Mucle And Muscle Tissue

Front 1

The four basic tissue types in the body are:

(a) epithelial, connective, muscle, and neural
(b) simple, cuboidal, squamous, and stratified
(c) fibroblasts, adipocytes, melanocytes, and mesenchyme
(d) lymphocytes, macrophages, microphages, and adipocytes

Back 1

(a) epithelial, connective, muscle, and neural

Front 2

Collections of specialized cells and cell products that perform a relatively limited number of functions are called:

(a) cellular aggregates
(b) tissues
(c) organs
(d) organ systems
(e) organisms

Back 2

(b) tissues

Front 3

The three types of loose connective tissue are:

(a) collagen, reticular, and elastic
(b) areolar, adipose, and reticular
(c) collagen, bone, and cartilage
(d) fluid, supporting, and connective tissue proper

Back 3

(b)areolar, adipose, and reticular

Front 4

Two major examples of dense regular connective tissue are:

(a) cartilage and bone
(b) elastic tissue and bone
(c) tendons and elastic tissue
(d) collagen and tendons

Back 4

(c) tendons and elastic tissue

Front 5

Intercalated discs and pacemaker cells are characteristic of:

(a) smooth muscle tissue
(b) cardiac muscle tissue
(c) skeletal muscle tissue
(d) a,b, and c are correct

Back 5

(b) cardiac muscle tissue

Front 6

Axons, dendrites, and a cell body are characteristics of cells located in:

(a) neural tissue
(b) muscle tissue
(c) connective tissue
(d) epithelial tissue

Back 6

(a) neural tissue

Front 7

Functions of epithelia include all of the following except:

(a) providing physical protection
(b) controlling permeability
(c) absorption
(d) producing specialized secretions
(e) storing energy reserves

Back 7

(e)storing energy reserves

Front 8

The muscle tissue which shows no striations is ___________ muscle.

(a) skeletal
(b) cardiac
(c) smooth
(d) voluntary
(e) multinucleated

Back 8

(c) smooth

Front 9

Osseous tissue is better known as:

(a) cartilage
(b) fat
(c) cellulite
(d) bone
(e) ligament

Back 9

(d)bone

Front 10

The dominant fiber type in dense connective tissue is:

(a) collagen
(b) elastin
(c) actin
(d) myosin
(e) fibrin

Back 10

(a) collagen

Front 11

What are the four major characteristics of epithelial tissue?

Back 11

(1) - It consists mainly of cells rather than extracellular materials
(2) - It has a free surface exposed to the external environment or to some internal chamber or passageway.
(3) It is a vascular - that is has no blood vessels
(4) damaged or lost epithelial cells are continuously being replaced.

Front 12

What three types of layering make epithelial tissue recognizable?

Back 12

(1) simple; (2) stratified; and (3) transitional

Front 13

List three basic components of connective tissue.

Back 13

1) specialized cells; (2) extracellular protein fibers; and (3) a fluid ground substance

Front 14

Describe the fluid connective tissues and supporting connective tissues in the human body.

Back 14

Fluid connective tissues are blood and lymph. They have a liquid matrix, and the proteins are held in solution.
Supporting connective tissues are cartilage and bone. They have a firm, dense matrix that contains large, insoluble fibers.

Front 15

What are the three types of muscle tissue in the body?

Back 15

(1) smooth muscle tissue; (2) skeletal muscle tissue; and (3) cardiac muscle tissue. Smooth muscle tissue have cells which are short, spindle-shaped, and nonstriated, with a single, central nucleus. Skeletal muscle tissue have cells which are long, cylindrical, striated, and multinucleate. Cardiac muscle tissue have cells which are short, branched, and striated, usually with a single nucleus; cells are interconnected by intercalated discs.

Front 16

What is the difference between exocrine and endocrine secretion?

Back 16

Endocrine glands release their secretions into the surrounding interstitial fluid or blood whereas exocrine glands produce secretions that are discharged onto epithelial surfaces. Most exocrine glands release their secretions into tubular passageways called ducts whereas endocrine glands are ductless glands.

