Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
102 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Shoulder Muscle Trapezius (Tra-pe-zi-us) |
Origin- Occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinosus processes of C7-T12 Insertion- Clavicle, acromion process, and spine of scapula Action- Extends head, rotates, and adducts scapula, fixes scapula Innervation- Accessory (XI) nerve Antagonist- Serratus anterior muscle, Latissimus dorsi |
|
Shoulder Muscle Latissimus dorsi |
Origin- T7-12, L1-5, sacrum, iliac crest, ribs 10-12 Insertion- Intertubercular groove of humerus Action- Extends, adducts, medially rotates arm, depresses shoulder Innervation- Thoracodorsal nerve Antagonist- Deltoid and Trapezius muscle |
|
Shoulder Muscle Deltoid |
Origin- Clavicle, acromion process, spine of scapula Insertion- Deltoid tuberosity of humerus Action- Abducts, flexes, extends arm, medially and laterally rotates arm Innervation- Axillary nerve Antagonist- Latissimus dorsi |
|
Shoulder Muscle Rhomboideus major |
Origin- Spines of T1-4 Insertion- Inferior, medial border of scapula Action- Adducts scapula Innervation- Dorsal scapular nerve Antagonist- Serratus anterior muscle |
|
Shoulder Muscle Rhomboideus minor |
Origin- Nuchal ligament, spines of C6-7 Insertion- Medial border of scapula at scapular spine Action- Adducts scapula Innervation- Dorsal scapular nerve Antagonist- Serratus anterior |
|
Shoulder Muscle Levator scapulae |
Origin- C1-4 Insertion- Superior angle of scapula Action- Elevates scapula, abducts and rotates neck Innervation- Spinal nerves C3-5 and dorsal scapular nerve Antagonist- Latissumus dorsi, Pectoralis major and minor, serratus anterior, subclavius, Trapezius |
|
Shoulder Muscle Supraspinatus |
Origin- Supraspinous fossa Insertion- Greater tubercle of humerus Action- Abducts arm (stabilizes shoulder joint) Innervation- Suprascapular nerve Antagonist- Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major |
|
Shoulder Muscle Infraspinatus |
Origin- Infraspinous fossa Insertion- Greater tubercle of humerus Action- Extends and laterally rotates arm (stabilizes shoulder joint) Innervation- Suprascapular nerve Antagonist- Pectoralis major, subscapularis, latissimus dorsi, teres major, coracobrachialis, anterior deltoid |
|
Shoulder Muscle Subscapularis |
Origin- Subscapular fossa Insertion- Lesser tubercle of humerus Action- Extends and medially rotates arm (stabilizes shoulder joint) Innervation- Subscapular nerve Antagonist- Infraspinatus, teres minor, posterior deltoid |
|
Shoulder Muscle Teres minor posterior |
Origin- Lateral border of scapula Insertion- Greater tubercle of humerus Action- Extends, laterally rotates, and adducts arm, stabilizes shoulder joint Innervation- Axillary nerve
|
|
Shoulder Muscle Teres major |
Origin- Lateral border of scapula Insertion- Crest of lesser tubercle of humerus Action- Extends, adducts and medially rotates arm Innervation- Subscapular nerve Antagonist- Infraspinatus, teres minor, posterior deltoid |
|
Arm Muscle Triceps brachii |
Origin-Infraglenoid tuberosity of scapula, lateral and posterior surface of humerus Insertion- Olecranon process of ulna Action- Extends and adducts arm, extends forearm Innervation- Radial nerve Antagonist- Biceps brachii |
|
Shoulder Muscle Pectoralis major |
Origin- Clavicle, sternum, cartilages of ribs 1-7 Insertion- Crest of greater tubercle of humerus Action- Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates arm Innervation- Anterior thoracic nerve Antagonist- Deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres major and minor, subscapularis
|
|
Shoulder Muscle Pectoralis minor |
Origin- Ribs 3-5 Insertion- Coracoid process of scapula Action-Depresses glenoid cavity, raises ribs 3-5 Innervation- Anterior thoracic nerve Antagonist- Trapezius (upper and lower fibers), serratus anterior (lower fibers) |
