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101 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what will be required for a listener to gain an appreciation for and understanding of an artistic compostion?
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ther more you listen to classical music, the more you'll understand. you'll actually get a deep understanding and apprectiation.
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how is listening to such an artistic compostion similar to studying salvador dali's the hallunicogenic toreador?
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the more you look at the more painting, themore you can see.
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what is the benefit of attending alive musical performance?
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feel a part of the experience. more attentive. more enjoyable.
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what are the bood and bad features of just litening to recored music?
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Pro-better recordings.last longer.if not perfect-can be made perfect.
con- mistakes are made in live performance. has been doctored and is perfect so puts pressure onlive performers. |
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differences between popular music and art music from a perforcer's point of view
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popular music requires less time to prepare. much less difficult. art music requires more practice. popular music gets old- you want to listen to somehting else. artistisc music can last for centuries.
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where is the ideal place to sit in a concert hall
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balcony-front. middle(box seats) in front of overhang-hear everything well.
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what do you not do at a concert featureing classical music that may be permissible at a popular music concert
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do not sing, cheer, walk around, get up, dress as casually, take flash pictures, record
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what do you do if you arrive late to a classical performance
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wait outside until music stops or until usher lets you in. stay in back.
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when do you applaud in a classical music instrumental concert?
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end of composition
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when do you applaud during operas
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after major vocal solo
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when do you applaud during jazz concert
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after solo.@ end
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what differences occur between popular music and art music regarding concert attire for performers.
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men in tails. all uniform. seen as a body. not as individual. focus on music.
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what qulities are needed to be an artistic critic?
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journalistic ability. vast knowledge. not a performer-too subjective.
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state some ways in which 20th centruy technology has affected popular and artistic music
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recorde just before WWII. microphones. ampliphiers.
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the abbreviation, Op. refers to waht term. and what does it mean?
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Op. means opus. work #, order in which composer wrote.
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symphony
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instrumental composition-4 movements
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concerto
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one soloist performing with orchestra
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what are so many terms used in music from the italian language
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long tradition of great composers- simply adopted.
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legato
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play as smooth as possible
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staccato
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spaces among notes
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pizzicato
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string term- pluck string
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glissando
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slide to notes.
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tremolo
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string and keyboard play note as quick as possible repeatedly.
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trill
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go between two notes quickly
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stop
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string, organistis play open string then repeat with finger on it.
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double stop
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2 strings at the same tiem.
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vibrato
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all but horns and clarinets
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mute
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softens and changes pitch slightly. changes color of sound.
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4 basic families of orchestral instruments
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string, woodwind, brass, percussion
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string
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sound drqn by bow over string. vibrating string. sustained and nice sound. violin, viola, chelo (violonchello) bass(double bass, string bass, contra band, bass viol.) all with no frets
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non orchestral string intruments
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guitar, banjo, madolin, ukelele
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violin
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smallest string intrusment.left of conductor. rounded shoulders
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viola
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right of conductor. rounded shoulders
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chelo-
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must sit down. end pin rests on ground. rounded shoulders.
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bass
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sloping shoulders
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woodwinds
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vibrating reed.
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flute
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usually 2 in orchestra. blow over hole.
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piccolo
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not always in orchestra
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oboe
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2 in orchestra. tune the orchestra. double reed. nasal sound.
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english horn
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not always in orchestra. lower sound. double reed. bulbous bottom.
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clarinet
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2 in orchestra. round ful bodied sound
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bass clarinet
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1 in orchestra.
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bassoon
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2 in orchestra. double reed. equivelant to range of chelo.
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contra basson.
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must sit. double reed.
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sax
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not in orchestra. more brass sound. single reed.
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Brass intruments in orchestra- list 4
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trumpet, french horn (horn), trombone, tuba
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Brass intruments not in orchestra
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bugle (no valves), cornet (softer sound), souzaphone, baritone horn.
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Percussion
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something struck or hit. 2 types. pitched and unpitched.
