Muscles Of The Body

Front 1

temporalis

Back 1

origin-tempoal fossa
insertion-coronoid process of mandible
action-closes jaw; elevates and retracts mandible

Front 2

Masseter

Back 2

origin-zygomatic arch and maxilla
insertion-angle and ramus of mancloses jaw and elevates mandibledible
action-

Front 3

Platysma

Back 3

origin-fascia of chest and deltoid
insertion-lower margin of mandible, skin, and muscle at corner of mouth
action-depresses mandible; pulls lower lip back and down

Front 4

Sternocleidomastoid

Back 4

origin-manubrium of sternum and medial portion of clavicle
insertion-mastoid process of temporal bone and superior nuchal line of the occipital bone
action-simultaneous contraction of both muscles of pair causes flexion of neck forward, generaly against resistance; acting independently, rotate head toward shoulder on opposite side

Front 5

Trapezious

Back 5

origin-occipital bone; ligamentum nuchae; spines of C7 and all thoracic vertebrae
insertion-acromion and spinous process of scapula; lateral third of clavicle

Front 6

Supraspinatus

Back 6

origin-supraspinous fossa of scapula
insertion-greater tubercle of humerous
action-assist abduction of humerous; stabilizes shoulder joint

Front 7

Infraspinatus

Back 7

origin-infraspinous fossa of scapula
insertion-greater tubercle of humerous
action-lateral rotation of humerous; helps hold head of humerous in glenoid cavity; stabalizes shoulder

Front 8

Teres minor

Back 8

origin-lateral margin of scapula
insertion-greater tubercle of humerous
action-as for infraspinatous

Front 9

Teres Major

Back 9

origin-posterior surface at inferior angle of scapula
insertion-intertubercular groove of humerous
action-extends, medially rotates, and adducts humerous; synergist of latissimus dorsi

Front 10

Rhomboids

Back 10

origin-spinous processes of C7 and T1-T5
insertion-medal border of scapula
action-pulls scapula medially; stabilizes scapula; rotates glenoid cavity downward

Front 11

Latissimus dorsi

Back 11

origin-indirestm attachment to spinous processes of lower six thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, last three to four ribs, and iliac crest
insertion-floor of intertubular groove of humerous
action-prime mover of arm extension; adducts and medially rotates arm; depresses scapula; brings arm down in power stroke, as in sstriking a blow

Front 12

Deltoid

Back 12

origin-lateral 1/3 of clavicle; acromion and spineof scapula
insertion-deltoid tuberosity of humerous
action- acting as a whole, prime mover of arm abduction; when only specific fibers are active, can aid in flexion,extension, and rotation of humerous

Front 13

Pectoralis minor

Back 13

origin-anterior surface of ribs 3-5, near their costal cartilages
insertion-coracoid process of scapula
action-with ribs fixed, draws scapula forward and inferiorly; with scapula fixed; draws rib cage superiorly

Front 14

Pectoralis major

Back 14

origin-clavicle, sternum, cartilage of ribs 1-6, and aponeurosis of external oblique muscle
insertion-fibers converge to insert by short tendon into intertubercular groove of humerous
action-prime mover of arm flexion; adducts, medially roates arm; with arm fixed, pulls chest upward

Front 15

Serratus anterior

Back 15

origin-lateral aspect of ribs 1-8
insertion-vertebral border of anterior surface of scapula
action-moves scapula forward toward chest wall; roates scapula, causing inferior angle to move laterally and upward; abduction and raising of arm

Front 16

External Intercostals

Back 16

origin-inferior border of ribabove
insertion-superior border of below
action-pulls ribs toward one another to elevate rib cage; aids in inspiration

Front 17

Internal Intercostals

Back 17

origin-superior border of rib below
insertion-inferior border of rib above
action-draws ribs together to depress rib cage; aids in forced expiration; antagonistic to external intercostals