|
Shoulder Muscle Serratus anterior |
Origin- Fleshy slips from the outer surface of upper 8 or 9 ribs Insertion- Costal aspect of medial margin of the scapula Action- protracts and stabilizes scapula, assists in upward rotation Innervation- long thoracic nerve (from roots of brachial plexus C5,6,7 Antagonist- Rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, trapezius |
|
Arm Muscles Coracobrachialis |
Origin- Coracoid process of scapula Insertion- Midmedial shaft of humerus Action- Flexes and adducts arm Innervation- Musculocutaneous nerve Antagonist- Middle and posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, teres minor |
|
Arm Muscles Biceps brachii |
Origin- Supraglenoid tubercle, coracoid process of scapula
Insertion- Radial tuberosity Action- Flexes arm, flexes forearm, supinates hand Innervation- Musculocutaneous nerve Antagonist- Triceps brachii |
|
Arm Muscles Brachialis |
Origin- Anterior, distal surface of humerus
Insertion- Ulnar tuberosity Action- Flexes forearm Innervation- Musculocutaneous and radial nerves Antagonist- Triceps Brachii, Anconeus |
|
Arm Muscle Brachioradialis Anterior |
Origin- Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion- Styloid process of radius Action- Flexes forearm Innervation- Radial nerve Antagonist- Pronator Teres, Pronator Quadratus, Flexor Carpi Radialis, Flexor Carpi Ulnaris, Palmaris Longus, Flexor Digitorum Superficialis, Flexor Pollicis Longus, Flexor Digitorum Profundus |
|
Arm Muscles Pronator Teres Anterior |
Origin- Medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna
Insertion- Lateral, middle shaft of radius Action- Pronates hand, flexes forearm Innervation- Median nerve Antagonist- Supinator, Brachioradialis, Extensor carpi Brevis, Extensor carpi radialis longus, Extensor carpi ulnaris, Abductor pollicis longus, Extensor pollicis longus, Extensor pollicis brevis, Extensor digitorum, Extensor indicis, Extensor digiti minimi |
|
Arm Muscles Anconeus |
Origin Insertion- Lateral aspect the olecranon process extending to the lateral surface of the ulna body. Action- Extension of the elbow Innervation- C7-8, Radial Nerve Antagonist- Biceps Brachii, Brachialis, Brachioradialis |
|
Forearm Muscles Flexor carpi ulnaris |
Origin- Medial epicondyle of humerus and ulna Insertion- Pisiform, hamate, metacarpal 5 Action- Flexes and adducts hand Innervation- Ulnar nerve Antagonist- Abductor pollicis longus, Flexor pollicis longus, Flexor digitorum superficialis, Flexor digitorum profundus |
|
Forearm Muscles
Palmaris longus |
Origin- Medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion- Palmar fascia Action- Flexes hand Innervation- Median nerve Antagonist- Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus, Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis, Extensor Carpi Ulnaris |
|
Forearm Muscles
Flexor carpi radialis |
Origin- Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion- Metacarpals 2 and 3 Action- Flexes and abducts hand Innervation- Median nerve Antagonist- Triceps Brachii, Anconeus |
|
Forearm Muscles
Extensor carpi ulnaris |
Origin- Lateral epicondyle of humerus, proximal ulna
Insertion- Metacarpal 5 Action- Extends and adduct hand Innervation- Radial nerve Antagonist- Flexor carpi radialis |
|
Forearm Muscles
Extensor digiti minimi |
Origin- The common tendon of the extensor digitorium Insertion- The tendon of the extensor digitorium at the proximal phalanx of the little finger and into the dorsal expansion of the finger extensor tendons Action-Extension (Proximal Phalanx Of The Little Finger) Extension (Wrist) Extension (Middle And Distal Phalanges Especially When The Proximal Phalanx Is Held In Flexion) Innervation-Posterior interosseous (deep radial) Antagonist-Flexor digiti minimi Brevis |
|
Forearm Muscles
Extensor digitorum |
