertion: humerus |
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Subscapularis arm muscle |
*Medially rotates arm Origin: scapula (subscapular fossa) Insertion: humerus |
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Teres Major arm muscle |
*Adducts, extends, and medially rotates arm Origin: scapula (lateral border) Insertion: humerus |
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Pectoralis Major arm muscle |
*Flex, adducts, and medial rotates arm Origin: clavicle, sternum, ribs 1-7 Insertion: humerus |
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Deltoid arm muscle |
*Abducts, flexes, extends, and medially/laterally rotates arm Origin: scapula and clavicle Insertion: humerus |
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Supinator forearm muscle |
*Supinates the forearm Origin: humerus and ulna (proximal) Insertion: radius (proximal) |
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Brachialis forearm muscle |
*Flexes forearm Origin: humerus (distal end) Insertion: ulna |
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Biceps Brachii forearm muscle |
*Flexes forearm and weakly supinates Origin: scapula (glenoid and coracoid) Insertion: radius (radial tuberosity) |
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Flexor Digitorum Superficialis forearm muscle |
*Elevates fingers and wrist Origin: ulna Insertion: middle phalanges II-V |
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Flexor Pollicis Longus forearm muscle |
*Flexes thumb (pollex) Origin: radius (proximal end) Insertion: distal phalanx I |
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Triceps Brachii forearm muscle |
*Extends forearm Origin: scapula and humerus Insertion: ulna (olecranon process) |
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Pronator Teres forearm muscle |
*Pronates forearm (weakly flexes forearm) Origin: humerus and ulna (proximal) Insertion: radius (proximal) |
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Pronator Quadratus forearm muscle |
*Pronates forearm Origin: ulna (distal end) Insertion: radius (distal) |
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Brachioradialis forearm muscle |
*Flexes forearm (strongest in mid-prone position) Origin: humerus Insertion: radius (styloid process) |
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Extensor Digitorum forearm muscle |
*Extends fingers and wrist Origin: ulna Insertion: phalanges II-V |
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Extensor Digiti Minimi forearm muscle |
*Extends fifth finger Origin: ulna (proximal end) Insertion: Proximal Phalanx V |
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Adductor Magnus thigh muscle |
*Adducts and laterally rotates thigh Origin: pubis and ischium Insertion: femur (linea aspira) |
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Adductor Brevis thigh muscle |
*Adducts thigh (weakly flexes, medially rotates) Origin: pubis Insertion: femur (linea aspira) |
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Adductor Longus thigh muscle |
*Adducts thigh (weakly flexes, laterally rotates) Origin: pubis Insertion: femur (linea aspira) |
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Adductor Muscles thigh muscles |
*Span hip joint to move femur 1. Adductor Magnus 2. Adductor Brevis 3. Adducor Longus |
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Hamstrings thigh muscle |
*Span hip joint to move femur 1. Semimembranosus 2. Semitendinosus 3. Biceps Femoris |
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Semimembranosus thigh muscle |
*Flexes leg and extends thigh Origin: ischium (ischial tuberosity) Insertion: tibia (medial condyle) and femur (laterla condyle) |
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Semitendinosus thigh muscle |
*Flexes leg and extends thigh Origin: ischium (ischial tuberosity) Insertion: tibia (proximal end) |
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Biceps Femoris thigh muscle |
*Flexes leg and extends thigh Origin: ischium and femur Insertion: fibula (head) |
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Gluteus Maximus thigh muscle |
*Extends, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh Origin: Ilium, sacrum, coccyx Insertion: femur and tibia (iliotibial tract) |
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Quadriceps Femoris thigh muscles |
1. Vastus Intermedius 2. Vastus Medialis 3. Vastus Lateralis 4. Rectur Femoris |
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Vastus Intermedius thigh muscle |
*Extends leg Origin: femur (shaft) Insertion: patella and tibia (tibial tuberosity) |
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Vastus Medialis thigh muscle |
*Extends leg Origin: Femus (linea aspira) Insertion: patella and tibia (tibial tuberosity) |
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Vastus Lateralis thigh muscle |
*Extends leg Origin: femus (greater trochanter) Insertion: patella and tibia (tibial tuberosity) |
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Rectus Fermoris thigh muscle |
*Extends leg and flexes thigh Origin: Ilium Insertion: patella and tibia (tibial tuberosity) |
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Tibialis Anterior leg muscle |
*Dorsiflexes and inverts foot Origin: tibia (lateral condyle) Insertion: tarsals and metatarsal I |
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Fibularis Longus leg muscle |
*Plantar flexes and everts foot Origin: fibula (proximal end) Insertion: tarsals and metatarsal I |
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Soleus leg muscle |
*Plantar flexes foot Origin: fibula and tibia (proximal end) Insertion: tarsal (calcaneus) |
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Gastrocnemius leg muscle |
*Plantar flexes foot and flexes leg Origin: femur (condyles) Insertion: tarsal (calcaneus) |
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Rectus Abdominus torso muscle |
*Flexes vertebral column Origin: Insertion: |
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External Oblique torso muscle |
*Compress abdomen and laterally flexes spine Origin: Insertion: |
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Internal Oblique torso muscle |
*Compress abdomen and laterally flex spine |
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Transverse Abdominal torso muscle |
*Compress abdomen |
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Flexor Retinaculum |
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Thenar Group |
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Hypothenar Group |
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Urogenital Triangle Anal Triangle pelvic muscles |
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Fascia Lata |
Iliotibial Tract |
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Runner's Knee clinical applications |
cartilage |
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Shin Splints clinical applications |
periosteum |
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Stress Fractures clinical applications |
bone tissues |
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Plantar Fasciitis clinical applications |
ligaments |
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Pulled Muscle clinical applications |
tendon |
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Static Stretching clinical applications |
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R.I.C.E. clinical applications |
1. REST 2. ICE 3. COMPRESSION 4. ELEVATE |
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Muscle Attachments |
1. Indirect by Tendon: ex: biceps brachii Aponeurosis: broad sheet of tendon Retinaculum: group of tendon pass through band of connection tissue 2. Direction Attachment: ex: brachialis microscopic gap bridged by collagen fibers |
