Muscles Block 1

Front 1

Superficial muscles of the back (TRL)

Back 1

1. Trapezius
2. Rhomboids
3. Latissimus dorsi

Front 2

Middle muscles of the back (LS)

Back 2

1. Levator scapulae
2. Serratus

Front 3

Deep muscles of the back (SETS)

Back 3

1. Splenius
2. Semispinalis
3. Erector spinae
4. Transversospinalis

Front 4

Trapezius
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 4

-Base of skull, nuchal line, C7-T12
-Clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
-Rotate, retract, elevate scapula
-Accessory n.
-Transverse cervical a.

Front 5

Rhomboid major
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 5

-T2-T5
-Medial border of scapula
-Protract, retract scapula
-Dorsal scap n.
-Dorsal scap a.

Front 6

Rhomboid minor
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 6

-Nuchal ligament, C7-T1
-Medial border of scapula
-Protract scapula medially
-DS n.
-DS a.

Front 7

Latissimus dorsi
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 7

-Spines of lower 6 thoracic vertebrae, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
-Bicipital groove of humerus
-Adduct, extend, medially rotate arm
-Thoracodorsal n.
-Thoarcodorsal a.

Front 8

Levator scapulae
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 8

-Transverse process C1-C4
-Superior angle of scapula
-Elevate scapula, tilt glenoid inferiorly
-Dorsal scapular n.
-Dorsal scapula a.

Front 9

Serratus anterior
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 9

-Lateral upper 8 ribs
-Medial border of scapula
-Abduct scapula with arm, protract scapula, elevate arm above horizontal
-Long thoracic n.
-Long thoracic a.

Front 10

Serratus posterior superior
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 10

-Nuchal line, C7-T3
-Ribs 2-5
-Elevate ribs
-Intercostal n.
-Intercostal a.

Front 11

Serratus posterior inferior
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 11

-T11-L2
-Ribs 2-5
-Depress lower ribs
-Intercostal
-Intercostal

Front 12

Splenius capitis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 12

-Bottom of nuchal ligament, top thoracic vertebrae
-Mastoid process, occipital bone
-Largest extensor of neck, lateral flexion & rotation
-DPR oc C3, C4

Front 13

Splenius cervicis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 13

-Spinous process T3-T4
-Transverse process C1-C3
-Extension, flexion, rotation
-DPR lower cervical
-Transverse cervical a.

Front 14

Semispinalis capitis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 14

-Spinous process of cervical vertebrae
-base of skull
-Extend head
-Greater occipital n.

Front 15

Erector spinae muscles (I Love Spine)

Back 15

1. Iliocostalis
2. Longissimus
3. Spinalis

Front 16

Iliocostalis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 16

-Iliac crest, sacrum
-Lower ribs, cervical transverse process
-Extend vertebral column
-DPR
-Intercostal/lumber a.

Front 17

Logissimus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 17

-Transverse/spinous process
-Ribs, transverse process in thoracic and cervical, mastoid process
-Extend/laterally bend
-DPR C1-S5
-Deep cervical a, intercostals, lumbar

Front 18

Spinalis
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 18

-Lumbar
-Spinous process in upper thoracic region, cranium
-Stabilize
-DPR

Front 19

Boundaries of suboccipital triangle

Back 19

1. Obliquus capitis superior
2. Obliquus capitis inferior
3. Rectus capitis posterior major

Front 20

Sternocleidomastoid
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 20

-Sternum, clavical
-Mandible, nuchal line
-Tilt, rotate, extend neck
-Accessory
-Occipital, superior thyroid

Front 21

Posterior Scalene
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 21

-Transverse process of middle cervical vertebrae
-2nd rib
-Flex neck laterally, forced inspiration
-VPR C7 & C8

Front 22

Middle Scalene
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 22

-Transverse process of C4-C7
-1st rib
-Flex neck laterally, force inspiration
-VPR cervical n.