Origin- Later epicondyle of humerus Insertion- Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5 Action- Extends phalanges 2-5 Innervation- Radial nerve Antagonist-Flexor digitorium superficialis muscle, Flexor digitorum profundus muscle |
|
Forearm Muscles
Extensor carpi radialis longus |
Origin- Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus Insertion- Metacarpal 2 Action- Extends and abduct hand Innervation- Radial nerve Antagonist- Flexor carpi ulnaris muscle |
|
Forearm Muscles
Extensor carpi radialis brevis |
Origin- Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion- Metacarpal 3 Action- Extends and abduct hand Innervation- Radial nerve Antagonist-Flexor carpi ulnaris muscle |
|
Forearm Muscles
Abductor policis longus |
Origin- Posterior radius and ulna, interosseus membrane Insertion- Metacarpal 1 Action- Abducts and extends thumb, abducts hand Innervation- Radial nerve Antagonist-Adductor pollicis muscle |
|
Forearm Muscles Extensor pollicis Brevis |
Origin- Posterior radius and ulna, interosseus mebrane Insertion- Proximal and distal phalanges of pollex (thumb) Action- Extends thumb Innervation- Radial nerve Antagonist- Flexor pollicis longus muscle,Flexor pollicis Brevis muscle |
|
Thigh Muscles Gluteus maximus |
Origin- Outer iliac blade, iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx Insertion- Gluteal tuberosity of femur, iliotibial band of facia lata Action- Extends, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; braces knee Innervation- Inferior gluteal nerve Antagonist- Iliacus, psoas major and psoas minor |
|
Thigh Muscles
Gluteus medius |
Origin- Outer iliac blade Insertion- Greater trochanter of femur Action- abducts and medially rotates thigh Innervation- Superior gluteal nerve Antagonist-adductors |
|
Thigh Muscles Tensor fasciae latae |
Origin- Anterior superior iliac spine Insertion- Iliotibial band of fascia lata to lateral condyle of tibia Action- Flexes, abducts and medially rotates thigh Innervation- Superior gluteal nerve Antagonist-Gemellus Superior, Gemellus Inferior, Obturator Internus, Obturator Externus, Quadratus Femoris |
|
Thigh Muscles
Iliotibial tract |
Origin- Spina iliaca anterior superior Insertion- iliotibial band Action- Assists with flexion of the thigh at the hip, assists with adduction of the thigh at the hip Innervation-Superior gluteal nerve |
|
Thigh Muscles Gluteus minimus |
Origin- Outer iliac blade
Insertion- Greater trochanter of femur Action- abducts and medially rotates thigh Innervation- Superior gluteal nerve Antagonist- lateral rotator group |
|
Hamstrings Semitendinosus |
Origin- Ischial tuberosity
Insertion- Proximal, medil tibia Action- Extends thigh, flexes leg Innervation- Tibial nerve Antagonist- Quadriceps muscle
|
|
Hamstrings
Biceps femoris |
Origin- Ischial tuberosity, linea aspera of femur
Insertion- Head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia Action- Extends thigh, flexes leg Innervation- Tibial and fibular nerve Antagonist- Quadriceps muscle |
|
Hamstrings
Sartorius |
Origin- Anterior superior iliac fossa
Insertion- Proximal, medial tibia Action- Flexes and laterally rotates thigh, flexes leg Innervation- Femoral nerve Antagonist- Gluteus Maximus, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus, Biceps Femoris (long head), adductor magnus (posterior part) |
|
Hamstrings
Semimembranosus |
Origin- Ischial tuberosity
Insertion- Medial condyle of tibia, collateral ligament Action- Extends thigh, flexes leg Innervation- Tibial nerve Antagonist-Quadriceps muscle and Tensor fasciae latae |
|
Quadriceps femoris Rectus femoris |
Origin- Anterior inferior iliac spine
Insertion- Tibial tuberosity by the patellar ligament Action- Flexes thigh, extends leg Innervation- Femoral nerve Antagonist- Hamstring |
|
Quadriceps femoris
Vastus lateralis |
Origin- Greater trochanter of femur, linea Aspera of femur
