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105 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Risorgimento
nationalistic unification movement in italy
Realism
depicting as they really are
Exoticism
Evocation of a distant land or foreign culture
Nabucco
Verdi's first successful opera
La Scala Theater
Opera house in Milan... Verdi settled here
VERDI! (acronym)
Viva Vittorio Emanuele Re d'Italia
Cabaletta
last part of aria/ensemble in rossini opera structure... lively and expressed active feelings
Jacues Offenbach
FIND OUT!!!
Johann Strauss
FIND OUT!!!
"Music Drama"
Wagner where the music and the drama became organically connected to express absolute oneness
3 Treatsies by Wagner:
The Artwork of the Future
Opera and Drama
Jewishness in Music
Gesamtkunstwerk
"Total Artwork"
"Total Artwork" (Wagner)
Gesamtkunstwerk
motives of rememberance
like leitmotiv but not whole themes
Die Valkurie (composer/translation/larger series it's from)
Wanger/"The Valkyrie"/The Ring of the Nibelungs
Wagner-only opera house
Bayreuth
Bayreuth
Wagner-only opera house
Leitmotivs
-short, melodically/rhythmically distinct fragments
-meaning established at first hearning
-recur whenever its subject is mentioned
-often transformed/varied
Tristan chord!?
F-B-D#-G#.... now go play it on the piano
Lyric opera
-replacement of Grand opera
-came from opera comique
-main appeal = melody to a romantic drama or fantasy
habanera
spanish melody
"Mighty Handful" ( at least 3 members)
-Balakirev
-Borodin**
-Cui
-Musorgsky**
-Romsky-Korsakov**
Alexander Pushkin
Russian writer... one of the greatest of all time?
Interlocking tritones (who and what uses?)
scriabin in Vers la Flamme
Historicism
-repertory by deceased composers now of equal imprtance to living
"musicology"
scientific discipline of studying music history
Gesamtausgabe
complete edition

ala catalog of a composer's works
Absolute music
music for it's own sake with no text/scenario
Program music
music with a written scenario that it's intended to depict
Who developed the Symphonic poem?

What is it?
Liszt

One-movement programmatic, symphonic works (with contrasting sections)
Thematic transformation
-developed by liszt
-taking one theme and making a whole work out of it by changing it from section to section (continuous)
Who, other than Wagner, used Wagner tubas?
Bruckner
Who wrote philosophical symphonic poems?

What are they?
R. Strauss

represents an idea (i.e. logic)
Who wrote descriptive symphonic poems?

What are they?
R. Strauss

depicts a story (i.e. don quixote)
name someone who used fluttertongueing in their music
R. Strauss
Name someone who used col legno in their music
R. Strauss
What is an orchestral song cycle?


who wrote them?
like normal one but with orchestra instead of piano accompaniment

Belioz wrote one, Mahler five
Progressive Tonality (and who?)
begins in one key and ends in another (mahler)
Impressionism (and who?)
evokes moods and visual imagery through colorful HARMONY and TIMBRE
(Debussy)
who spearheaded symbolism in music?

what is it?
Debussy

A literary movement that drew attention to individual images that carry the work's structure an meaning
Stephane Mallarme is known for what
being associated with the symbolist movement in Paris (non-musical but influenced Debussy)
Octatonic- two varieties starting on C
C-Db-Eb-E-F#-G-A-Bb-C

C-D-Eb-F-F#-Ab-A-B-C
Whole-tone scale starting on C
C-D-E-F#-Ab-Bb-C
Pentatonic scale starting on C
C-D-E-G-A-C
Who used a wordless chorus? in what? name two examples!

what is wordless chorus anyways?
Debussy- Movement three of Nocturnes "Sirenes"

Ravel- Daphnis er Chloe

Choir for tone not text- sing on syllables
Debussy was greatly influenced by what Russian composer as discussed in the coursepack?
Musorgsky!

go read it on p.51
Faure taught what famous 20th century piano/conducting/composition teacher?
Nadia Boulanger
Two French composers that used juxtaposition as a key part of their music
Gabriel Faure

Erik Satie
When not composing Satie did what?
Cabaret pianist
What is Musique d' ameublement and who established the concept?
Furniture music (background music for stuff)

Satie
Who studied at the Schola Cantorum?
Satie
Who designed the costumes for Parade?
Picasso
Who produced Parade?
Diaghilev
Who wrote the Scenario for parade?
Jean Cocteau
What is a Bouteillephonne?

