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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Heliocentric Theory
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- astronomical model in which the Earth and planets revolve around a stationary sun.
- developed by Copernicus and Kepler |
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Anton van Leeuwenhoek
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- father of microscopy
- 1650s: began making small lenses that gave magnifications up to 300x. |
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TEM
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- Transmission Electron Microscope
- a beam of electrons passes through the specimen, giving greater resolution than light microscopes. - process used to prepare sample kills the specimen. |
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Scientifc Thought
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The process of making educated guesses and performing replicable experiments.
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The Scientific Method
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- The basic process behind science.
- 5 steps |
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Steps of the Scientific Method
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1. Posing a question
2. Forming a hypothesis 3. Conducting the test 4. Observe and record data 5. Drawing a conclusion |
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Variable
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It is what is observed or measured. It is any condition that can be changed.
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Controls
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Measurable quantities that remain the same in an experiment. It is the experiment run under normal conditions.
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Independent Variable
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The variable that is changed and/or manipulated by the researcher
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Dependent Variable
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The variable that is influenced by the independent variable
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Line Graphs
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Used to compare different sets of related data OR to predict data that has not yet been measured
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Bar Graph/Histogram
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Used to compare different items and make comparisons based on this data.
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Pie Chart
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Useful when organizing data as part of a whole.
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X-Axis
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Horizontal axis; where the independent variable is placed.
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Y-Axis
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Vertical axis; where the dependent variable is placed.
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Accuracy
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The degree of conformity of a measured, calculated quantity to its actual (true) value.
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Precision
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Reproducibility/Repeatability; is the degree to which further measurements or calculations will show the same or similar results.
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Causes of Experimental Uncertainty
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Random errors or systematic errors
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Random Errors
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Statistical fluctuations in the measured data due to the precision limitations of the measurement device.
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Systematic Errors
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Reproducible inaccuracies that are consistently in the same direction. Often due to a problem that persists through the experiement.
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