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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Passing Notes
-Non Harmony Note -provides a link between two notes in a melodic line - PN = Passing Note -UNP = Unaccented Passing Note - APN = Accented Passing Note |
Unaccented and Accented - Unaccented Passing Note (UPN) occurs on a weak beat ( off the beat) - Accented Passing Note (APN) occurs on a strong beat ( accented beat )
- Two passing notes may be used simultaneously in different pitches provided they move in parallel 3rds or 6ths
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-Harmony notes that are a major second apart may be linked by a chromatic passing note - Passing notes do not affect the harmony - simple metre ( each beat can be divided into two beats : 2/4, 3/4, 4/4 ) The passing can be a half or a quarter of the beat value
- Compound Metre ( each beat can be divided evenly into three beats : 6/8, 9/8, 1/8) the PN can be a third or a sixth of the beat value. |
Accented Passing notes (APN) - Occur on a strong beat - like the UPN, it is a non - harmonic note and it doesn't affect the harmony - Creates a stronger sounding dissonance that the UPN
- Approached and quitted by step - May ascend or descend and be in any voice - It resolves to a harmony note of the chord |
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Accented Passing Notes : Rhythmic Note Values - In simple metre the APN may be a half or quarter of the beat, but it must be the first half!
- In compound metre the APN should be the first third or two-thirds of a beat or triplet. |
Same rules apply as the UPN : - Two APNs may be used in different parts, provided they move in parallel 3rds and 6ths
- Two parts may have the same APN, in contrary motion , at least one octave apart
- Do not strike the APN with its note of resolution except when the note of resolution is being sounded in the bass |
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APN in the Bass - APNs may occur between the root and the first inversion of the same chord
APNs : Points to Note - A 4 - 3 APN on a root position chord is only effective when the fifth of the chord is included |
- When the 5th, 7th and 8th degrees of the scale occur consecutively in a part , the following formula may be used : -5 - (6 APN) - 7 - 8 - V - V7d - Ib ( V7d cannot resolve to anything but Ib)
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- Whether ascending or descending, passing notes must be approached and quitted by step in the same direction. -They may occur in any voice - Be careful that you don't create consecutive 5ths or8ves when adding passing notes (Omit PN or rearrange parts ) -
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Passing Notes in a Minor key : Special Points (UPN and APN) - In the minor key: - the 6th degree of the scale as a passing note, is always raised a semitone ( in it's raised form from the melodic minor scale ) - The 7th degree of the scale as a passing note is not sharpened + avoids the augmented 2nd - The actual harmony is still taken from the melodic minor scale |
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- Avoid passing notes that produce a minor 9th ( compound minor 2nd ) above the mediant (3rd degree) or leading note (7th degree) of the scale |
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