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pitched
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piano, timpani(kettle drums)(2 or more), chimes, zylophone, marimba (not as harsh as xylophone, celeste(mini piano)
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unpitched
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snaredrum(rattles, underside of drum)(typical in parade band), bass drum, cymbols, gong, maracas, tamborine, triangle.
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keyboard instruments list 3
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piano, harpsichord, organ
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difference between chorus and choir
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chorus is larger in size than choir;
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a cappella
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w/o instruments
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chamber ensemble
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small # of instrumentalists. ex) trio. each person plays a different part
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difference bewtween syphony orchestra and band
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strings in symphony orchestra
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function of conductor
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keeps group together. tries to mold sound so will have unique characteristic of sound. their own personality.
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what does conductor stand on
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podium
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what does conductor hold in his hand
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baton
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musical score
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all parts together..in front of conductor.
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melody
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succession of single tones or pitches perceived by the mind as a unity
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sound
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vibrations perceived by the human ear; a musical sound is described by its pitch and its duration.
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frequency
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rate of vibrations of a string or column of air, which determines pitch.
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pitch
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highness of lowness of a tone, depending on the frequency (rate of vibration)
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interval
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distance and relationship between two pitches
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melodic range
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the distance between the melody's lowest and highest tone
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melodic shape
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the direction a melody takes as it turns upward or downward or remains static
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conjunct melody
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move principally by small intervals in a joined, connected manner
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disjunct melody
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move in disjointed or disconnected intervals
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phrase
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a unit of meaning within a large structure
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cadence
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phrase end or resting place.
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rhythm
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what moves music forward in time
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beat
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the basic unit we use to measure time
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accent
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the emphasis on a beat resulting in its being louder or longer than another in a measure
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meter
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marked off in measures, organizes the beats in music
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downbeat
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first accented beat of each pattern
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measure
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rythmic group or metrical unit that contains a fixed number of beats, divided on the musical staff by bar lines.
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syncopation
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deliberate upsetting of the meter or pulse through a temporary shifting of the accent to a weak beat or an offbeat.
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harmony
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describes the simultaneous happenings in music. the movement and relationship of intervals and chords.
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diatonic scale
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melodies or harmonies that are built from the tones of a a major or minor scale
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chromatic scale
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the full famut of notes available in the octave.
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chord
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three or more tones are sounded together
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triad
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the most common chord in Western music is a certain combination of three tones.
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key (tonality)
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the principle of organization around a central tone, the tonic,
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dissonacne
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a combination of tones that sounds discordant, unstable, in need of resolution.
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consonance
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a concordant, agreeable combination of musical tones that provides a sense of relaxation or fulfillment.
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monophonic texture
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a single-voiced. interest is focused on the single line rather than on any accompaniament.
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homophonic texture
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a single voice takes over the melodic interest, while the accompanying parts take a subordiante role.
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polyphonic texture
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manyvoices. two or more different melodic lines are combined, thus distributing melodic interest among all the parts.
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imitation
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one method composeres use to give unity and shape to the texture, in which a melodic idea is presented in one voice and then restaed in another. while the imitating voice restates the melody, teh first voice continues with new material.
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canon
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type of ployphonic composition in which one musical line strictly imitates another at a fixed distance throughout.
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round
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perpetual canon at the unison in which each voice enteres in succession with the same melody.
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motive
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short melodic or rhythmic idea, the smallest fragment of a theme that forms a melodic-harmonic-rhythmic unit
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theme
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when a melodic idea is used as a building block in the construction of a musical work.
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thematic development
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the most tightly knit kind of expansion in music. elaborating or varying a musical idea, revealing its capacity for growth.
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call and response
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a singing leader who is imitated by a chorus of followers. responsorical music.
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ostinato
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a short musical pattern- melodic, rhythmic, or harmonic- that is repeated continually throughout a work or a major section of a composition.
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timbre
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tone color. best accounts for the striking differences in the sound of instruments.
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aerophone
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produce sounds by using air as the primary vibrating means.
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chordophone
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produce sound from a vibrating string stretched between two points.
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idiophone
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produce sound from the substance from the instrument itself.
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membranophone
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drum-type instruments that are sounded from tightly stretched membranes.
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