Front 17

Skeletal muscle is described by all of the following EXCEPT:

a) striated
b) voluntary
c) multinucleate
d) autorhythmic

Back 17

d) autorhythmic

Front 18

The walls of hollow organs and some blood vessels contain this muscle tissue:

a) striated
b) skeletal
c) cardiac
d) smooth

Back 18

d) smooth

Front 19

Which of the following is unique to cardiac muscle tissue:

a) is involuntary
b) is non-striated
c) has intercalated discs
d) contains smooth muscle tissue

Back 19

c) has intercalated discs

Front 20

Approximately what percentage of body heat is generated by muscle tissue:
a) 15%
b) 30%
c) 55%
d) 85%
e) 98%

Back 20

d) 85%

Front 21

A muscle fascicle is a:

a) bundle of myofibrils
b) bundle of connective tissue
c) bundle of muscle fibers
d) muscle cell

Back 21

c) bundle of muscle fibers

Front 22

The smallest contractile unit of skeletal muscle is a:

a) sarcomere
b) motor unit
c) synapse
d) thin filament

Back 22

a) sarcomere

Front 23

The major regulatory proteins in muscle tissue are:

a) myosin and tropomyosin
b) myosin and actin
c) actin and troponin
d) troponin and tropomyosin

Back 23

d) troponin and tropomyosin

Front 24

Which of the following actions is caused by skeletal muscle:
a) constriction of blood vessels

b) heartbeat
c) dilation of pupil
d) eye movements

Back 24

d) eye movements

Front 25

Which of the following does NOT occur in a muscle during contraction:

a) thick and thin filaments bind to each other
b) muscle fibers stretch
c) thick and thin filaments "slide" past each other
d) muscle fibers shorten

Back 25

b) muscle fibers stretch

Front 26

This process aids in skeletal muscle relaxation after contraction:

a) calcium is released from intracellular storage sites
b) motor neurons send electrical signal to muscle
c) acetylcholinesterease degrades acetylcholine
d) troponin binds calcium

Back 26

c) acetylcholinesterease degrades acetylcholine

Front 27

The stiffness of muscle tissue in rigor mortis partially results from:
a) excessive acetycholine activity on muscle

b) excessive calcium release in muscle
c) excessive lactic acid build up
d) excessive contraction of the fibers

Back 27

b) excessive calcium release in muscle

Front 28

A single motor neuron may innervate as few as 3-5 fibers in muscles of the:

a) upper arms
b) legs
c) eye
d) heart

Back 28

c) eye

Front 29

When an action potential reaches the presynaptic terminal of the motor neuron:

a) calcium is released inside of the muscle fiber
b) acetylcholine is released into the synaptic cleft
c) acetylcholinesterease is released into the synaptic cleft
d) physical contact between the motor neuron and the muscle fiber occurs

Back 29

b) acetylcholine is released into the synaptic cleft

Front 30

Lack of acetylcholinesterase in the synaptic cleft would result in:

a) decrease acetylcholine production by the motor neuron
b) relaxation of the muscle fiber
c) excessive, continuous stimulation of the muscle fiber
d) inability of the motor neuron to stimulate the muscle fiber

Back 30

c) excessive, continuous stimulation of the muscle fiber

Front 31

Curare, a toxin, blocks the acetylcholine receptors on muscle tissue. This would result in:

a) increased stimulation of the muscle fiber
b) inability of the muscle to respond to motor nerve stimulus
c) contraction of the muscle fiber
d) excessive contractions and convulsions

Back 31

b) inability of the muscle to respond to motor nerve stimulus

Front 32

Training exercises such as jogging, swimming and aerobics have this effect on skeletal muscle tissue:

a) increase number of mitochondria per muscle fiber
b) increase number of muscle fibers
c) increase number of motor units
d) increase number of skeletal muscles

Back 32

a) increase number of mitochondria per muscle fiber

Front 33

Muscular dystrophy is a congenital disorder characterized by

a) skeletal muscle degeneration
b) excessive convulsions
c) shaking and trembling
d) only cardiac damage

Back 33

a) skeletal muscle degeneration

Front 34

Which of the following muscular disorders characterized by painful musculoskeletal "tender points":

a) fibromyalgia
b) myasthenia gravis
c) Duchenne muscular dystrophy
d) Becker muscular dystrophy

Back 34

a) fibromyalgia

Front 35

Anabolic steroids have all these effects except:
a) builds muscle proteins
b) increases muscle strength
c) increases number of muscles in the body
d) can result in liver cancer and heart disease

Back 35

c) increases number of muscles in the body

Front 36

Which of the following statements regarding aging and the muscular system is true:
a) aging is associated with decreased myoglobin production
b) the effects of aging can be nearly completely reversed
c) satellite cells increase in aging causing fibrosis
d) young persons have more adipose in muscles compared to elderly persons

Back 36

a) aging is associated with decreased myoglobin production