Front 18

Triceps Brachii

Back 18

origin-long head-inferiormargin of glenoid cavity; lateral head-posterior humerous; medial head-distal radial groove on posterior humerour
insertion-olecranon process of ulna
action-powerful forearm extensor; antagonist of forearm flexors

Front 19

Biceps Brachii

Back 19

origin-short head; coracoid process; tendon on lond head runs in intertubular groove and within capsule of shoulder join
insertion-radial tuberosity
action-flexion of elbow and supination of forear; weak arm flexor

Front 20

Brachialis

Back 20

origin-distal portion of anterior humerous
insertion-coronoid process of ulna
action-a major flexor of forearm

Front 21

Rectus abdominis

Back 21

origin-pubic crest and symphysis
insertion-xiphoid process and costal cartilages of ribs 5-7
action-flexes and rotates vertebral column; increases abdominal pressure; fixes and depresses ribs; stabilizes pelvis during walking

Front 22

External oblique

Back 22

origin-anterior surface of last eight ribs
insertion- linea alba, pubic crest and tubercles, and iliac crest
action-flexes and rotates vertebral column; also aids muscles of back in trunk rotation and lateral flexion

Front 23

Internal oblique

Back 23

origin-lumbas fascia, iliac crest, and inguinal ligament
insertion-linea alba, pubic crest, and costall cartilages of last three ribs
action-as for external oblizue

Front 24

Transversus abdominis

Back 24

origin-inguinal ligament, iliac crest, cartilages of last five or six ribs, and lumbar fascia
insertion-linea alba and pubic crest
action-compresses abdominal contents

Front 25

Gluteus maximus

Back 25

origin-dorsal ilium, sacrum, and coccyx
insertion-gluteal tuberosity of femur and iliotibial tract
action-comlex, powerful thigh extensor;antagonist of iliopsoas; laterally rotates and abducts thigh

Front 26

Gluteus medius

Back 26

origin-upper lateral surface of ilium
insertion-greater trochanter of femur
action-abducts and medially rotates thigh; steadies pelvis during walking

Front 27

Gluteus minimus

Back 27

origin-external inferior surface of ilium
insertion-greater trochanter of femur
action-abducts and medially rotates thigh; steadies pelvis

Front 28

Tensor fasciae latae

Back 28

origin-anterior aspect of iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine
insertion-iliotibial tract
action-flexes, abducts, and medially rotates thigh; steadies trunk

Front 29

Sartorius

Back 29

origin-anterior superior iliac spine
insertion-by and aponeurosis into medial aspect of proximal tibia
action-flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee

Front 30

Adductor longus

Back 30

origin-pubis near pubic symphysis
insertion-linea aspera
action-adduct and medially rotate and flex thigh

Front 31

Adductor Brevis

Back 31

origin-body and inferiorramus of pubis
insertion-linea aspera
action-adduct and medially rotate and flex thigh

Front 32

Adductor magnus

Back 32

origin-ischial and pubic rami and ischial tuberosity
insertion-linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur
action-adduct and medially rotate and flex thigh; also a synergist in thigh extension

Front 33

Gracilis

Back 33

origin-inferior ramus and body of pubis
insertion-medial surface of tibia just inferior to medial condyle
action-adducts tigh; flexes and medially rotates leg, especially during walkin

Front 34

Recus femoris

Back 34

origin-anterior inferior iliac spine and superior margin of acetabulum
insertion-tilial tubersity and patella
action-extends knee and flexes thigh at hip

Front 35

Vastus lateralis

Back 35

origin-greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, and linea aspera
insertion-tibial tuberosity and patella
action-extends and stabilizes knee

Front 36

Vastus medialis

Back 36

origin-linea aspera and intertrochanteris line
insertion-tibial tuberosity and patella
action-extends knee; stabilizes patella

Front 37

Vastus intermedius

Back 37

origin-anterior and lateral surface of femur
insertion-tibial tuberosity and patella
action-estends knee

Front 38

Biceps femoris

Back 38

origin-ischial tuberosity; linea aspera and distal femur
insertion-tendon passes laterally to insert into head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
action-extends thigh; laterally rotates leg, flexes knee

