Mttc Social Studies Study Part 1.

Front 1

_____ is the period of human history before writing was developed.

Back 1

Prehistory

Front 2

There were _____ major periods of prehistory.

Back 2

Three ( 3 )

Front 3

The 3 major periods of prehistory are_____

Back 3

1. Lower Paleolithic

2. Upper Paleolithic

3. Neolithic

Front 4

Lower Paleolithic

Back 4

Humans used crude tools

Front 5

Upper Paleolithic

Back 5

Humans began to develop a wider variety of tools. These tools were better made and more specialized.

They began to wear clothes, organize into groups with definite social structures, and use art.

Most humans lived in caves during this period.

Front 6

Neolithic

Back 6

Social Structures become more complex, including a growth of a sense of family and ideas of religions and government.

Humans learned to domesticate animals and produce crops, build houses, start fires, and learn to knit, spin, and weave.

Front 7

_____ is the study of human culture

Back 7

Anthropology

Front 8

_____ study groups of humans, how they relate to teach other, and the similarities and differences between these different groups and cultures.

Back 8

Anthropologists

Front 9

Anthropological research takes two approaches: ______ and ______.

Back 9

Cross-cultural research and comparative research .

Front 10

Most anthropologists ____ by living among different _____ and participating in those cultures in order to learn about them.

Back 10

Work, Cultures

Front 11

There are _____ major divisions within anthropology.

Back 11

1. Biological and cultural anthropology

2. Archaeology

3. Linguistics

Front 12

_____ studies past human cultures by evaluating what they leave behind.

Back 12

Archeology

Front 13

_____ maintain detailed notes and records of their findings and use special tools to evaluate what they find.

Back 13

Archeologists

Front 14

By studying the elements of numerous archeological sites, scientists have been able to theorize that humans or near-humans have existed for about _____

Back 14

600,000 years

Front 15

More primitive humans are believed to have appeared about ____ years ago.

Back 15

1,000,000

Front 16

The humans developed into _____

Back 16

Cro-Magnon man, and then Homo Sapiens, or modern man.

Front 17

Human development can be divided into _____ phases

Back 17

Four ( 4 )

Front 18

1st stage of human development.

Back 18

Lower Paleolithic, or Old Stone Age- about 1,000,000 years ago-early humans used tools like needles, hatchets, awls, and cutting tools.

Front 19

2nd stage of human development.

Back 19

Upper Paleolithic or New Stone Age, 6,000-8,000 BCE-also known as the Neolithic, textiles and pottery were developed.

Humans discovered the wheel, and began to practice agricultures, make polished tools, and domesticate animals.

Front 20

3rd stage of human development.

Back 20

Bronze Age, 3,000 BCE- metals are discovered and the first civilizations emerge as humans become more technologically advanced.

Front 21

4th stage of human development.

Back 21

Iron Age, 1,200-1,000 BCE- metal tools replace stone tools as humans develop knowledge of smelting.

Front 22

Civilizations are defined as having the following characteristics.

Back 22

1. Use of metal to make weapons and tools

2. Written language

3. A defined territorial state

4. A calendar

Front 23

The earliest civilizations developed in river valleys where reliable, fertile land was easily found, including:

Back 23

1. Nile River valley in Egypt

2. Mesopotamia

3. Indus River

4. Hwang Ho in China

Front 24

The very earliest civilizations developed in the _____ in Mesopotamia, which is now part of _____ , and in Egypt's Nile Valley.

Back 24

Tigris-Euphrates valley, Iraq

They arose between 4,000 and 3,000 BCE.

Front 25

Water was important because it _____

Back 25

1. Was used for drinking and cultivating crops

2. A gathering place for wild animals that could be hunted

3. Easily available water for domesticated animals.

4. Rich soil deposits as a result of regular flooding

Front 26

_______, an archeologist from the University of Chicago, coined the term Fertile Crescent.

Back 26

James Breasted

Front 27

The _____ describes the area in the Near East where the earliest civilizations arose.

Back 27

Fertile Crescent

Front 28

The Fertile Crescent is border on the south by the _____ , the west by the _____ and to the north and east by the _____

Back 28

Arabian Desert

Mediterranean Sea

Taurus and Zagros Mountains

Front 29

The _____ were one of the most advanced ancient cultures, having developed construction methods to build ______, as well as a form of writing known as _____

Back 29

Egyptians

Pyramids

Hieroglyphics

Front 30

_____ made paper by processing _____, a plant commonly found along the Nile.

They also invented the decimal system.

Back 30

Egyptians

Papyrus