Insertion- Tibial tuberosity by the patellar ligament Action- Extends leg Innervation- Femoral nerve Antagonist-Gastrocnemius, Popliteus, Gracilis, Sartorius |
|
Quadriceps femoris Vastus intermedius |
Origin- Proximal, anterior femur Insertion- Tibial tuberosity by the patellar ligament Action- Extends leg Innervation- Femoral nerve Antagonist-Gastrocnemius, Popliteus, Gracilis, and Sartorius |
|
Quadriceps femoris
Vastus medialis |
Origin- Linea Aspera of femur, on medial side
Insertion- Tibial tuberosity by the patellar ligament Action- Extends leg Innervation- Femoral nerve Antagonist- The antagonists of the vastus medialis are sartorius, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus. |
|
Quadriceps femoris
Iliopsoas |
Origin- T12, L1-5, and iliac fossa
Insertion- Lesser trochanter of femur Action- Flexes thigh and lumbar vertebrae Innervation- Femoral nerve, spinal nerve L1-3 Antagonist- Gluteus maximus and the posterior compartment of thigh |
|
Quadriceps femoris
Pectineus |
Origin-Pubic crest
Insertion- Pectineal line of femur Action- Adducts thigh Innervation- Femoral and obturator nerves Antagonist- Gluteus Maximus, Adductor Magnus (posterior part) |
|
Quadriceps femoris
Adductor Brevis |
Origin- Pubis
Insertion- Linea Aspera at proximal portion of femur Action- Adducts, flexes, and laterally rotates thigh Innervation- Obturator nerve Antagonist-Gluteus Maximus, Adductor magnus (posterior part) |
|
Quadriceps femoris
Adductor longis |
Origin- Pubis
Insertion- Linea Aspera at middle portion of femur Action- Adducts, flexes, and laterally rotates thigh Innervation- Obturator nerve Antagonist-Gluteus Maximus, Adductor magnus (posterior part) |
|
Quadriceps femoris
Adductor magnus |
Origin- Pubis, ischium
Insertion- Linea Aspera, adductor tubercle of distal femur Action- Adducts, extends, and laterally rotates thigh Innervation- Obturator and tibial nerves Antagonist-Gluteus Maximus |
|
Quadriceps femoris
Gracilis |
Origin- Pubis, near symphysis
Insertion- Proximal, medial tibia Action- Adducts thigh, flexes leg Innervation- Obturator nerve Antagonist-Iliopsoas, Pectineus, Tensor Fasciae Latae, Adductor Brevis, Sartorius |
|
Leg Muscles Flexor Digitorium longus |
Origin- Posterior tibia
Insertion- Distal phalanges of digits 2-5 Action- Flexes toes 2-5, plantar flexes and inverts foot Innervation- Tibial nerve Antagonist- Extensor digitorium longus,Extensor digitorium Brevis |
|
Leg Muscles Plantaris |
Origin Insertion- Medial aspect of the posterior surface of the calcaneus, medial to the Achilles tendon. Action- Assists with flexion of the knee. Assist with plantarflexion of the foot at the ankle Innervation-Tibial Nerve (S1,2) Antagonist-Tibialis anterior muscle |
|
Leg Muscles Soleus |
Origin- Posterior, proximal tibia; fibula
Insertion- Calcaneus by the calcaneal tendon Action- Plantar flexes foot Innervation- Tibial nerve Antagonist-tibialis anterior |
|
Leg Muscles Gastrocnemius |
Origin- Condyles of femur
Insertion- Calcaneus by the calcaneal tendon Action- Flexes leg, plantar flexes foot Innervation- Tibial nerve Antagonist-Tibialis anterior muscle |
|
Leg Muscles Tibialis anterior |
Origin- Tibia, interosseous membrane Insertion- Metatarsal 1 and medial cuneiform Action- Dorsiflexes and inverts foot Innervation-Deep Peroneal nerve (L4 – 5 ) Antagonist- Fibularis longus, gastrocnemius, soleus, plantris, Tibialis posterior |
|
Leg Muscles Extensor Digitorium longus |
Origin- Lateral condyle of tibia, shaft of fibula Insertion- Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5 Action- Extends toes 2-5, dorsiflexes and everts foot Innervation- Deep fibular nerve Antagonist- Flexor digitorium longus, Flexor digitorium Brevis |
|
Leg Muscles Extensor hallucis longus |
Origin- Anterior shaft of fibula, interosseous membrane Insertion- Distal phalanx of hallux (big toe) Action- Extends hallux, dorsiflexes foot, inverts foot Innervation- Deep fibular nerve Antagonist- Flexor hallucis longus, Flexor hallucis Brevis |
