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90 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pec Major |
-Flexes, adducts and medially rotates shoulder at glenohumeral joint -Medial and lateral pectoral nerves (C5-T1) |
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Pec minor |
-depresses scapula and hence shoulder -protracts scapula -medial pectoral nerves (C8,T1) |
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Subclavius |
-pulls clavicle medially to stabilise the sternoclavicular joint -nerve to subclavius (C5,C6) |
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Intercostal muscles |
-Roles in breathing- External contract on inhalation, internal and innermost contract on expiration -Corresponding intercostal nerves (T1-T11) |
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The breast |
2nd-6th intercostal nerves nipple is innervated by the 4th intercostal nerve |
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Stylohyoid |
-Pulls hyoid bone in a posterosuperior direction -Facial nerve [VII] |
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Digastric |
-Anterior belly-opens mouth by lowering mandible, raises the hyoid bone -Mylohyoid nerve (alveolar branch of mandibular nerve) [V3] -Posterior belly- pulls hyoid bone in a posterosuperior direction -Facial nerve [VII] |
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Mylohyoid |
-Supports and elevates floor of mouth -Raises hyoid bone -Mylohyoid nerve (alveolar branch of mandibular nerve) [V3] |
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Geniohyoid |
-Fixed mandible- raises hyoid bone upward and outward -Fixed hyoid bone- pulls the mandible downwards and inwards -branches from anterior rami of C1 |
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Sternohyoid |
-Strap muscle -Depresses hyoid bone when swallowing -anterior rami of C1-C3 through the ansa cervicalis |
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Omohyoid |
-Strap muscle -Depresses and fixes hyoid bone -Anterior rami of C1-C3 through the ansa cervicalis |
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Thryohyoid |
-Strap muscle -depresses hyoid bone, when hyoid bone fixed it raises the larynx -Anterior rami of C1 (carried along by the hypoglossal nerve) |
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Sternothyroid |
-Draws the larynx downwards -Anterior rami of C1-C3 through the ansa cervicalis |
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Sternocleidomastoid |
-Draws head forward -C2, C3 and the accessory nerve [XI] |
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Trapezius |
-When arm is abducted above horizontal, assists in rotating the scapula: -Upper fibres= elevate -Middle fibres= adduct -Lower fibres= depress -Motor- accessory nerve [XI] -Pain and proprioception- C3, C4 |
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Levator scapulae |
-Elevates scapula -C3, C4 and dorsal scapular nerve (C5) |
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Anterior scalene |
-Elevates rib one -anterior rami of C4-C7 |
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Middle scalene |
-Elevates rib one -anterior rami of C3-C7 |
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Posterior scalene |
-Elevates rib 2 -anterior rami of C5-C7 |
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Deltoid |
-Major abductor of the arm above 15 degrees (which is done by the supraspinatus) -clavicular fibres= assist in flexing arm -posterior fibres= assist in extending arm -Axillary nerve (C5,C6) |
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Rhomboid major |
-Elevates and retracts the scapula -Dorsal scapular nerve (C5) |
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Rhomboid minor |
-Elevates and retracts the scapula -Dorsal scapular nerve (C5) |
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Supraspinatus |
-Rotator cuff -initial abduction of humerus up to 15 degrees -Suprascapular nerve (C5,C6) |
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Infraspinatus |
-Rotator cuff -lateral rotation of arm at the glenohumeral joint -Suprascapular nerve (C5,C6) |
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Teres minor |
-Rotator cuff -lateral rotation of arm at glenohumeral joint -Axillary (C5,C6) |
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Teres major |
-extends and medially rotates arm at glenohumeral joint -Inferior subscapular (C5,C6) |
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Triceps brachii |
-Extends the forearm at the elbow joint -Long head is an accessory extensor and adductor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint -Radial nerve (C6,C7,C8) |
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Serratus anterior |
-protracts and rotates scapula -keeps medial border and inferior angle of scapular attached to thoracic wall -long thoracic nerve (C5,C6,C7) |
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Subscapularis |
-Rotator cuff -medial rotation of arm at glenohumeral joint -Superior and inferior subscapular nerves (C5,C6) |
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Latissimus dorsi |
