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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the effects of atropine on the major organ systems
Heart: |
biphasic action on M2 –
-At low levels it blocks presynaptic M1s and actually enhances Ach release -At therapeutic doses it blocks M2 and increases HR by increasing A-V conduction |
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Describe the effects of atropine on the major organ systems
Blood Vessels |
little change, toxic doses may cause flushing
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Describe the effects of atropine on the major organ systems
GI Tract |
--block secretions – salivatory most sensitive –DRY MOUTH. Gastric secretions less effectively
- constipation |
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Describe the effects of atropine on the major organ systems
Respiratory tract |
– Inhibits secretions , bronchiodialation
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Describe the effects of atropine on the major organ systems
Eye |
Mydriasis + cycloplegia + increased IOP
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Describe the effects of atropine on the major organ systems
GU |
Urinary retention
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Describe the effects of atropine on the major organ systems
EXOCRINE GLANDS: |
--inhibit sweating, salivation, lacrimation “ Anhidrosis
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Describe the effects of atropine on the major organ systems
CNS |
- initial drowsiness,
- antitremor activity (BENZOTROPINE) - with toxicity – excitement, agitation, hallucination - Motion sickness (SCOPOLOMINE) |
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Similarities of pharmacological effects of atropine and scopolamine.
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Atropine and scopolamine are the two Belladna alkaloids – naturally derived
Both competitive , reversible M antagonist’s w/ no blocking of N receptors – MOA IS SAME!! They both prevent effects of Parasympathetic Stimulation esp w/ M3 |
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contrast the pharmacological effects of atropine and scopolamine
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Atropine is more potent on HEART, INTESTINE, BRONCHIAL MM is LONGER ACTING & has less CNS PROPERTIES
Scopolamine is more potent on IRIS, CILIARY MM, SECRETORY GLANDS, & CNS |
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contraindications for the use of all antimuscarinic agents
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-glaucoma
-enlarged prostate -constipation |
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Clinical use of Atropine
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-Large doses for Cholenrgic poisoning
-Diarhea (LOMITIL =atropine + diphenyloxylate) -GI/GU |
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Clinical use of Scopolamine
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-Eye drops for Mydriasis
-Motion sickness -GI/GU |
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Clinical use of Propantheline
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- GI/GU
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Clinical use of oxybutalin
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- GI/GU
- Overactive bladder |
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Clinical use of ipratropium
(Atrovent) |
Bronchial asthma, COPD
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Clinical use of Benztropine
(Cogentin) |
Anti-tremor for parkinsons
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Identify signs & symptoms of atropine poisoning.
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-widely dilated pupils
-dry mouth -tachycardia -flushed skin -fever -strange behavior, neurological symptoms |
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Identify treatment of atropine poisoning
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Injection of small dose (1 mg) of physostigmine subcutaneously may be helpful – lack of effects confirms diagnosis.
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