|
Leg Muscle Peroneus longus |
Origin-Head and proximal two-thirds of the lateral surface of the fibula, and the anterior and posterior intermuscular septa of the leg. Insertion-Passing behind the lateral malleolus, running obliquely across the sole of the foot from lateral to medial, and ending on the base of the first metatarsal and the medial cuneiform bones Action-Eversion of the foot at the subtalar joint Innervation-Superficial Peroneal Nerve (L5, S1) Antagonist-Tibialis anterior muscle, T.A. does Inversion and Dorsiflexion |
|
Leg Muscle Peroneus Brevis |
Origin- Head and proximal two-thirds of the lateral surface of the fibula, and the anterior and posterior intermuscular septa of the leg. Insertion-Passing behind the lateral malleolus, running obliquely across the sole of the foot from lateral to medial, and ending on the base of the first metatarsal and the medial cuneiform bones Action-Eversion of the foot at the subtalar joint Innervation-Superficial Peroneal Nerve (L5, S1) Antagonist-Tibialis Anterior, Tibialis Posterior |
|
Abdominal Muscles Transversus abdominis |
Origin- Inguinal ligament, iliac crest, ribs 7-12 Insertion- Xiphoid process, linea alba, crest of pubis Action- Compresses abdominal wall, laterally rotates trunk Innervation- Intercostal nerve from T7-12 and spinal nerve Li Antagonist- Iliocostalis cervicis, thoracis and lumborum Longissimus cervicis and thoracis, External oblique |
|
Abdominal Muscles Rectus abdominis |
Origin- Pubic crest, symphysis pubis Insertion- Inferor ribs, xiphoid process Action- Flexes vertebral column, compresses abdominal wall Innervation- Intercostal nerves from T6-12 Antagonist-Erector spinae, Serratus posterior superior, Levatores costarum breves and longi |
|
Abdominal Muscles Internal oblique |
Origin- Inguinal ligament, iliac crest, lumbar fascia Insertion- Linea alba, ribs 10-12, rectus sheath Action- Compresses abdominal wall, laterally rotates trunk Innervation- Intercostal nerves from T7-12 and spinal nerve L1 |
|
Abdominal Muscles External oblique |
Origin- Ribs 5-12 Insertion- Inguinal ligament, iliac crest, rectus sheath Action- Compresses abdominal wall, laterally rotates trunk Innervation- Intercostal nerves from T7-12 |
|
Face and Head Muscles Orbicularis oculi |
Origin- Frontal bone, maxilla Insertion- Skin of eyelid Action- Closes eye Innervation- Facial nerve (VII) Antagonist-levator palpebrae superioris |
|
Face and Head Muscles Nasalis |
Origin- Maxilla Insertion- Nasal bone Action-Compresses bridge, depresses tip of nose, elevates corners of nostrils Innervation-Buccal branch of the facial nerve |
|
Face and Head Muscles Levator labii superioris |
Origin- Maxilla Insertion- Skin and orbicularis oris of upper lip Action-Elevates upper lip Innervation- Facial nerve (VII) Antagonist- Depressor anguli oris and orbicularis oris |
|
Face and Head Muscles Temporalis |
Origin- Temporal fossa Insertion- Coronoid process, mandibular ramus Action- Elevates and retracts mandible Innervation- Trigeminal nerve (V) Antagonist-Platysma muscle |
|
Face and Head Muscles Zygomaticus major |
Origin- Zygomatic bone Insertion- Muscle and skin at angle of mouth Action- Elevates and abducts upper lip Innervation- Facial nerve (VII) Antagonist-Orbicularis oris, depressor anguli oris and platysma |
|
Face and Head Muscles Zygomaticus minor |
Origin-Zygomatic bone Insertion-Muscle and skin at angle of mouth Action-Elevates and abducts upper lip Innervation- Facial nerve (VII) Antagonist-Zygomaticus minor |
|
Face and Head Muscles Risorius |
Origin- Fascia of masseter, platysma Insertion- Skin at angle of orbicularis oris Action-Abducts corner of mouth Innervation- Facial nerve (VII) Antagonist-Orbicularis oris |
|
Face and Head Muscles Frontalis |
