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30 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
what can muscle do?
contract.
when muscle is activated, what happens?
tends to shorten.
when muscle contracts, what happens?
it will do all of its possible actions.
What indicates what a muscle will do?
What it can do or could do is no indication of what it will do.
which are larger, fast twitch or slow twitch fibres?
fast twitch. Their contraction threshold is higher, but when reached, contraction is faster.
What are four characteristics of muscle tissue?
irritability, contractility, extensibility, and elasticity.
(sensitive to stimuli, responds by shortening, can stretch once stimuli subsides, will recoil to original length.)
potential of muscle strength based on:
number of fibres. More fibres = greater strength (also type of fibres).
what increases thickness, strength, and endurance of muscle fibres?
exercise.
characteristic of muscles containing fewer muscle fibres per motor unit
capable of more precise and delicate action than muscles with many fibres per motor unit (hand vs. leg)
another name for prime mover
agonist
prime mover definition
muscle whose action is primarily responsible for a particular movement
antagonist
muscles on the opposite side of a joint that oppose the action of the agonist.
example of prime mover versus agonist
elbow flexion: biceps brachii= agonist. triceps = antagonist.
muscle working as a fixator
synergist (assisting/stabilizing) muscle immobilizes a joint or bone. Eg: movement of wrist stopped from moving by forearm muscles during tennis.
afferent
signal FROM muscle
efferent
signal TO muscle
sprain
stretching at joint
subluxation
partial dislocation
proprioception
self perception as it relates to position, posture, equilibrium, internal function
gluteus maximus when resistance
is activated
gluteus maximus without resistance
only weakly activated (i.e. during walking...)
bursa
small sac of fluid at friction points, esp. joints.
What are six functional differences between muscle fibre types
contraction/relaxation time
force produced
energy efficiency
fatigue resistance
elasticity
contraction time
type 1 - slow, type II - fast
relaxation time
type 1 - slow, type II - fast
force produced
type 1 - lower, type II - higher
energy efficiency
type 1 - more, type II - less
fatigue resistance
type 1 - greater, type II - less
elasticity
type 1 - lower, type II - higher
how are skeletal muscles named?
according to shape, location, action, direction, divisions, or attachment.