Muscles Of The Upper Back And Arms

Front 1

Deltoid

Back 1

A: Abduct shoulder. Anterior fibers: flex shoulder, medially rotate, horizontally adduct. Posterior fibers: extend shoulder, laterally rotate, horizontally abduct.
O: lateral one-third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula.
I: Deltoid tuberosity

Front 2

Trapezius

Back 2

A: extend head and neck, laterally flex head and neck to same side, rotate head and neck to opposite side, elevate scapula, upwardly rotate scapula.
O: External occipital protuberance, medial portion of superior nuchal line of occiput, ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of c-7 through T-12.
I: Lateral one-third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

Front 3

Latissiumus Dorsi

Back 3

A: extend shoulder, adduct shoulder, medially rotate shoulder
O: inferior angle of scapula, spinous process of last six thoracic vertebrae, last three/four ribs, thoracolumbar aponeurosis and posterior iliac crest.
I: Intertubercular groove of humerus

Front 4

Teres Major

Back 4

A: Extend shoulder, adduct the shoulder, medially rotate
O: inferior angle and lower one-third of lateral border of scapula
I:Crest of lesser tubercle of humerus

Front 5

Supraspinatus

Back 5

A: abduct the shoulder, stabilize head of humerus in glenoid cavity
O: Supraspinous fossa of the scapula
I: Greater tubercle of the humerus

Front 6

Infraspinatus

Back 6

A: laterally rotate, adduct, stabilize
O: infraspinous fossa
I: Greater tubercle of humerous

Front 7

Teres Minor

Back 7

A: laterally rotate, shoulder adduction, stabilize
O: upper two-thirds of lateral border of scapula
I: Greater tubercle of humerus

Front 8

Subscapularis

Back 8

A: medially rotate shoulder, stabilize
O: Subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercle of humerus

Front 9

Rhomboid Major and Minor

Back 9

A: adduct scapula, elevate scapula, downwardly rotate scapula
O: Major: spinous processes of T-2 to T-5. Minor: Spinous processes of C-7 to T-1

Front 10

Levator scapula

Back 10

A: elevate scapula, downwardly rotate scapula, laterally flex head/neck, rotate head/neck to same side, extend head/neck
O: transverse processes of first through 4th cervical vert
I: Medial border of scapular, between superior angle and superior portion of spine of scapula

Front 11

Serratus Anterior

Back 11

A: abduct scapula, upwardly rotate scapula, depress scapula, hold medial border of scapula against rib cage
O: external surfaces of upper 8 or 9 ribs
I: Anterior surface of medial border of scapula

Front 12

Pectoralis Major

Back 12

A: adduct the shoulder, medially rotate, elevate thorax during forced inhalation. Upper fibers: flex, horizontal adduct. Lower fibers: Extend.
O: Medial half of clavicle, sternum and cartilage of 1st through 6th ribs
I: Crest of greater tubercle.

Front 13

Pectoralis Minor

Back 13

A: depress the scapula, abduct the scapula, downwardly rotate.
O: 3rd, 4th and 5th ribs.
I: Medial surface of coracoid process of scapula

Front 14

Biceps Brachii

Back 14

A: Flex the elbow, supinate the forearm, flex the shoulder.
O: Short head: coracoid process of scapula. Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula.
I: Tuberosity of the radius and aponeurosis of the biceps brachii

Front 15

Triceps Brachii

Back 15

A: Extend elbow. Long head: extend should, adduct shoulder.
O: Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula. Lateral head: posterior surface of proximal half of the humerus. Medial head: Posterior surface of distal half of the humerus.
I: Olecranon process of ulna

Front 16

Coracobrachialis

Back 16

A: flex shoulder, adduct shoulder.
O: Coracoid process of scapula
I: Medial suface of mid-humeral shaft

Front 17

Shoulder flexion

Back 17

Deltoid (anterior)
Pectoralis major (upper)
Biceps Brachii
Coracobrachialis

Front 18

Shoulder extension

Back 18

Deltoid (posterior)
latissimus dorsi
Teres major
Pectroalis major (lower)
Triceps brachii

Front 19

Horizontal abduction

Back 19

Deltoid (posterior)

Front 20

Horizontal adduction

Back 20

Deltiod (anterior)
Pects major (upper)

Front 21

Shoulder abduction

Back 21

Supraspinatus
Deltoid

Front 22

Shoulder adduction

Back 22

Lats
Teres major
Infraspinatus
Pactos major
Triceps
Coracobracialis

Front 23

Lateral rotation (shoulder)

Back 23

Deltoid (post)
Infraspinatus
Teres minor

Front 24

Medial rotation

Back 24

Deltoid (ant)
Lats
Teres Major
subscapularis
pectoralis major

Front 25

Scapula elevation

Back 25

Traps
Rhomboids
Levator scapula

Front 26

Scapula depression

Back 26

Traps
Serratus anterior
Pectoralis minor

Front 27

Scapula adduction

Back 27

traps
rhomboid

Front 28

Scapular abduction

Back 28

serratus anterior
pectoralis minor

Front 29

Upward rotation

Back 29

traps (upper)
serratus anterior

Front 30

Downward rotation

Back 30

rhomboids
levator scapula
pectoralis minor