Origin- Galea aponeurotica Insertion- Skin superior to orbit Action- Raises eybrows, draws scalp anteriorly Innervation- Facial nerve (VII) Antagonist- Procerus, corrugator supercilii, and orbicularis oculi. |
|
Face and Head Muscles Corrugator |
Origin- Nasal bridge, orbicularis oculi Insertion- Skin of eyebrow Action- Depresses and pulls eyebrows together Innervation- Facial nerve (VII) Antagonist-Frontalis |
|
Face and Head Muscles Orbicularis Oris |
Origin- Fasia of facial muscles, maxilla and mandible Insertion- Skin of lip Action- Closes lips Innervation- Facial nerve (VII) Antagonist- levator palpebrae superioris |
|
Face and Head Muscles Depressor anguli Oris |
Origin- The oblique line of the mandible, below and lateral to the depressor labii inferioris Insertion- The angle of the mouth, mingling with the levator anguli oris, zygomatIcus major, and muscular bands of the orbicularis Oris Action- Depresses the modiolus and angle of mouth Innervation- Mandibular marginal branch of the facial nerve (VII) Antagonist- Levator Anguli Oris, Zygomaticus Major, |
|
Face and Head Muscles Depressor labii inferioris |
Origin- Lower border of mandible Insertion- Skin of lower lip, orbicularis oris Action- Depresses lower lip Innervation- Facial nerve (VII) Antagonist-Orbicularis Oris |
|
Face and Head Muscles Mentalis |
Origin- Mandible Insertion- Skin of chin Action- Elevates lower lip Innervation- Facial nerve (VII) Antagonist- Depressor labii inferioris and depressor anguli OrIs |
|
Face and Head Muscles Platysma |
Origin- Fascia covering pectoralis major and deltoid Insertion- Skin over inferior border of mandible Action- Depresses lower lip Innervation- Facial nerve (VII) Antagonist-Masseter, Temporalis |
|
Face and Head Muscles Buccinator |
Origin- Maxilla, mandible Insertion- Orbicularis oris at angle of mouth Action- Retracts angle of mouth, flattens cheek Innervation- Facial nerve (VII) |
|
Face and Head Muscles Masseter |
Origin- Zygomatic arch Insertion- Lateral ramus of mandible Action- Elevates and protracts mandible Innervation- Trigeminal nerve (V) |
|
Face and Head Muscles Occipitalis |
Origin- Occipital bone Insertion- Galea aponeurotica Action- Draw scalp posteriorly Innervation- Facial nerve (VII) |
|
Face and Head Muscles Auricular muscles |
Origin- Temporal fascia Insertion- Major Helix (ear) Action- Pulls ear forward Innervation- Temporal branch of facial nerve |
|
Neck Muscles Sternocleidomastoid |
Origin- Manubrium and medial clavicle Insertion- Mastoid process, superior nuchal line Action- One: rotates and extends neck; both: flex neck Innervation- Accessory nerve (XI) Antagonist-Longus capitis, Rectus capitis |
|
Neck Muscles Splenius capitis |
Origin- Lower half of the nuchal ligament, the spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments of C7 to T3 Insertion- Lateral occipital bone, between the superior and inferior nuchal lines Action- Extends the head and cervical spine, Lateral flexion of the head and cervical spine Innervation- Dorsal Rami of (C3, C4) Antagonist- Sternocleidomastoid, Longus Colli, Longus capitis, Scalenus anterior, Scalenus medius, Scalenus posterior |
|
Neck Muscles Scalenes Scalenus anterior |
Origin- Anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of (C3-C6) Insertion-Scalene tubercle and cranial crest of first rib Action- Flexion of the cervical spine, Lateral flexion of the cervical spine Innervation-Ventral rami of (C3-C8) Antagonist- Longissimus Cervicis, Iliocostalis Cervicis, Spinalis Cervicis, Splenius Cervicis, Semispinalis Cervicis |
|
Neck Muscles Scalenes Scalenus medius |
Origin-Posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of (C2-C7) Insertion-Cranial surface of the first rib Action-Flexion of the cervical spine, Lateral flexion of cervical spine Innervation-Ventral rami of (C3-C8) Antagonist- Longissimus Cervicis, Iliocostalis Cervicis, Spinalis Cervicis, Splenius Cervicis, Semispinalis Cervicis |
