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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The three types of muscle |
Skeletal, smooth and cardiac |
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Endomysium |
PART OF THE FASCIA. Connective tissue that covers a single muscle cell/fibre |
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Perimysium |
OART OF THE FASCIA Surrounds small bundles of muscle fibre |
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Epimysium |
OART OF THE FASCIA Outer layer of the fascia |
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Layers of connective tissue |
Fascia, fascicles and tendons |
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Myofibrils |
A single muscle cell Thin or thick microfilamemts |
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Sarcoplasmic reticulum |
Stores calcium ions. |
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Neuromuscular junction |
The area where the motor neuron meets the muscle |
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The neuromuscular junction |
The sight of ACh action and activation of muscle membrane |
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What is ACh |
Acetylecholine. The neurotransmitter |
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Myasthenia gravis |
Weakness if the muscle because the receptor sites of NMJ are damaged |
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Curare |
A drug that blocks the receptors causing muscle relaxation and paralysis |
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Neurotoxins |
Chemical substances that disrupt the normal function of the nervous system |
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Twitch |
Single muscle response in which the muscle contracts and then fully relaxes |
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Muscle tone/ tonus |
Normal continuous state of partial muscle contraction |
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Tetanus |
Sustained muscle contraction caused by repeated stimulation |
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Energy sources for muscle contraction |
Metabolism, glycosis (an aerobic catabolism) and aerobic catabolism. |
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Sarcolemma |
Cell membrane |
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Origin |
Site of muscle attached to stationary bone |
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Insertion |
Site of muscle attachment to moveable bone |
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Prime mover |
Single muscle responsible for majority of the movement |
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Synergist |
The helper muscles that assist the prime mover |
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Antagonists |
Muscles that allows the action of another muscle |
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Hypertrophy |
Growth in response to overuse of muscles |
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Atrophy |
Wasting. Disuse, denervation and senile atrophy. |
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Contracture |
Abnormal fibrous formation in muscle that freezes in flexed position. |
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How are skeletal muscles named. |
Size, shape, direction, location, origins and action. |
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Chewing muscles |
Masseter and temporalis. |
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T-tubule system |
Extensions of cell membrane that penetrate the centre of skeletal and cardiac muscles. |
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Sacromeres |
Unit of muscle cell in striated muscle. |
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Fascia |
Type of connective tissue |
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What is calcium and adenosine triphosphate |
ATP |
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What role does calcium play |
Calcium is released in order for muscle contraction and returns to the SR and the muscle relaxes |
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Somatic motor nerve |
This nerve must be stimulated for skeletal muscle contraction |
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The motor unit |
A single motor neuron that decides the strength of muscle contraction depending on the number of motor units that are stimulated |
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Recruitment |
Using additional motor units |
