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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Serratus Anterior |
Origin: superior borders of upper 8-9 ribs
Insertion: costal surface of medial border of scapula Innervation: long thoracic nerve Action: scapular abduction, scapular upward rotation when used with trapezius |
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Rhomboid Major |
Origin: spinous processes of T2-5 Insertion: medial border of scapula between the spine and the inferior angle Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve Actions: adduction, elevation, and downward (medial) rotation of scapula |
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Rhomboid Minor |
Origin: spinous process of C7 and T1 Insertion: root of the spine of the scapula Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve Actions: adduction, elevation, and downward (medial) rotation of scapula |
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Levator Scapulae |
Origin: transverse processes of C1-4 Insertion: medial border of scapula between superior angle and root of spine Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve Actions: adduction, elevation, and downward (medial) rotation of scapula |
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Upper Trapezius |
Origin: external occipital protuberance, 1/3 of superior nuchal line, spinous process of C7
Insertion: lateral 1/3 of clavicle and acromion process Innervation: spinal accessory nerve Actions: elevation of scapula; when acting with the serratus anterior, upward rotation of scapula |
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Middle Trapezius |
Origin: spinous processes of T1-T5 Insertion: spine of scapula Innervation: spinal accessory nerve Actions: adduction (retraction) of scapula |
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Lower Trapezius |
Origin: spinous processes of T6-12 Insertion: apex of the spine of the scapula Innervation: spinal accessory nerve Actions: depression of scapula; when acting with the serratus anterior, upward rotaion of scapula |
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Pectoralis Minor |
Origin: ribs 3-5 near cartilages Insertion: coracoid process of scapula Innervation: medial and lateral pectoral Actions: depresses the scapula and tilts it anteriorly (tipping) |
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Rotator cuff |
Consists of: - Supraspinatus - Infraspinatus - Teres Minor - Subscapularis muscles that are uniquely designed to provide dynamic stability to the gleno humeral joint. One function of all the rotator cuff muscles is to maintain the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa. |
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Supraspinatus |
* Part of Rotator Cuff Origin: medial 2/3 of supraspinous fossa of scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus Innervation: suprascapular nerve Actions: initial 90 degrees of gleno humeral joint abduction; stabilized the head of the humerus in glenoid (compression) |
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Infraspinatus |
* Part of Rotator Cuff Origin: medial 2/3 of infraspinous fossa of scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus Innervation: suprascapular nerve Actions: external (lateral) rotation of the humerus; stabilized the head of the humerus in the glenoid; downward glide of the head of the humerus |
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Teres Minor |
* Part of Rotator Cuff Origin: upper 2/3 and dorsal surface of lateral border of scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus Innervation: axillary nerve Actions: external (lateral) rotation of the humerus; stabilized the head of humerus in glenoid; downward glide of the head of the humerus |
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Subscapularis |
* Part of Rotator Cuff Origin: subscapular fossa of the scapula Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus Innervation: subscapular nerve Actions: internal (medial) rotation of the humerus; stabilized the head of humerus in glenoid; downward glide of the head of the humerus |
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Latissimus Dorsi |
* Muscle that moves glenohumeral joint
Origin: lower 6 thoracic vertebra, thoracolumbar fascia, and iliac crest Insertion: intertubercular groove of humerus Innervation: thoracodorsal nerve Action: adduction, medial (internal) rotation, extension of the glenohumeral joint |
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Teres Major |
* Muscle that moves glenohumeral joint Origin: dorsal inferior angle of scapula Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus Innervation: subscapular nerve Actions: adduction, medial rotation, extension of the glenohumeral joint |
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Pectoralis Major |
* Muscle that moves glenohumeral joint Origin: medial 1/3 of clavicle, sternum, upper ribs Insertion: humerus (greater tubercle) Innervation: lateral and medial pectoral nerve Actions: adduction and medial rotation, as well as horizontal adduction of glenohumeral joint |
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Anterior Deltoid |
* Muscle that moves glenohumeral joint Origin: lateral 1/3 of clavicle Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus Innervation: axillary nerve Actions: flexios and abduction of glenohumeral joint, medial rotation |
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Middle Deltoid |
* Muscle that moves glenohumeral joint Origin: lateral and superior part of the acromion process Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus Innervation: axillary nerve Action: abduction of glenohumeral joint |
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Posterior Deltoid |
* Muscle that moves glenohumeral joint Origin: spine of scapula Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus Innervation: axillary nerve Actions: extension and abduction of glenohumeral joint, lateral rotation |
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Coracobrachialis |
* Muscle that moves glenohumeral joint Origin: apex of coracoid process of scapula Insertion: anteromedial middle shaft of humerus Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve Actions: flexion and adduction of glenohumeral joint |
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Triceps Brachii |
* Muscle that moves the elbow joint Origin: long head - infraglenoid tubercle of scapula lateral head - lateral and posterior proximal 1/2 of body of humerus medial head - distal 2/3 of medial and posterior surfaces of humerus Insertion: olecranon process of ulna Innervation: radial nerve Actions: extends elbow; long head also extends and adducts glenohumeral joint |
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Anconeus |
* Muscle that moves the elbow joint
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: olecranon process of ulna Innervation: radial nerve Actions: extends elbows |
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Biceps Brachii |
* Muscle that moves the elbow joint Origin: Short head - coracoid process of scapula Long head - supraglenoid tubercle of scapula Insertion: radial tuberosity Innervation: musculocutaneus nerve Actions: elbow flexion; forearm supination; long head flexes glenohumeral joint |
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Brachialis |
* Muscle that moves the elbow joint