-Extends, adducts and medially rotates the arm at the glenohumeral joint -Thoracodorsal nerve (C7,C8) |
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Biceps brachii |
-Powerful flexor of the forearm -supinator of the forearm -accessory flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint -Musculocutaneous nerve (C5,C6) |
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Coracobrachialis |
-Flexes the arm at the glenohumeral joint -Adducts arm -Muculocutaneous nerve (C5,C6,C7) |
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Brachialis |
-Flexes the forearm at the elbow joint -Musculocutaneous nerve (C5,C6) -Small contribution to the lateral part by the radial nerve (C7) |
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Flexor carpi ulnaris |
-Flexes the wrist -Adducts the wrist -Ulnar nerve (C8,T1) |
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Palmaris longus |
-Flexes the wrist -Anchors the palmar aponeurosis to hand and therefore opposes shearing forces when gripping -Median nerve (C7,C8) |
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Flexor carpi radialis |
-Flexes the wrist -Abducts the wrist -Median nerve (C6,C7) |
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Pronator teres |
-Pronation -Median nerve (C6,C7) |
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Brachioradialis |
Flexor of the forearm when it is midpronated -Radial nerve (C5,C6) before it branches into superficial and deep |
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Flexor digitorum superficialis |
-Flexes the wrist, metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints OF THE FOUR FINGERS -Median nerve (C8,T1) |
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Flexor digitorum profundus |
-Flexes the wrist, metacapophalangeal, proximal and distal interphalangeal joints OF THE FOUR FINGERS -Median nerve laterally (C8,T1) -Ulnar nerve medially (C8,T1) |
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Flexor Pollicus longus |
-Flexes the interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints of the THUMB -Median nerve (anterior interosseous branch) (C7,C8) |
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Pronator quadratus |
-Pronation -Median nerve (anterior interosseous branch) (C7,C8) |
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Extensor carpi radialis longus |
-Abducts and extends the wrist -Radial nerve (C6,C7) before it branches into superficial and deep |
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Extensor carpi radialis brevis |
-Abducts and extends the wrist -Deep branch of the radial nerve (C7) |
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Extensor digitorum |
-Extends the four fingers and wrist -Posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8) |
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Extensor digiti minimi |
-Extends the little finger -Posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8) |
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Extensor carpi ulnaris |
-Extends and adducts the wrist -Posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8) |
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Anconeous |
-Accessory extensor of the forearm at the elbow joint -Abduction of the ulna in pronation Radial nerve (C6,C7,C8) -via the branch to the medial head of the triceps brachii |
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Supinator |
-Supination -deep branch of radial nerve (C7,C8) |
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Abductor pollicus longus |
-Abducts the thumb (at the carpometacarpal joint) -Acessory extensor of the thumb -Posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8) |
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Extensor Pollicus brevis |
-Extends the carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints of the thumb - Posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8) |
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Extensor pollicus longus |
-Extends the carpometacarpal, metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints of the thumb -Posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8) |
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Extensor Indices |
-Extends the little finger -Posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8) |
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Piriformis |
-Laterally rotates an extended femur at hip joint -abducts flexed femur at the hip joint -Branches from S1+S2 |
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Gemellus Superior |
-Laterally rotates an extended femur at hip joint-abducts flexed femur at the hip joint -Nerve to obturator internus (L5,S1) |
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Obturator internus |
-Laterally rotates an extended femur at hip joint -abducts flexed femur at the hip joint -Nerve to obturator internus (L5,S1) |
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Gemellus inferior |
-Laterally rotates an extended femur at hip joint -abducts flexed femur at the hip joint -Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5,S1) |
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Quadratus femoris |
