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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 types of muscle tissue
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smooth, skeletal, cardiac
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Muscle tissue is derived from which germ layer?
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mesoderm
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Cytoplasm
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sarcoplasm
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sarcolemma
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plasma membrane
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SER
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Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
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Linear unit
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sarcomere
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muscle cells
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myofibers
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Striated and voluntary, multinucleated
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Skeletal Muscle
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Myofibrils located in the ____ of muscle cells.
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sarcoplasm
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Distance between two Z disks
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sacromere
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Functional unit of myofibril
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sacromere
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Located at the middle of a sacromere and bisects A band
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H-band
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Bisects H-band
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M-line
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Light staining band
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I-band (Isotropic Band)
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Region where attachment of the ends of the actin filaments i adjacent sarcomeres occurs
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Z disk
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Network of cisterns and/or membranous tubules running between and around myofibrils
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Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
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Collars (at AI junctions) are separated by what?
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T-Tubules
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Function of Sarcoplasmic Reticulum?
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Bind and release Calcium
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What form the collars at A-I junctions?
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Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
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What forms the T-Tubules?
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Sarcolemma
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T-tubule + 2 lateral cisternae of sarcoplasmic reticulum
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Triad
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Facilitates transmission of electrical impulse from sarcolemma to interior depths of cell
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Triad
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Two triads/sacromere located at which junctions?
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A-I
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What polmerizes to form two helically wound strands of F (fibrous) actin?
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G (Globular) Actin
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Myosin made of how many chains?
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4 light, 2 heavy
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Which meromysosin is rigid?
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light
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What is helically wound along grooves of F-actin helix?
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Tropomyosin
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Of the Troponin Complex what do the subunits do?
TnT TnC TnI |
TnT = binds entire troponin molecular to tropomyosin
TnC= great affinity for Ca TnI: binds to actin, preventing actin-myosin interactions |
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What happens when Ca binds to TnC?
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Myosin binding sites are exposed
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What protein extends from each half of a myosin filament to the Z-disk to help positions myosin filaments?
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Titan
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What non-elastic protein help anchor thin filament (actin) to Z-disk?
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Nebulin
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Which CT separates muscles fibers?
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Endomysium
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Which CT separates bundles ofmuscle fibers (fasicles)?
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Perimysium
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Which CT surrounds entire muscle?
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Epimysium
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Name 3 types of skeletal muscle fibers
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Red, White and Intermediate
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Which type of skeletal muscle fibers are numerous in mito and contract slow but are not easily tired?
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Red
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Large arteries in the muscles follow?
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Perimysium
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What consist of small specialized muscle fibers (Intrafusal cells) enclosed in a connective tissue capsule?
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Muscle Spindles
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What spindle shaped body enclosed by a capsule and comprised of collagen is sensitive to stretching forces on the tendon?
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Golgi Tendon Organ
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Which type of fibers penetrate between the collagen of a golgi tendon organ?
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Sensory/nerve fibers
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The myelin sheath of the axon is lost as the nerve fiber approaches the surface of muscle cell in...
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motor end plate
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Where are synaptic vesicles located and what do they contain?
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In axon terminals and contain acetylcholine
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What are secondary synaptic clefts formed by infloding of sarcolemma?
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subneural apparatus
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What differentiates cardiac muscle from skeletal?
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Intercalated disks, involuntary, less developed sarcoplasmic reticulum, single nucleus/cell and nucleous located at center of cell
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What do intercalated disks mark?
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spots of cell-to-cell attachments, where a Z disk would be
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How are T-tubules different in cardiac muscle?
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Larger and located at Z lines instead of at A-I junctions
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T-tubule + a terminal portion of adjacent sarcoplasmic reticulum
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Diad
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What are specialized muscles cells that function in conduction and thus contraction of the heart?
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Purkinje fibers
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What makes smooth muscle different from cardiac and skeletal?
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No striations and no T-tubules
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What serve as anchor sites for actin-myosin interactions as well as intermediate filaments (vimentin; desmin) in smooth muscle?
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Dense Bodies
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What do dense bodies contain?
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alpha actinin
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What probably play the role of the T-tubules found in skeletal and cardiac muscle and may work in concert with sarcoplasmic reticulum to modulate Ca++ availability?
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Caveolae of smooth muscle
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Smooth muscle contraction is _____ than cardiac or skeletal and requires ___ energy.
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slower and less
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