Origin: distal, anterior half of humerus Insertion: ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve Actions: elbow flexion |
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Brachioradialis |
* Muscle that moves the elbow joint
Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Insertion: styloid process of radius Innervation: radial nerve Actions: flexes elbow, supinates and pronates the forearm back to the mid-position |
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Supinator |
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: lateral, proximal shaft of radius Innervation: radial nerve Actions: supinates forearm |
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Pronator Teres |
* Muscle that moves the elbow joint
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus and coranoid process of ulna Insertion: medial side of the lateral surface of the radius Innervation: median nerve Actions: pronates forearm, flexes elbows |
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Pronator Quadratus |
Origin: anterior distal surface of ulna Insertion: anterior distal surface of radius Innervation: median nerve Actions: pronates forearm |
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Extensor Carpi Ulnaris |
* Muscle that moves the wrist Origin: common extensor tendon from lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: base of 5th metacarpal Innervation: radial nerve Actions: extends and adducts wrist |
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus |
* Muscle that moves the wrist
Origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Insertion: base of 2nd metacarpal Innervation: radial nerve Action: extends wrist, abducts wrist, flexes elbow |
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis |
* Muscle that moves the wrist
Origin: more distal on the radius Insertion: based of 3rd metacarpal Innervation: radial nerve Actions: extends, abducts wrist |
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Flexor Carpi Ulnaris |
* Muscle that moves the wrist
Origin: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: pisiform bone, hamate, and 5th metacarpal Innervation: ulnar nerve Actions: flexes and ulnarly deviates wrist; assists in elbow flexion |
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Flexor Carpi Radialis |
* Muscle that moves the wrist
Origin: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals Innervation: median nerve Actions: flexes wrist, abducts wrist, flexes elbow |
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Palmaris Longus |
Origin: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Flexor retinaculum Innervation: median nerve Actions: tenses palmar fascia |
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Flexor Digitorum Profundus |
* Muscle that moves the wrist Origin: anterior, middle ulna Insertion: the four tendons run into the bases of the distal phalanges Innervation: Index and middle - median nerve Ring and little - ulnar nerve Actions: flexes the following joints in fingers 2 (index) - 5 (little): wrist, MP, PIP, and DIP |
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Flexor Digitorum Superficialis |
Origin: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: sides of middle phalanges of the four fingers (not the thumb) Innervation: median nerve Actions: flexes the wrist and MP, PIP joints in the fingers (not the thumb) |
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Extensor Digitorum |
* Muscle that moves the wrist
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: extensor expansions of 4 digits and specifically into the base of the proximal phalynx Innervation: radial nerve Actions: extends the wrist and 4 fingers at MP joints; via attachment into the extensor expansion and in conjunction with the lumbricles and interossei also extend the PIP and DIP joints |
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Lumbricles |
Origin: 1st & 2nd - tendons of flexor digitorum profundus in index and middle fingers 3rd & 4th - tendons of flexor digitorum profundus in the ring and little fingers Insertion: radial border of the extensor expansions of 2-5th digits Innervation: Index & Middle - median nerve Ring & Little - ulnar nerve Actions: flex MP joints, extends PIP and DIP joints of fingers (not thumb) |
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Palmar Interossei |
Origin: along the shaft of the metacarpal bone of the digit on which they act Insertion: extensor expansions of 2,4,5 digits and bases of proximal phalanges Innervation: ulnar nerve Actions: adducts index, ring, and little fingers toward the axial line (middle finger); assists with PIP and DIP joint extension |
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Dorsal Interossei
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Origin: adjacent sides of 2 metacarpals Insertion: bases of proximal phalanges; extensor expansions of 2nd-4th digits Innervation: ulnar nerve Actions: abducts 2nd-4th digits; assists with PIP and DIP joint extension |
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Abductor Pollicis Longus |
Origin: posterior surface of proximal ulna and radius Insertion: base of the first metacarpal bone Innervation: radial nerve Actions: abducts and extends the CMC joint of the thumb, abducts (radially deviates) and flexes the wrist |
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Abductor Pollicis Brevis |
Origin: 2 lateral carpal bones (trapezium and scaphoid) Insertion: base of the proximal phalanx of thumb, radial side Innervation: median nerve Actions: abducts the CMC and MC joint, extends the IP joint of the thumb |
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Extensor Pollicis Longus |
Origin: posterior surface of middle 1/3 of ulna Insertion: dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb Innervation: radial nerve Actions: extends the IP and MCP joint of the thumb, assists with abduction and extension of the wrist |
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Extensor Pollicis Brevis |
Origin: posterior surface of distal third of radius Insertion: dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalynx of thumb Innervation: radial nerve Actions: extends and abducts the CMC and extends the MCP joints of the thumb; also assists in abduction of the wrist |
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Flexor Pollicis Longus |
Origin: anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseous membrane Insertion: base of distal phalanx of thumb Innervation: median nerve Actions: flexes IP joint of the thumb and assists in flexion of the MCP and CMC joints of the thumb |
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Flexor Pollicis Brevis |
Origin: 3 lateral carpal bones (trapezium, trapezoid, capitates) Insertion: Proximal phalanx of thumb Innervation: median and ulnar nerves Actions: flexes metacarpaphalangeal and carpometacarpal joints of the thumb; assists in opposition |
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Opponens Pollicis |
Origin: 1 lateral carpal bone (trapezium, and flexor retinaculum) Insertion: 1st metacarpal bone Innervation: median nerve Actions: opposes (flex, abduct, and IR) the carpometacarpal joint of thumb (touching the pads of digit 1 and 5) |
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Adductor Pollicis |
Origin: lateral carpal bone (capitate) and mid metacarpal bone (2&3) Insertion: medial proximal phalanx Innervation: ulnar nerve Actions: adducts the thumb at the carpometacarpal joint |
