Muscular System

Front 1

Jobs of the muscular system

Back 1

1) move the body around in our environment
2) move things into and out of the body
3) shiver the warm body
4) pump warm blood to bring heat to the surface
5)orient sense organs for picking up stimulus
6) mantain posture
7) stabilize joints
8) generate heat for homeostasis

Front 2

The facia may form a broad fibrous sheet called a what which attaches the muscle to the coverings of adjacent muscles

Back 2

aponeuroses

Front 3

what is the muscle cell membrane?

Back 3

sarcolemma

Front 4

endoplasmic reticulum of the muscle cells is a network of membranous channels that lies within the sarcoplasm and surrounds each myofibril

Back 4

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Front 5

a set of membranous channels that extend inward as sarcolemmal invaginations and pass clear throught the fiber

Back 5

transverse tubules

Front 6

enlarged portions of the sarcoplasmic reticulum is called what?

Back 6

cisternae of the sarcoplasmic reticuluml

Front 7

I bands are light or dark and composed of what

Back 7

light bands composed of actin

Front 8

A bands are dark or light and composed of what?

Back 8

dark bands composed of myosin... H zone & M line

Front 9

what is a sarcomere?

Back 9

a functional unit

Front 10

the point of connection between a motor neuron and the muscle fiver it stimulates

Back 10

neuromuscular junction

Front 11

opposite each axonal terminal, the muscle fiber membrane is specialized and indents forming what?

Back 11

motor end plate

Front 12

The sarcolemma of the motor end plate is extensively folded into what? which greatly increase the surface area between the axonal terminal

Back 12

junctional folds

Front 13

the cytoplasm of the distal ends of these motor neuron fibers conatins many tiny vesicles called what?

Back 13

synaptic vesicles

Front 14

synaptic vesicles contain chemicals called what?

Back 14

neruotransmitters

Front 15

when a nerve impulse arrives the synaptic vesicles release a neurotransmitter into the gap called

Back 15

synaptic cleft

Front 16

what constitutes a motor neruon?

Back 16

motor neruon and muscle fibers

Front 17

what is composed of two twisted protein strands with globular parts called cross bridges.

Back 17

myosin macromolecule

Front 18

myosin macromolecules twist together to form what?

Back 18

myosin filament

Front 19

thin actin is compossed of globular actin strung together as long twisted chains forming what?

Back 19

fibrous actin

Front 20

long protien filaments wind around the fibrous actin chanes covering all the binding sites are called?

Back 20

tropomyosin

Front 21

what attaches each G actin binding site to the tropomyosin filament holding it in place

Back 21

troponin complex

Front 22

a nerve impulse is called what?

Back 22

action potential

Front 23

adrenaline

Back 23

norepenepherine

Front 24

what causes the mitochondria to store energy of cellular respiration

Back 24

creatine phosokinase

Front 25

pyruvic acid is broken down into what?

Back 25

lactic acid

Front 26

a minimal strength of stimulus is called what which is needed to cause muscle cells to contract

Back 26

threshold stimulus

Front 27

recorded pattern of a muscle contractionis called

Back 27

a myogram

Front 28

no muscle movement

Back 28

latent period

Front 29

in the sarcomeres the myosin fibers are pulling on the actin fibers causing contraction movement in the muscels

Back 29

contraction stage

Front 30

successive jerky muscle twitches

Back 30

summation

Front 31

strong and good sustained contraction

Back 31

tetnus

Front 32

an increase in muscle twitch and strength

Back 32

treppe

Front 33

muscles loose their tone

Back 33

flaccid

Front 34

muscle attatchment to a smaller moveable one

Back 34

insertion

Front 35

red

Back 35

slow twitch fibers

Front 36

white

Back 36

fast twitch fibers