Front 39

Semitendinosus

Back 39

origin-ischial tuberosity
insertion-medial aspect of uper tibial shaft
action- extends thigh; flexes knee. medially rotates leg

Front 40

Semimembranosus

Back 40

origin-ischial tuberosity
insertion-medial condyle of tibia; lateral condyle of femur
action-extends thigh; flexes knee; medially rotates leg

Front 41

Gastrocnemius

Back 41

origin-by two heads from medial and lateral condyles of femur
inseriton-calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
action-plantar fleses foot when knee is extended; crosses knee joint; thus can flex knee

Front 42

Soleus

Back 42

origin-proximal portion of tibia and fibula; interosseous membrane
insertion-calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
action-plantar flexion; is an important muscle for locomotion

Front 43

External Intercostals

Back 43

origin-inferior border of ribabove
insertion-superior border of below
action-pulls ribs toward one another to elevate rib cage; aids in inspiration

Front 44

Internal Intercostals

Back 44

origin-superior border of rib below
insertion-inferior border of rib above
action-draws ribs together to depress rib cage; aids in forced expiration; antagonistic to external intercostals

Front 45

Triceps Brachii

Back 45

origin-long head-inferiormargin of glenoid cavity; lateral head-posterior humerous; medial head-distal radial groove on posterior humerour
insertion-olecranon process of ulna
action-powerful forearm extensor; antagonist of forearm flexors

Front 46

Biceps Brachii

Back 46

origin-short head; coracoid process; tendon on lond head runs in intertubular groove and within capsule of shoulder join
insertion-radial tuberosity
action-flexion of elbow and supination of forear; weak arm flexor

Front 47

Brachialis

Back 47

origin-distal portion of anterior humerous
insertion-coronoid process of ulna
action-a major flexor of forearm

Front 48

Rectus abdominis

Back 48

origin-pubic crest and symphysis
insertion-xiphoid process and costal cartilages of ribs 5-7
action-flexes and rotates vertebral column; increases abdominal pressure; fixes and depresses ribs; stabilizes pelvis during walking

Front 49

External oblique

Back 49

origin-anterior surface of last eight ribs
insertion- linea alba, pubic crest and tubercles, and iliac crest
action-flexes and rotates vertebral column; also aids muscles of back in trunk rotation and lateral flexion

Front 50

Internal oblique

Back 50

origin-lumbas fascia, iliac crest, and inguinal ligament
insertion-linea alba, pubic crest, and costall cartilages of last three ribs
action-as for external oblizue

Front 51

Transversus abdominis

Back 51

origin-inguinal ligament, iliac crest, cartilages of last five or six ribs, and lumbar fascia
insertion-linea alba and pubic crest
action-compresses abdominal contents

Front 52

Gluteus maximus

Back 52

origin-dorsal ilium, sacrum, and coccyx
insertion-gluteal tuberosity of femur and iliotibial tract
action-comlex, powerful thigh extensor;antagonist of iliopsoas; laterally rotates and abducts thigh

Front 53

Gluteus medius

Back 53

origin-upper lateral surface of ilium
insertion-greater trochanter of femur
action-abducts and medially rotates thigh; steadies pelvis during walking

Front 54

Gluteus minimus

Back 54

origin-external inferior surface of ilium
insertion-greater trochanter of femur
action-abducts and medially rotates thigh; steadies pelvis

Front 55

Tensor fasciae latae

Back 55

origin-anterior aspect of iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine
insertion-iliotibial tract
action-flexes, abducts, and medially rotates thigh; steadies trunk

Front 56

Sartorius

Back 56

origin-anterior superior iliac spine
insertion-by and aponeurosis into medial aspect of proximal tibia
action-flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee

Front 57

Adductor longus

Back 57

origin-pubis near pubic symphysis
insertion-linea aspera
action-adduct and medially rotate and flex thigh