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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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tala
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the rhythmic component of Indian classical music
-a rhythmic cycle of beats (matras) that is divided into measures (angas) |
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raga
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-the mood
-germinal melodic material used in improvisation in Indian classical music. |
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alap
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opening section; drone instrument sustaining one or two of the principal pitches of the raga and the solo instrument slowly playing the original melody.
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gats
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next sections; series of improvisations on the rhythmic and melodic patterns introduced.
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sitar
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plucked "lute" gourd resonator and frets
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sarod
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plucked "lute" wood resonator without frets.
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bebop
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complex harmony/rhythms, great technical skill by the players, often a quintet: two frontline, three rhythm section.
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cool jazz
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the reaction to "hot", fast, complex bebop--emphasis on subtlety.
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third stream
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jazz incorporating elements of classical music.
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chanson
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lyric driven French song, usually polyphonic and secular (during the Renaissance)
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word painting
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musically illustrating the text
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lied
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inventive, sensitive setting of poetry for singer and piano.
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sprechstimme
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(speech song) a kind of singing without aiming at "real" pitches.
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chamber music
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instrumental music written for a small number of players with one player on a part and the emphasis on ensemble rather than solo playing.
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string quartet
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is a musical ensemble of four string instruments — usually two violins, a viola and cello — or a piece written to be performed by such a group. The string quartet is one of the most prominent chamber ensembles in classical music.
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piano trio
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is a group of piano and two other instruments, usually a violin and a cello, or a piece of music written for such a group. It is one of the most common forms found in classical chamber music.
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woodwind quintet
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a group of five wind players (most commonly flute, oboe, clarinet, horn and bassoon).
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brass quintet
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a five-piece musical ensemble composed of brass instruments. The most common instrumentation is two trumpets or cornets, one French horn, one trombone or euphonium\baritone, and one tuba or bass trombone.
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scherzo
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"joke"
-ranges from light and playful to vigorous and abrupt and is generally in a faster tempo than the minuet. |
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theremin
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one of the earliest electronic musical instruments, and the first musical instrument played without being touched. (an electrophone)
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synthesizer
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an electronic instrument capable of producing a variety of sounds by generating and combining signals of different frequencies
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MIDI
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Musical Instrument Digital Interface. (standard computer language)
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sequencing
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process of storing digital data necessary to play back MIDI files in a computer.
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sentimental ballad
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song with lyrics dealing with love and courtship or natural disaters and human tragedy.
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ragtime
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piano style, combining happy, syncopated, banjo-like, rhythms in the melody with even, stable rhythms emphasizing the meter in the accompaniment.
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Tin Pan Alley
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originated as a nickname for a street in NYC on which many publishers of popular music had their offices. Eventually the expression also came to describe a way of life in which producing, promoting, and marketing popular music was big business, reaping large financial rewards. Tin Pan Alley is where the music and entertainment industry of today began.
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Boogie Woogie
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piano style using a powerful, repeated eigth note patterns in l,h;r,h interprets a melody or improvises.
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backbeat
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emphasis on 2 and 4 of 4/4 measure
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country music
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music that grew out of the folk ballads of the British Isles, dealing with lost love, cheating lovers, disappointment and pain.
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bluegrass
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Bill Monroe (1911-1996) and the Blue Grass Boys
-Fiddle, guitar, mandolin, banjo, bass -vocal solos, duets |
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blues
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a 12 measure pattern, divided into three sections called phrases. In classic blues, the lyrics sung in the first and second phrases are the same (or similar) and the lyrics to the third phrase are different.
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rock n roll
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emotional vocal interpretation and heavy emphasis on the beat, especially the backbeat.
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rockability
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a kind of hillbilly music with a sexy rhythm and blues-inspired vocal style, pop oriented lyrics, electric guitar lead, and an emphasis on the beat.
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country rock
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a musical genre formed from the fusion of rock with country music, with its country origins being initially referenced to the rockabilly music of the 1950s.
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soul
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sincere and heartfelt-included accompaniments featuring large brass, woodwind, and string sections, as well as backup vocal groups.
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psychedelic rock
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a style of rock music that attempts to replicate the mind-altering experiences of hallucinogenic drugs.[1] It emerged during the mid 1960s among garage and folk rock bands in Britain and the United States. Psychedelic rock is a bridge from early blues-based rock to progressive rock and heavy metal, but it also drew on non-Western sources such as Indian music's rāgas and sitars.
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fusion
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jazz and rock combined--an instrumental style that includes extensive improvisation.
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jazz-rock
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features a lead vocalist accompanied by horn (trumpet, sax, and trombone) and rhythm sections.
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musical (comedy)
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staged work with "down to earth" characters and plots, colloquial spoken dialogue, popular style of the songs.
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show boat
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American musical written by Jerome Kern and Oscar Hammerstein in 1927.
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Oklahoma
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-spoken dialogue and songs alternate with a continuity that is effortless, and the action is nearly continuous.
-setting in the American West -simple tale of country romance in which the beautiful farm girl, is keen on the handsome cowboy. -Rodgers and Hammerstein 1943 |
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Company
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Sondheim's musical (1970)
-concept musical; one unifying idea lies at heart of the show and determines every aspect of its style and production. -deals with making relationships in contemporary society. |
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A Chorus Line
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-Michael Bennett
-one of the most popular and long lasting musicals of the late twentieth century. -focus on the gypsies or chorus dancers of Broadway. -cinematic staging gave the impression of a film -plot centers on very diverse group of dancers auditioning for a musical. |
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operetta
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musical theater that is light and sentimental, contains music, spoken dialogue, dancing, and other theatrical elements
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jazz standard
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songs usually associated with jazz.
an enduring popular song |
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Reprise
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reusing a song heard earlier
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Porgy and Bess
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-George Gershwin
-1935, American Folk opera -set in Catfish Row -Bess and Porgy fall in love, Porgy murders Crown. |
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West Side Story
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1957, composed by Leonard Bernstein.
-Broadway adaptation of Romeo and Juliet -includes totally integrated and compelling dance numbers, large scale operatic ensembles, and songs in many popular music styles. |
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functional music
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(background); used to bring the visual images more fully to "life"
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source music
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music that originates "in" the film and is heard by/interacted with the characters.
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Psycho
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in this film, the highly dissonant major sevenths and minor ninths that support the moments of greatest tension are present in the opening prelude music and recur frequently thereafter.
-another characteristic of the music for this film is an insistent ostinato(a repeated rhythmic figure) that is heard throughout, and is used very effectively in the scene in which the murderer is watching the woman through a peephole, just before the famous shower scene. |
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acculturation
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a mixing of native and foreign elements
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highlife music
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blending of European-American popular idioms with African traditions.
-began in 1950's in Ghana. |
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afro-pop
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generic term for all African popular music
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