Muscles Lab Exam

Front 1

skeletal

Back 1

long, cylindrical, unbranched cells
paralell tissue sections
striations
multiple nuclei per cell near plasma membrane

Front 2

cardiac

Back 2

short branched cells

less parallel tissue sections
striations
intercalated disks
single nucleus per cell (centrally located) surrounded by light zone (glycogen)

Front 3

smooth

Back 3

short fusiform cells
non-striated
one nucleus per cell
centrally located

Front 4

rotator cuff

Back 4

SITS
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
suprascapularis

Front 5

quadriceps femoris

Back 5

rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius

Front 6

hamstrings

Back 6

biceps femoris, semitendonosis
semimembranosis

Front 7

anconeus
action:

Back 7

extends forearm at the elbow

Front 8

deltoid

origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 8

O: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromoin and spine of scapula

I: deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

action:
anterior fibers: flexes and medially rotates the humerus

middle fibers: primary abductor at the shoulder

posterior fibers: extends and laterally rotates the arm

innervation: axillary nerve

Front 9

infraspinatus

origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 9

O: infraspinous fossa of the scapula

I: greater tubercle of the humerus

actions: adducts and laterally rotates the humerus

innervation: suprascapular nerve

Front 10

latissimus dorsi
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 10

O: spinous processes of T7-L5, ribs 8-12 and iliac crest

I: intertubercular groove of the humerus

action: extends, adducts and medially rotates the humerus

innervation: thoracodorsal nerve

Front 11

levator scapulae
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 11

O: transverse processes of C1-C4
I: superior part of medial border of scapula
action: elevates and inferiorly rotates the scapula

innervation: cervical spinal nerves and dorsal scapular nerve

Front 12

rhomboid major
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 12

O: spinous process of T2-T5
I: medial border of the scapula
action: elevates , adducts and inferiorly rotates the scapula
innervation: dorsal scapular nerve

Front 13

rhomboid minor
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 13

O: spinous processes of C7-T1
I: medial border of the scapula
actions: elevates, adducts and inferiorly rotates scapula

innervaton: dorsal scapular nerve

Front 14

suprspinatus
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 14

O: supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of the humerus
action: abducts arm
innervation: suprascapular nerve

Front 15

teres major
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 15

O: inferior 1/3 of lateral border of scapula
I: intertubercular groove of the humerus
action: extend, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus
innervation: lower scapular nerve

Front 16

teres minor
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 16

O: superior lateral border of the scapula
I: greater tubercle of the humerus
action: laterally rotates humerus
innervation: axillary nerve

Front 17

trapezius
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 17

O: occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, & spinous processes of C7 - T12
I: clavicle, acromion process and spine of scapula
action:
superior: elevates and superiorly rotates scapula
middle: adducts scapula
inferior: depresses scapula

innervation: accessory nerve (XII) and cervical spinal nerves

Front 18

triceps
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 18

O:
long head: inferior to glenoid cavity of scapula
lateral head: posterior superior (above radial groove) humerus above radial humerus
medial head: posterior inferior (below radial groove) humerus

I: olecranon process of ulna

action: primary extensor of forearm
the long head also extends and adducts the arm
innervation: radial nerve

Front 19

origin of triceps long head

Back 19

O:
long head: inferior to glenoid cavity of scapula

Front 20

origin of triceps lateral head

Back 20

lateral head: posterior superior (above radial groove) humerus above radial humerus

Front 21

origin of triceps medial head

Back 21

medial head: posterior inferior (below radial groove) humerus

Front 22

splenius capitis
action:

Back 22

extends and rotates the head

Front 23

seminspinalis capitis
action:

Back 23

extend head

Front 24

splenius cervicis
action:

Back 24

extends cervical and thoracic spines

Front 25

longissimus capitis (cant see, seep)
action:

Back 25

extends head

Front 26

extensor carpi radialis longus
action:

Back 26

extends and abducts wrist and hand

Front 27

extensor carpi radialis brevis
action:

Back 27

extends and abducts wrist and hand

Front 28

extensor digitorum communis
action:

Back 28

extends hands at wrist and digist I-V

Front 29

extensor carpi ulnaris
action:

Back 29

extends and adducts wrist and hand

Front 30

extensor pollicis longus
action:

Back 30

extends thumb and wrist weakly

Front 31

extensor pollicis longus
action:

Back 31

extends thumb and wrist weakly

Front 32

extensor pollicis brevis
action

Back 32

extends thumb

Front 33

supinator
action

Back 33

supinates forearm

Front 34

skeletal muscle

Back 34

regular striations (Z, M, H bands)

peripherally located elongated nucleus

Front 35

cardiac muscle

Back 35

striated - dark, thick striations
intercalated discs - gap junctions between cardiac muscle fibers
symmetric nucleus in center of muscle fiber