-Laterally rotates femur at hip joint - Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5,S1) |
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Gluteus minimus |
-Abducts and medially rotates thigh at hip joint -Prevents pelvic drop when walking -Superior gluteal nerve (L4,L5,S1) |
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Gluteus medius |
-Abducts and medially rotates thigh at hip joint -Prevents pelvic drop when walking -Superior gluteal nerve (L4,L5,S1) |
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Gluteus maximus |
-Abducts and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint -powerful extensor of thigh at hip joint -stabilises hip and knee joints -Inferior gluteal nerve (L5,S1,S2) |
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Tensor Fascia lata |
-Stabilises the knee in extension -Superior gluteal nerve (L4,L5,S1) |
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-Iliopsoas |
-Flexes thigh at hip joint -Psoas major- Anterior rami of L1,L2,L3 -Iliacus- Femoral nerve (L2,L3) |
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-Rectus femoris |
-Extends leg at knee joint -Flexes thigh at hip joint -Femoral nerve (L2,L3,L4) |
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Vastus medialis |
-Extends leg at knee joint -Femoral nerve (L3,L4) |
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Vastus Intermedialis |
-Extends leg at knee joint -Femoral nerve (L3,L4) |
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Vastus lateralis |
-Extends leg at knee joint -Femoral nerve (L3,L4) |
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Sartorius |
-flexes leg at knee joint -Flexes thigh at hip joint -Femoral nerve (L2,L3) |
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Gracillis |
-Adducts thigh at hip joint -Flexes leg at knee joint -Obturator nerve (L2,L3) |
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Pectineus |
-Adducts and flexes thigh at hip joint -Femoral nerve (L2,L3) |
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Adductor longus |
-Adducts and medially rotates thigh -Obturator nerve (L2,L3) |
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Adductor brevis |
-Adducts and medially rotates thigh -Obturator nerve (L2,L3) |
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Adductor magnus |
-Adducts and medially rotates thigh -Adductor part- Obturator nerve (L2,L3) -Hamstring part- Tibial division of Sciatic nerve (L2,L3) |
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Obturator externus |
-Laterally rotates thigh at hip joint - Obturator nerve (L4) |
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Biceps femoris |
-Extends thigh at hip joint -Flexes leg at knee joint -Lateral rotation of thigh and leg (as on lateral side) -Sciatic nerve - long head = tibial division (L5,S1,S2) -short head = common fibular division (L5,S1,S2) |
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Semitendinosus |
-Extends thigh at hip joint -Flexes leg at knee joint -Medial rotation of thigh and leg (as on medial side) -Sciatic nerve- tibial division (L5,S1,S2) |
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Semimembranosus |
-Extends thigh at hip joint -Flexes leg at knee joint -Medial rotation of thigh and leg (as on medial side) -Sciatic nerve-Tibial division (L5,S1,S2) |
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Gastrocnemius |
-Plantarflexion -Flexes leg at knee joint -Tibial nerve (S1,S2) |
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Soleus |
-Plantarflexion -Tibial nerve (S1,S2) |
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Plantaris |
-Plantarflexion -Flexes leg at knee joint -Tibial nerve (S1,S2) |
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Popliteus |
-Stabilises knee (resists lateral rotation of tibia on femur) -Unlocks knee (laterally rotates femur on tibia) -Tibial nerve (L4,L5,S1) |
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Flexor hallicus longus |
-Flexes great toe -Tibial nerve (S2,S3) |
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Tibialis Posterior |
-Plantarflexion -Inversion -Supports medial arch of foot -Tibial nerve (L4,L5) |
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Flexor digitorum longus |
-Flexes lateral four toes -Tibial nerve (S2,S3) |
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Fibularis longus |
-Eversion -plantarflexion -stabilises both arches of foot -Superficial fibular nerve (L5,S1,S2) |
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Fibularis brevis |
-Eversion -Superficial fibular nerve (L5,S1) |
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Tibialis anterior |
-Dorsiflexion -Inversion -Supports medial arch -Deep fibular nerve (L4,L5) |
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Extensor hallicus longus |
-Extends great toe -Dorsiflexion -Deep fibular nerve (L5,S1) |
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Extensor digitorum longus |
-Extends lateral four toes -Dorsiflexion -Deep fibular nerve (L5,S1) |
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Fibularis tertius |
-Dorsiflexion -Eversion -Deep fibular nerve (L5,S1) |
