Muscles Of The Back

Front 1

Splenius

Back 1

oriantation: nuchal ligament and spinous proscess C7-t6
insertion: splenius capitus - mastoid process and nuchal line; cervicus - tubercles of transverse process C1-3/4
action: alone- lat flex neck and rotate head; togther - extend head and neck

Front 2

levator scapulae

Back 2

origin: post tubercles of transverse process C1-C4
insertion: superior angle of scapula
elevates scapula

Front 3

Rhomboideus Major/Minor

Back 3

origin: minor- nuchal ligament spinous process C7-T1; major - spinous process T2-5
insert: medial border of scapula
movement: retracts the scapula

Front 4

Trapezius

Back 4

origin: superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberence, nuchal ligament, spinous process C7-T12
insert: clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
movement: upper extermities

Front 5

latissimus dorsi

Back 5

origin: spinous process inferior 6 throacic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inferior 3 or 4 ribs
insert: humerus
movement: extends, adducts, roatest humerus

Front 6

serratus posterior anterior

Back 6

origin: nuchal ligament, spinous process C7-T3
insert: superior boarders of 2nd-4th rib
movement: elevates upper ribs

Front 7

serratus posterior inferior

Back 7

origin: spinous process T11-L2
insert: inferior borders of 8th-12th rib
movement: depress lower ribs

Front 8

illiocostalis (erector spinae muscle)

Back 8

origin: sacrum, iliac crest and lumbar vertebrae
insert: ribs and C4-6
movement: extends the spine
true back muscle

Front 9

longissimus (erector spinae)

Back 9

origin: sacrum, iliac crest, lumbar vertebrae
insert: ribs, cevical transverse process, mastoid
movement: extends the back
true back muscle

Front 10

spinalsis (erector spinae)

Back 10

origin: iliac crest, sacrum, lumbar vertebra
insert: spinous process
movement: extends the spine
true back muscle

Front 11

semispinalsis (transversospinalsis)

Back 11

origin: transverse process C4-T12
insert: thoracis, cervics, capitis - spans 5 vertebrae
movement: extends head, thoracic and cervical regions and rotates them contralaterally
true muscle

Front 12

multipfidus (transversospinalis)

Back 12

origin: posterior sacrum, iliac spine, sacro-iliac ligaments, mamillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, transverse process T1-3, articular process C4-7
insert: thickest in lumbar, spans 3 vertebrae
movement: stabilizes vertebrae

Front 13

rotatores (transversospinalis)

Back 13

origin: transverse process of vertebrae - best developed thoracic
insert: spans one vertebrae attaches to spinous process
movement: stabilizes, extension and rotation