Muscles, Orgin And Insertion, Action

Front 1

frontalis

Back 1

o-galea aponeurotica
I - skin of the eyebrow
action-elevates the eyebrow and wrinkles forhead

Front 2

orbicularis oris

Back 2

o- fascia surrounding the lips
i-skin of the lips
action -close lips, form words and pucker lips

Front 3

buccanator

Back 3

o - where maxilla and mandible meet
I - orbicularis oris
action-compresses cheek, sucking and blowing

Front 4

temporalis

Back 4

o-temporal fossa
I - coronoid process of the mandible
action- closes mouth (elevates jaw)

Front 5

masseter

Back 5

o- zygomatic arch
I - lateral ramus of mandible
action- closes mouth, mastication (chewing)

Front 6

sternocleidomastoid

Back 6

o - sternum and clavical
i- mastoid process
action- rotation of head (opposite)

Front 7

trapezius

Back 7

o- occipital bone and spines of cervical and thoracic vertebrae
i- clavicle, spine of scapula, acromion process
action- elevates scapula, draws head back, adducts scapula

Front 8

occipitalis / occipital belly

Back 8

o- occipital bone and mastoid process
i- galea aponeurotica
action- moves scalp backwards

Front 9

medial and lateral pterygoid muscles

Back 9

o- sphenoid bone
I - mandible
action- elevate mandible, protract mandible, move mandible laterally

Front 10

external oblique (angle)

Back 10

o- the angle of the lower ribs
i- iliac crest, linea alba
action - contract both- compress abdomen (suck in).
contract one- crunches. turns body side to side

Front 11

internal oblique

Back 11

o- iliac crest and inguinal ligament
i- linea alba, cartilage of lower ribs
action- contract both - compress abdomen (suck in)
contract one- turn side to side

Front 12

transverse abdominus

Back 12

o- iliac crest, inguinal ligament, cartilage of lower ribs
i-zyphoid process, linea alba, pubis
action-compresses abdomen, suck in

Front 13

rectus abdominus (six pack)

Back 13

o- pubic crest, and symphysis pubis
i- zyphoid process, cartilage of middle ribs
action- bend forward, flex spine

Front 14

erector spinae

Back 14

a group of massive muscles that run from sacrum to skull and act to extend the vertebral column

Front 15

seratus anterior

Back 15

o- lateral surface of upper ribs
i- the medial border of the scapula
action-pull the scapula forward and downward. (arch back, breasts out)

Front 16

pectoralis minor

Back 16

o- sternal ends of the upper ribs
i- coracoid process of the scapula
action- pull scapula forward and downward, arch back (breasts forward)

Front 17

rhomboids

Back 17

o- spines of cervical and thoracic vertebra
i- medial border of scapula
action- elevates and adducts scapula

Front 18

latissimus dorsi

Back 18

o - iliac crest, spinous process of lower vertebrae
i- intertubucular groove of humerus
action- extends and adducts the arm at shoulder joint. (back and in) medial rotates shoulder. (swimmer, five from behind)

Front 19

pectoralis major

Back 19

o- clavicle, sternum, costal cartilage of upper ribs
i- greater tubercle of humerus
action- flexes, adducts and rotates arm medialy

Front 20

deltoid

Back 20

O- clavicle, acromion process, spine of scapula
i- deltoid tuberosity of humerus
action- abduct the arm

Front 21

supraspinatus

Back 21

o- supra spinous fossa of scapula
I - greater tubercle of humerus
action- abduct arm, laterally rotate humerus

Front 22

infraspinatus

Back 22

o- infra spinous fossa of scapula
i- greater tubercle of humerus
action- rotate arm laterally or externally rotate arm

Front 23

subscapularis

Back 23

o- subscapular fossa of scapula
I - lesser tubercle of humerus
action- internally rotates arm. (medialy rotates arm inward)

Front 24

biceps brachii

Back 24

orgins- long head-tuberosity above glenoid cavity
short head- coracoid process of scapula
insertion -radial tuberosity on radius
action- flex elbow, supination of forarm and hand

Front 25

triceps brachii

Back 25

origins- tuberosity below glenoid cavity and on the medial and lateral surface of humerus
i- olecranon process of the ulna
action - extends arm at elbow joint

Front 26

gluteus maximus

Back 26

o- iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx, lumbar
i-gluteal tuberosity of femur, the iliotibial tract
action- extend(back) and rotate the thigh laterally at the hip

Front 27

tensor fasciae latae

Back 27

o - anterior border of ilium and iliac crest
i-the iliotibial tract (it band)
action- abduct leg

Front 28

gricilis

Back 28

o- inferior edge of symphysis pubis
i-proximal, medial surface of tibia
action- adducts the leg at hip join. flexes and rotates leg at knee joint

Front 29

sartorius (longest muscle in body)

Back 29

o- anterior, superior, iliac spine
I - medial surface of tibia
action- flex the leg at thigh, once flexed medialy rotates the lower leg

Front 30

(quadriceps femoris) rectus femorus

Back 30

o-anterior, inferior iliac spine
I - quadriceps femoris tendon
action- extend leg at knee joint

Front 31

(quadriceps femoris) vastus lateralis

Back 31

o - greater trochanter of femur,and linea aspera of femur
I - quadriceps femoris tendon
action- extend leg at knee joint

Front 32

(quadriceps femoris) vastus medialis

Back 32

o- medial surface of linea aspera of femur
i- quadriceps femoris tendon
action- extend leg at knee joint

Front 33

(quadriceps femoris) vastus intermedius

Back 33

(runs deep to rectus femorus)
o-anterior lateral surface of femur
I - quadriceps femoris tendon
action- extend leg at knee joint

Front 34

biceps femoris

Back 34

o - long head-ischial tuberosity of the ischium-posterior
short head - linea aspera of femur
I - head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
action- flexes leg at knee joint (foot back) extends and laterally rotates the thigh at hip joint

Front 35

semitendinosus

Back 35

o-the ischial tuberosity of ischium
i-proximal portion of the medial surface of the tibia
action - flexes leg at knee joint, extends the hip and medially rotates

Front 36

semimembranosus(runs deep to semitendinosus)

Back 36

o- ischial tuberosity of ischium
i- medial condyle of the tibia
action- flexes leg at knee joint and extends the hip and medially rotates.

Front 37

tibialis anterior

Back 37

o- lateral condyle of tibia
i- 1st metatarsal and tarsal bone
action- dorsiflex foot (foot up) and invert foot

Front 38

peroneus longus (fibularis longus)

Back 38

(runs under foot)
o - lateral condyle of tibia and head and shaft of fibula
i- 1st metatarsal and tarsal bone
action - plantar flex (for down) and evert Foot (foot out)

Front 39

gastrocnemius (calf muscle)

Back 39

o - lateral and medial condyles of femur
I - posterior surface of the calcaneus (heel) by way of the Achilles tendon
action - plantar flex foot at ankle joint and flex leg at knee joint

Front 40

soleus

Back 40

deep to gastrocnemius
o- posterior aspect of tibia and fibula
i-posterior surface of the calcaneus via Achilles tendon
action - plantar flex foot at ankle joint