Front 36

smooth muscle

Back 36

controls ANS
not striated
irregular pattern
randomly distributed nuclei

Front 37

gluteus maximus
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 37

O: iliac crest, sacrum and coccyx
I: gluteal tuberosity of femur and IT band
action: extends and laterally rotates thigh at the hip
innervation: inferior gluteal nerve

Front 38

gluteus medius
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 38

O: iliac crest, lateral surface of ilium
I: greater trochanter of the femur
action: abducts and medially rotates thigh at the hip
innervation: superior gluteal nerve

Front 39

gluteus minimus
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 39

O: lateral surface of the ilium
I: greater trochanter of the femur
action: abducts and medially rotates the thigh at the hip
innervation: superior gluteal nerve

Front 40

gracilis
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 40

O: inferior edge of teh symphysis pubis
I: proximal, medial surface of the tibia
action: adducts thigh at the hip, medial rotation at hip
innervation: obturator nerve

Front 41

biceps frmoris long head
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 41

O: ischial tuberosity
I: head of fibula
action: flexes leg at the knee; extends and laterally rotates thigh
innervation: sciatic nerve, tibial branch

Front 42

biceps femoris short head
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 42

O: linea aspera of femur
I: head of the fibula
action: flexes leg at the knee
innervation: sciatic nerve, common peroneal (fibular) branch

Front 43

semitendinosis
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 43

O: iscial tuberosity
I: proximal, medial tibia
action: flexes leg at the knee; extends and medially rotates thigh at hip

innervation: sciatic nerve

Front 44

semimembranosis
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 44

O: iscial tuberosity
I: medial condyle of the tibia
action: extends thigh, flexes leg and medially rotates leg
innervation: sciatic nerve

Front 45

gastrocnemius
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 45

O: posterior femoral condyles

I: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

action: flexes leg at the knee; plantarflexes foot at the ankle

innervation: tibial nerve

Front 46

soleus
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 46

O: posterior aspect of the fibula and tibia
I: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

action: plantarflexes foot at the ankle

innervatoin: sciatic nerve

Front 47

peroneus longus
action:

Back 47

plantarflexes and everts foot at the ankle

Front 48

peroneus brevis
action

Back 48

plantarflex and evert foot at the ankle

Front 49

extensor digitorum longus
action:

Back 49

extends digist II-V; dorsiflex foot at the ankle

Front 50

adductor magnus
action:

Back 50

adducts, flexes and laterally rotates thigh at him

Front 51

piriformus
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 51

O: anterior lateral sacrum
I: greater trochanter of femur
action: laterally rotates and abducts thigh at hip
innervation: sacral nerves

Front 52

popliteus
action:

Back 52

flexes leg at knee, rotates leg medially

Front 53

flexor digiorum longus
action:

Back 53

flexes distal phalanges II-V

Front 54

sternocleidomastoid
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 54

O: manubrium and clavicle
I: mastoid process of temporal bone
action: flexes and oppositely rotates head
innervation: accessory nerve

Front 55

serratus anterior
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 55

O: anterior, superior margins of first eight ribs
I: medial border of the scapula
action: protracts scapula and superiorly rotates the scapula

innervation: long thoracic nerve

Front 56

pectoralis major
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 56

O: claivcle, sternum and costal cartilages of fribs 2-6
I: intertubercular groove of the humerus
actioN: primar brachial flexor, adducts and medially rotates arm
innervation: pectoral nerves

Front 57

pectoralis minor
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 57

O: ribs 3-5
I: coracoid process of the scapula
action: protracts and depresses the scapula
innnervation: medial pectoral nerve

Front 58

biceps brachii
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 58

O: long head - supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
short head - coracoid process of the scapula

I: radial tuberosity

action: long head flexes the brachium
both head flex the forearm; supinates forearm

innervation: musculocutaneous nerve

Front 59

brachialis
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 59

O: distal anterior humerus
I: ulnar tuberosity
action: flexes the arm at the elbow
innervation: musculocutaneous nerve