Front 23

Anterior scalene
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 23

-Middle cervical verebrae
-First rib
-Flex neck, forced inspiration
-C4-C6

Front 24

Omohyoid
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 24

-Superior border of scapula
-Inferior border of hyoid
-Depress, steady hyoid
-C1-C3 Ansa cervicalis

Front 25

Pectoralis major
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 25

-Sternum/rib cartilage
-Intertubercle groove
-Adduct, medially rotate humerus
-Lateral and medial pectoral n
-Pectoral branch of thoracoacromial

Front 26

Pec minor
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 26

-Anterior medial ribs
-Coracoid process
-Medial pectoral n
Pectoral brancch

Front 27

Muscles of Rotator Cuff (SITS)

Back 27

1. Supraspinatus
2. Infraspinatus
3. Teres minor
4. Subscapularis

Front 28

Supraspinatus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 28

-Supraspinous fossa
-Proximal head of humerus
-Helps deltoid abduct + RC
-Suprascapular n
-Suprascapular a

Front 29

Infraspinatus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 29

-Infraspinous fossa
-Head of humerus, below supra
-Laterally rotate arm + RC
-Suprascapular n
-Suprascapular a

Front 30

Subscapularis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 30

-Subscapular fossa
-Head of humerus
-Medially rotate and adduct arm + RC
-Upper and lower subscapular
-Subscapular a., transverse cervical

Front 31

Teres minor
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 31

-Lateral aspect of scapula
-Head of humerus
-Laterally rotate arm +RC
-Axillary
-Posterior circumflex humeral & circumflex scapular

Front 32

Teres Major
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 32

-Inferior angle of scapula
-Humerus
-Adduct, medially rotate arm
-Lower subscapular n
-Subscapular, circumflex scapular

Front 33

Deltoid
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 33

-Clavicle, scapular spine, acromion
-Mid humerus
-Abduct, flex, extend shoulder
-Axillary
-Posterior circumflex humeral

Front 34

Subclavius
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 34

-1st rib
-middle 1/3 of clavicle
-N2S
-Anchor and depress scapula

Front 35

Coracobrachialis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 35

-Coracoid process
-Middle 1/3 of humerus
-Flex, adduct arm
-Musculocutaneous
-Brachial a

Front 36

Triceps Long Head
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 36

-Infraglenoid tubercle
-Olecranon
-Extensor arm
-Radial
-Deep brachial

Front 37

Triceps Lateral Head
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 37

-Radial groove
-Olecranon
-Extensor forearm
-Radial
-Deep brachial

Front 38

Triceps medial head
O:
-Separation from lateral head

Back 38

-Inferior radial groove
-Radial n.

Front 39

Brachialis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 39

-Distal humerus
-Coronoid process
-Flexor forearm
-Musculocutaneous
-Radial recurrent

Front 40

Biceps brachii long head
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 40

-Supraglenoid tubercle
-Radial tuberosity
-Flex, supinate
-Musculocutaneous
-Brachial

Front 41

Biceps brachii short head
-O

Back 41

-Coracoid process

Front 42

3 muscles to the digits

Back 42

1. Extensor digitorum
2. Extensor digiti minimi
3. Extensor indicis

Front 43

Extensor digitorum
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 43

-Lateral epicondyle
-Extensor expansion
-Extend medial 4 fingers at MP joint
-Posterior interosseous (radial)

Front 44

Extensor digit minimi
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 44

-Lateral epicondyle
-Extensor expansion of pinky
-Extend 5th digit at MP
-Posterior interosseous (radial)

Front 45

Extensor indicis
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 45

-Distal ulna & interosseous membrane
-Extensor expansion of 2nd digit
-Extend digit at MP, extend wrist
-Posterior interosseous (radial)

Front 46

3 muscles to wrists

Back 46

1. Extensor carpi radialis longus
2. Extensor carpi radialis brevis
3. Extensor carpi ulnaris

Front 47

Extensor carpi radialis longus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 47

-lateral epicondyle
-Dorsal 2nd metacarpal
-Extend, abduct hand at wrist
-Radial n
-Radial a.

Front 48

Extensor carpi radialis brevis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 48

-Lateral epidcondyle
-Dorsal base of 2nd metacarpal
-Fist clenching
-Radial
-Radial

Front 49

Extensor carpi ulnaris
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 49

-Lateral epicondyle, posterior border of ulna
-Dorsal base of 5th metacarpal
-Extend, adduct hand at wrist
-Radial

Front 50

3 muscles controlling thumb

Back 50

1.Extensor pollicis longus
2. Extensor pollicis brevis
3. Abductor pollicis longus

Front 51

Extensor pollicis longus
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 51

-Posterior middle ulna, interosseous membrane
-Dorsal base of DIP
-Extend DIP
-Radial n

Front 52

Extensor pollicis brevis
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 52

-Posterior distal 1/3 of radius & interosseous membrane
-Dorsal base of PIP
-Extend MP joint
-Radial

Front 53

Abductor pollicis longus
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 53