Name other non-normal instruments Satie used
A bottle filled with water used as an instrument

lottery wheel, fog horn, pistol shots... check out the score
What are intuonarumori? who made them?
Noisemakers... Luigi Russolo
Who was in "Les Six"?
Arthur Honegger (swiss)
Darius Milhaud
Francis Poulenc
Germain Tailleferre (woman)
Georges Auric (most intellectual)
Louis Durey (left the group quickly)
Who was the first ethnomusicologist?
Bartok
What is an ethnomusicologist?
Someone who studies non-notated music of a particular culture... scientifically
Name 2 post-romantic composers that influenced bartok
Liszt, Strauss, Mahler, Wolf, and Brahms
Who wrote an article called "Brahms the progressive"?
Schoenberg
Who developed the twelve-tone system?
Schoenberg
Who was an early Schoenberg supporter?
Mahler
What type of visual art was Schoenberg influenced by?
Expressionist painters
What did Schoenberg do other than compose/conduct?
Paint!
Who used the musical systems of axis tonality and Golden section?

What are they?
Bartok


Axis tonality- tritone axis that the piece is centered aroun?

Golden section- 2/3 of the way through a phrase is the "crux"
Ballets Russes creator?
Diaghilev
What was "The World of Art"?
an avant-garde journal publication
Name one artist associated with Diaghilev
Picasso*, Matisse, Roerich, Larionov, Goncharova, Bakst
Name two dancers associated with Diaghilev
Nijinsky*, Nijinska, Pavlova, Nemchinova, Balanchine*
Name 2 choreographers associated with Diaghilev
Benois, Fokine*, Nijinsky*, Nijinska, Massine
Two world events that Ballets Russes survived
WWI and the Russian Revolution
Petrushka Chord
play it on the piano

combined C and F# triads

A# C C# E F# G A# C
Rite of Spring Chord
V6/5 of A-flat chord over F-flat major root position chord

play on the piano
Pas de deux
a duet in a ballet
Who is especially known for not really using Pas De Deux?
Stravinsky
Name two operas from Wagner's Ring Cycle in order
The Rhine Gold
The Valkyries
Sigfried
The Twilight of the Gods
Opera house devoted to Wagner
Bayreuth
How does Wagner unify his later music dramas? Cite the term.
Leitmotif
Name a new instrument used for Wagner's operas
Wagner Tuba
In which city did Wagner write music criticism?
Paris
Wagner's operas use words with similar sounds. This is called:
Alliteration
Famous composer that conducted premieres of several Wagner Operas
Liszt
Two characters from Tristan other than Tristan
Isolde
Isolde's servant
Which Wagner opera deals with a singer?
Meistersinger
Opera house for late Verdi
La Scala
One Verdi opera written in early 1850s
Traviata
One Verdi opera based on Shakespeare
Otello
What is unusual about Verdi's Falstaff? (cite one such feature)
Comic? (maybe)

HE WAS 80 YEARS OLD!
Name the reunification movement that used Verdi's name as an acronym
Rissorgimente
which term can be defined as "evocation of a distant land or foreign culture"?
exoticism
Verdi's operas built on the conventions of: (name three and identify most important)
Rossini, Bollini

Donazetti= most important
Instead of treating historical figures or faraway places, ________ presents everyday people, especially lower classes, in familiar situations, often depicting events that are brutal or sordid
realism
What did France call its most serious and large-scale opera in the 19th century?
Grand Opera
The most famous lyric opera is Faust by Charles _______ (last name)
Gounod
Bizet's Carmen draws on the music of which country?
Spain
The first Russian composer recognized both by Russians and internationally is
Glinka
Who founded the St. Petersburg Conservatory?
Rubinstein
Which composer sought to reconcile the nationalist and internationalist tendencies in Russian music?
Tchaikovsky
Name the group of Russians who flourished together in the later 19th century.
The mighty handful
The opera Boris Goudunov is based on a libretto by
Pushkin
Name the scene from Boris Goudunov that is on the assignments.
Coronation scene
Who wrote: "We formed a close-knot circle of youn composers. And since there was nowhere to study (the conservatory didn't exist) our self-education began. It consisted of playing through everything that had been written by all the greatest composers, and all the works were subjected to criticism and analysis in all their technical and creative aspects"
Cui (from the mighty handful)
Name one type of scale other than major, minor, or chromatic used by Russian composers
Whole-tone
or diminished
More has been written about ___________ than any other musician!!!
Wagner