Front 60

brachioradialis
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 60

O: lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus

I: styloid process of radius

action: flexes the arm at the elbow

Front 61

brachioradialis
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 61

O: lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus

I: styloid process of the radius

action: flexes the arm at the elbow

innervatoin: radial nerve

Front 62

coracobrachialis
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 62

O: coracoid process of the scapula

I: medial, middle 1/3 of humerus

action:adducts and flexes arm

innervation: musculocutaneous nerve

Front 63

pronator teres
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 63

O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: lateral surface of radius

action: pronates forearms, flex elbow

innervation: median nerve

Front 64

pronator quadratus
origin
insertion
action

Back 64

O: distal 1/4 of ulna
I: distal 1/4 of radius
protates forearm

Front 65

rectus abdominis
action

Back 65

flexes vertebral column

Front 66

external abdominal oblique
action

Back 66

lateraly rotates and flexes vertebral column

Front 67

internal abdominal oblique
action

Back 67

laterally rotates and flexes vertebral column

Front 68

flexor carpi ulnaris
action

Back 68

flexes and adducts wrist

Front 69

flexor carpi radialis
action

Back 69

flexes and ABducts wrist

Front 70

palmaris longus
action

Back 70

flexes wrist

Front 71

superficial digital flexor
action

Back 71

flexes wrist and digits

Front 72

tensor fascia latae
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 72

O: anterior border of the ilium and iliac crest

I: iliotibial tract

action: flexes hiop jiont, abducts and medially rotates femur

innervation: superior gluteal nerve

Front 73

pectineus
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 73

O: pubis

I: lesser trochanter fo the femur

action: adducts and laterally rotates femur, flexes hip

innervation: femoral nerve

Front 74

adductor longus
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 74

O: pubis

I: linea aspera of the femur

action: adducts and flexes thigh

innervation: obturator nerve

Front 75

sartorius
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 75

O: anterior superior iliac spine
I: medial surface tibial tuberosity
action: flexes and laterally rotates thigh, flexes and medial rotate leg

innervation: femoral nerve

Front 76

vastus lateralis
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 76

O: greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur

I: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

action: extends leg at the knee

innervation: femoral nerve

Front 77

vastus medialis
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 77

O: linea aspera of femur

I: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

action: extends leg at the knee

innervation:femoral nerve

Front 78

vastus intermedius
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 78

O: anterolateral surface of the femur

I: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

action: extends leg at theknee

innervation: femoral nerve

Front 79

rectus femoris
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 79

O: anterior inferior iliac spine

I: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon

action: extends lega tthe knee, flexes hip

innervation: femoral nerve

Front 80

tibialis anterior
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 80

O: lateral epicondyle fo the tibia
I: first metatarsal and first cuneiform

action: dorsiflex ankle, inverst foot

innervation: deep fibular nerve

Front 81

tibialis posterior
origin
insertion
action
innervation

Back 81

O: lateral posterior aspect of tibia and fibula
I: navicular, cuboid, cuneiforms and metatarsals II-IV
action: plantarflex and invert foot

innervatoin: sciatic nerve

Front 82

iliopsoas
action

Back 82

flex femur at hip

Front 83

orbicularis oris
origin

action

Back 83

O: sphincter around mouth
action: closes and protrudes lips

Front 84

orbicularis oculi
origin

action

Back 84

O: sphincter around eye
closes eyelids

Front 85

zygomaticus (major and minor)
origin
insertion
action

Back 85

O: zygomatic bone
I: angle of mouth
action: raises angle of mouth - smile

Front 86

risorius
origin
insertion
action

Back 86

O: fascia of masseter muscle
I: angle of mouth

draws angle of mouth laterally as in tenseness

Front 87

buccinator
origin
insertion
action

Back 87

O: alveoli of mandible and maxillae
I: orbicularis oris

compress cheek; blowing and sucking

Front 88

platysma
origin
insertion
action

Back 88

O: fascia over deltoid and pectoralis major muscles

I:mandible , skin of chin and cheek

depress mandible: tenses skin of neck

Front 89

frontalis
origin
insertion
action

Back 89

O: galea aponeurotica
I: skin of forehead

raise eyebrow, wrinkels forehead, draws scalp foreword

Front 90

occipitalis
origin
insertion
action

Back 90

O: occipital bone
I: galea sponeurotica

draws scalp backward

Front 91

masseter
origin
insertion
action

Back 91

O: zygomatic arch
I: ramus of mandible

elevates mandible

Front 92

temporalis
origin
insertion
action

Back 92

O: temporal line

I: coronoid process of mandible

elevates and retracts mandible

Front 93

digastric (floor of the oral cavity)
origin
insertion
action

Back 93

O: inner surface of lower border of mandible (chin); mastoid process of temporal bone
I: hyoid bone

elevates hyoid and larynx, depresses mandible

Front 94

muscles of mastication

Back 94

masseter
temporalis
digastric

Front 95

muscles of facial expression

Back 95

orbicularis oris
orbicularis oculi
zygomaticus major and minor
risorius
buccinator
platysma
frontalis
occipitalis