|
Neck Muscles Scalenes Scalenus posterior |
Origin-By tendons from the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of (C4–C6) Insertion-Outer surface of 2nd rib Action-Lateral flexion of the neck Innervation-Ventral rami of (C3-C8) Antagonist-Scalenus Anterior, Scalenus Medius, Iliocostalis Cervicis, Splenius Cervicis, Semispinalis Cervicis on opposite side |
|
Neck Muscles Sternohyoid |
Origin- Manubrium of sternum Insertion- Hyoid Action- Depresses hyoid Innervation- Spinal nerves C1-3 |
|
Neck Muscles Omohyoid |
Origin- Superior border of scapula Insertion- Hyoid Action- Depresses and fixes hyoid Innervation- Spinal nerve C1-3 |
|
Deep Trunk Muscles Diaphragm |
Origin- Xiphoid process, lower ribs, upper lumbar vertebrae Insertion- Central tendon Action- Inspiration Innervation- Phrenic nerve Antagonist- Internal Intercostals, Transverse Thoracis, Internal Oblique, External Oblique, Rectus Abdominis |
|
Deep Trunk Muscles External intercostal |
Origin- Inferior margin of a rib Insertion- Superior margin of rib below Action- Elevates ribs, inspiration Innervation- Intercostal nerves Antagonist- intercostales interni muscles |
|
Deep Trunk Muscles Internal intercostal |
Origin-Superior margin of a rib Insertion- Inferior margin of rib above Action- Depresses ribs, expiration Innervation- Intercostal nerves Antagonist-External intercostal muscles |
|
Deep Trunk Muscles Innermost intercostal |
Origin- Infero-posterior border of each rib (above) Insertion- Supero-posterior border of the rib (below) Action-Through adduction of upper ribs to the lower ribs the muscles narrow intercostal slits and diminish thorax volume, therefore the muscles represent expiratory muscles. Innervation-intercostal nerves |
|
Deep Back Muscles Posas Major |
Origin- Transverse processes of T12-L5 and the lateral aspects of the discs between them Insertion- In the lesser trochanter of the femur Action-Flexion in the hip joint Innervation-Lumbar plexus via anterior branches of L1-L3 nerves Antagonist-Gluteus Maximus |
|
Deep Back Muscles Iliacus |
Origin- Vertebral column, ribs, ilium Insertion- Ribs, vertebral column Action- Extends laterally flexes, and rotates vertebral column Innervation- Spinal nerves, thoracic nerves Antagonist-Gluteus maximus |
|
Deep Back Muscles Quadratus lumborum |
Origin- Posterior iliac crest, lower lumbar vertebrae
Insertion- T12, L1-4, rib 12 Action- Lterally flexes vrtebral column, depresses rib 12 Innervation- T12, L1-4 Antagonist- Iliocostalis lumborum, Longissimus thoracis, Psoas major, External Oblique, Internal Oblique on opposite side |
|
Deep Back Muscles Erector spinae |
Origin- Spinous processes of T9-T12thoracic vertebrae, medial slope of the dorsal segment of illiac crest Insertion- spinous processes of T1 and T2thoracic vertebrae and the cervical vertebrae Action-extends the vertebral column Innervation-posterior branch of spinal nerve Antagonist-rectus abdominis muscle |
|
Deep Back Muscles Semispinalis capitis |
Origin- C4-T6
Insertion- Occipital bone Action- Extends and rotates head Innervation- Cervical nerves Antagonist- Sternocleidomastoid, Longus Colli and capitis, Scalenus anterior, medius, and posterior |
|
|
Extensor |
any muscle that stretches or extends an arm, leg, or other bodily part.
|
|
|
Adductor |
A muscle that draws a body part, such as a finger, arm, or toe inward toward the median axis of the body or of an extremity. |
|
|
Abductor |
muscle that causes movement away from the median plane of body, axis of middle finger, or axis of second toe, or in the case of the thumb, anterior to the plane of the palm.
|
|
|
Flexor |
any muscle whose contraction serves to bend a joint or limb.
|
|
|
Dorsiflexes |
bend (something, typically the hand or foot) dorsally or toward its upper surface.
|