-Posterior proximal ulna, radius, interosseous membrane
-Base of 1st metacarpal
-Abduct thumb, extend carpometacarpal joint

Front 54

Anconeous
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 54

-Lateral epicondyle
-Lateral olecranon
-Assist triceps
-Radial

Front 55

Supinator
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 55

-Lateral eipcondyle, collateral ligament
-Proximal 1/3 of radius
-Supination
-Radial

Front 56

Superficial layer of flexor forearm (5)

Back 56

1. Pronator teres
2. Flexor carpi ulnaris
3. Palmaris longus
4. Flexor carpi radialis
5. Brachioradialis

Front 57

Pronator teres
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 57

-Coronoid process and medial epicondyle
-Middle radius
-Pronate/flex
-Median n.

Front 58

Flexor carpi ulnaris
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 58

-Olecranon & posterior border via aponeurosis
-Pisiform, hook, 5th metacarpal
-Flex, adduct hand at wrist
-Ulnar n.

Front 59

Palmaris longus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 59

-Medial epicondyle
-Distal 1/2 of flexor retinaculum
-Flex hand at wrist
-Median

Front 60

Flexor carpi radialis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 60

-Medial epicondyle
-Based of 2nd metacarpal
-Flex abduct hand
-Median n

Front 61

Brachioradialis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 61

-Lateral supracondular ridge
-Lateral distal radius
-Weak flexion
-Radial
-Radial recurrent

Front 62

Middle Layer of Flexor Forearm (1)

Back 62

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Front 63

Flexor digitorum superficialis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 63

-Medial epicondyle & radius
-Middle phalanx of medial 4 digits
-Flexes PIP
-Median

Front 64

Deep layer of flexors (3)

Back 64

1. Flexor digitorum profundus
2. Flexor pollicis longus
3. Pronator quadratus

Front 65

Flexor digitorum profundus
-O
-I
-A
-N
--
--
-V

Back 65

-Proximal ulna, interosseous membrane
-Base of DIP
-Flex DIP
--Medial 1.5 - Ulnar
--Lateral 2.5 - median

Front 66

Flexor pollicis longus
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 66

-Radius
-Base of distal phalanx
-Median (anterior interosseous)

Front 67

Pronator quadratus
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 67

-Distal 1/4 of ulna
-Distal 1/4 of radius
-Pronation
-Median (anterior interosseous)

Front 68

Lumbricals
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 68

-Tendon of flexor digitorum profundus
-Extensor expansion of PIP
-MP joint flexion, PIP/DIP extension
--Medial (3 & 4): Ulnar
--Lateral (1 & 2): Median
-Palmar arch

Front 69

Interossei
-Number of dorsal
-Number of Palmar

Back 69

-4
-3

Front 70

Palmar interossei
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 70

-Palmar surface of digits 2, 4, 5 metacarpals
- PIP extensor expansion
-Adduct digits 2, 4, 5 toward 3rd digit
-Ulnar
-Dorsal metacarpal a

Front 71

Dorsal Interossei
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 71

-Metacarpals 2-5
-PIP (extensor expansion)
-Abducting digits away from 3rd digit
-Ulnar
-Dorsal metacarpal

Front 72

3 muscles of thenar eminence

Back 72

1. Abductor pollicis brevis
2. Flexor pollicis brevis
3. Opponens pollicis

Front 73

Abductor pollicis brevis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 73

-Flexor retinaculum, scaphoid, trapezium
-Lateral MP of thumb
-Median (recurrent)
-Superficial palamar arch

Front 74

Flexor pollicis brevis
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 74

-Flexor retinaculum
-Lateral MP
-Flex thumb
-Median

Front 75

Opponens pollicis
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 75

-Flexor retinaculum, scaphoid, trapezium
-Lateral 1st metacarpal
-Median

Front 76

Adductor pollicis
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 76

-Capitate, base of metacarpal 2 & 3
-Medial base of PIP
-Adduct thumb
-Ulnar

Front 77

3 muscles of hypothenar eminence

Back 77

1. Abductor digiti minimi
2. Flexor digiti minimi brevis
3. Opponens digiti minimi

Front 78

Abductor digiti minimi
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 78

-Pisiform
-Medial MP
-Abduct pinky
-Ulnar

Front 79

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 79

-Hook of hamate, flexor retinaculum
-Medial MP
-Flex pinky
-Ulnar

Front 80

Opponens Digiti minimi
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 80

-Hook of hamate, flexor retinaculum
-Medial 5th metacarpal
-Draws pinky anterior and rotates
-Ulnar