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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define MS... what is the prevalence/risk factors |
Demyelination at multiple CNS sites. More common in: F>M (3:1) between 20-50 Temperate environment People who lack Vit D |
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MS S&S |
unilateral optic neuritis numbness/tingling of limbs leg weakness brainstem or cerebellar lesions worse in heat Lhermitte Phenomena Internuclear opthalmoplegia Cerebral Ataxia |
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Clinical Spectrum of MS |
Relapsing-Remitting (80%) Relapsing progressive Secondary progressive Primary Progressive (10%) |
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Diagnosis of MS. What Ix and what Criteria |
So we need: History of past episodes Bloods to exclude Ddx (N.B. NMO-IgG) MRI (T2 scan reveals hypersensitive lesions) VEPs slowed conduction CSF shows oligoclonal bands (not the same in blood) Typically use the Mcdonald Criteria which revolves around having 2 lesions seperated in space and time. |
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What is the Treatment regime for MS (just the disease itself) |
Methylprednisolone for flare ups Interferon (a or b) does not slow progression but does reduce frequency of flare ups Alemtuzumab and Natalizumab (monoclonal antibodies) Glatiramer; mitoxantrone (helps in secondary?) Azathioprine if you're on a budget |
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What are the treatments for the complications of MS? |
Incontinence: if volume after voiding is >100ml do self catherter. if <100mL give tolterodine or oxybutinin (anti muscarinic) Neuropathic pain: gabapentin Spasticity: Baclofen Depression: amitryptiline |
