Multimedia - Images (From Neil)

Front 1

What does JPEG stand for?

Back 1

Joint Photographic Experts Group

Front 2

What does GIF stand for?

Back 2

Graphics Interchange Format

Front 3

What does TIFF stand for?

Back 3

Tagged Image File Format

Front 4

What does PNG stand for?

Back 4

Portable Network Graphics

Front 5

Bitmap is also called?

Back 5

Device Independent Bitmap (DIB)

Front 6

How many Colours in

1 bit? = Monochrome (21 = 2)

4 bit? = 16 colours (24 = 16)

8 bit? = 256 colours (28 = 256)

24 bit? = 16 million colours (224 = 16 million)

Back 6

1 bit = Monochrome - 2 Colours

4 bit = 16 colours

8 bit = 256 colours

24 bit = 16 million colours

Front 7

What is resolution?

Back 7

The Width and the The Height in pixels

Front 8

Raster images or Bitmapped images are a method of representing images, in which the colour of every........

Back 8

pixel is recorded in an array

Front 9

What is 2 (to the power of 8)?

Back 9

256

Front 10

Bitmap hex header size and locations?

Back 10

Front 11

In hex theheaderfield used toidentify the BMP & DIB file?

Back 11

Location: 00(h)

Size: 2 bytes

Front 12

In hex the size of the BMP file in bytes?

Back 12

Location: 02(h)

Size: 4 bytes

(read backwards)

Front 13

In Hex the offset, i.e. starting address, of the byte where the bitmap image data (pixel array) can be found.

Back 13

Location: 0A(h)

Size: 4 bytes

Front 14

What is the size of this file? (bytes)

Back 14

118 Bytes

Front 15

A344 02 00

What is the size of this file? (bytes)

Back 15

148,643 bytes

(244A3 Hex)

Front 16

28 00 00 00

What is the size and what does it represent?

Back 16

40 bytes

The size of the header

Front 17

What is the size of the image?

Back 17

Width = 12 pixels

Height = 03 pixels

Front 18

Thenumber of bits per pixel, which is the color depth of the image.

(18 00)

Back 18

Bit Depth: 24

Front 19

If the width of a bitmap was 7 pixels, how much padding will be needed?

Back 19

3 bytes

(7 X 3 = 21) but 24 is needed to divide evenly by 4, so 3 bytes are required in padding.

Front 20

Where does the pixel array start drawing from?

Back 20

bottom left pixel in array.

Front 21

How to calculate the approximate file size of a .bmp image?

Back 21

This doesn't include padding or header size, just the pixel array in bytes.

Front 22

This canoccur in images when the bit depth of an image is reduced?

Back 22

Posterization or colour banding

Front 23

The visual impact of posterization can be reduced through __________.

___________ can create the illusion of increased colour depth in images with a reduced palette

Back 23

Dithering

(can result in some images looking speckled or grainy)

Front 24

___________ ___________ replaces the standard colour palette with those colours most used in the particular imageE.g. a picture of an ocean will mainly have 256 variants of blues and white

Back 24

Palette Optimisation or an Optimised Palette

Front 25

________ can result from poor image sampling.

Back 25

Aliasing

- Image sampling mainly occurs the following ways:

- When a digital photograph is first takenI.e. as the camera is deciding which of the available colours it should use for each pixel

- When a digital image is resized (resolution change)I.e. when the photo editing software is deciding which of the available colours it should use for each of the new pixels

Front 26

_________ occurs when an image resolution is increased.

Back 26

Upsampling

The image editing software has to create new pixels based on the existing pixelsE.g. from 1 pixel it needs to make many

Front 27

_________ occurs when an image resolution is decreased.

Back 27

Downsampling

The image editing software has to create new pixels based on the old pixelsE.g. from many pixels it needs to make 1

Front 28

The creation of new pixels is called?

Back 28

Interpolation

Front 29

When a sampled or reconstructed image differs from the original, an ______ is seen

Back 29

Alias

Front 30

The _____ ________ smoothing process is achieved by various algorithms and usually involves changing pixels to reduce edge contrast

Back 30

Anti-aliasing

Front 31

Three types of image compression?

Back 31

Uncompressed,

Lossy compression, and

Lossless compression

Front 32

Back 32

Lossless Compression

Front 33

Vector graphics (.svg, .ai) store image information in the form of?

Back 33

structured equations

Front 34

Each equation describes a basic shape? (8)

Back 34

lines, rectangles, circles, ellipses, polygons, polylines, paths, and text

Front 35

.svg =

Back 35

scalable vector graphics

Front 36

The human eye has?

Back 36

Rods and Cones

3 types of cones

- Short Wave Cones: Blue

- Middle Wave Cones: Green

- Long Wave Cones: Red

Rods are for night vision and pick up light intensityRods do not distinguish between colours

Front 37

What is the visual spectrum that a human can see?

Back 37

400 nanometers to 700nmnanometers

Front 38

A ________ _____ __________ is a description of how the intensity of light varies with its wavelength

Back 38

spectral power distribution (SPD)

Front 39

The _________ ______ suggests that any colour can be specified by just three values, giving weights for each component (R,G,B).

Red, green and blue light are referred to as the additive primary colours

Back 39

tristimulus theory

Front 40

RGB is often written as a?

Back 40

6-digit hexadecimal number (two digits for red, green, and blue)

Front 41

CMYK stands for?

Back 41

Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Key (Black)

Front 42

The ___ colour space is capable of representing all possible colours and encompasses all other colour spaces

Back 42

XYZ

Front 43

_____ is intended as a standard device-independent colour space for monitors

Back 43

sRGB

Front 44

How many colours in the Web Safe palette

Back 44

216 Colours