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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Modern English developed from the language of:
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Angles
Saxons Jutes |
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Anglo Saxon
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Old English
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Best known example of Old English is?
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Beowulf
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Modern English vocabulary is dominated by words derived from
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Old English
(Father, woman, sun, moon, water, dog, do, be) |
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Normans spoke:
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Anglo Norman
A german influenced dialect of French |
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Anglo Norman Gradually developed into:
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Middle English
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The best known example of middle english is:
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Chaucer's Canterbury Tales
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Words of Latin origin
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agree appoint, opinion, security, chamber, entertain, mirror, restrain, oppose.
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Words with military legal, or political meanings often have:
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Norman roots.
Cavalry, bailiff, ordinance, county, jury, muster, legion, royal, and campaign. |
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The printing press was developed in:
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The sixteenth century
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Two major changes brought forth by the printing press were:
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ready availability of books spread classical learning.
Widespread literacy led to greater standardization of spelling. |
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Words derived from the latin of the clergy include:
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indicate, emphasis, item, legislator, translate, ultimate, and maximum.
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Works in Early Modern English include
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Shakespeare, John Donne and John Milton.
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American english included:
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Words from other languages:
Ranch, Canyon (spanish) Bayou, prairie(french) boss, cookie (dutch), okra, banjo(west african), possum ,squash (indigenous american) |
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Spoken American English is characterized by:
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Regional differences
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Three types of diction
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Colloquial
Formal Technical |
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Colloquial diction is:
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The language used in everyday conversation and informal writing.
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Formal diction is:
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used in academic, business, and journalistic writing. Formal diction is characterized by more rigorous rules.
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Technical diction:
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employs specialized vocabularies and usages and is used in many sciences, medicine, and law.
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Linguistics
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The structure and use of language.
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Phonetics
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the properties of speech sounds.
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Morphology
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The structure of individual words
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Syntax
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The way words are ordered in statements
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Semantics
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The relationship of words to their meanings.
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Nouns
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persons, places, things, or ideas.
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pronouns
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take the place of nouns, but do not name specific things.
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Verbs
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express actions or states of being.
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adjectives
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modify nouns or pronouns.
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adverbs
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modify verbs adjectives or other adverbs.
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conjunctions
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link sentence elements
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interjections
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express strong feelings on their own without naming things or modifying other words.
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Sentences are composed of:
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Subjects and predicates
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Subject
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names the main thing or person in the sentence.
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Predicate
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names the subject's actions, relationships, or characteristics.
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Sentences are also composed of
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Phrases and clauses
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Phrase
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a word group that lacks either a subject or a predicate
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Clauses contain
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all the grammatical elements of a complete sentence.
Two kinds of clauses are dependent and independent |
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Independent clauses
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can stand alone as sentences.
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Dependent clause
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cannot stand alone as a sentence.
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Types of sentences:
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Declarative
imperative interrogative subjunctive |
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Declarative sentence
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make statements of fact or opinion.
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Imperative sentence
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expresses commands.
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Interrogative sentence
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ask questions.
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Subjunctive sentence
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express wishes, desires, doubts or suppositions.
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Simple sentence
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a single independent clause
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Compound sentence
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made of of two or more independent clauses.
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Complex sentence
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composed of an independent clause modified by one or more dependent clauses
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Compound-complex sentence
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two or more independent clauses modified by one or more dependent clauses.
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The foundation for the literary tradition that has produced much of British and NorthAmerican literature.
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Greek and Roman texts.
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The Greek archaic period produced the works attributed to:
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Homer(epics), Hesiod and Sappho (poetry)
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Authors of the Classical (Hellenic 500-323bc)period
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Sophicles, Aristophanes, Uripedes,Aeschylus, Plato, Aristotle and Heroditus.
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Hellenistic Period
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323-30 bc
Menander, Euclid |
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Early English Literature
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Beowulf 800-1000ad
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Medieval British Literature
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Canterbury Tales 1300's
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Early Modern British
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1500's-1600's
Shakespeare Ben Johnson John Donne Andrew Marvell George Herbert John Milton |
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Neoclassicism
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1700' and 1800's
Alexander Pope John Dryden John Grey |
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Romanticism
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1700's and 1800's
William Blake,(poet) William Wordsworth(poet) Samuel Taylor Coleridge(poet) John Keats (poet) Deniel Defoe (novelist) Henry Fielding (novelist) Jane Austen (novelist) Marry Shelley (novelist) |
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Victorian and modernist periods
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1800's and 1900's
Poets: Tennyson Barrett Browing Hopkins Hardy Eliot Thomas Novelists: George Eliot Joseph Conrad James Joyce DH Lawrence Virginia Wolfe |
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Genre
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Distinctive type of literary text.
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Genres:
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Lyric poem
epic poem Novel Literary sketch Personal essay Tragic Drama Comic drama |
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Poetry:
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writing that uses meter, rhyme, symbolism and figurative language and is intended to inspire the imagination or provoke reflection
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Epic poem
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Lengthy. Celebrate heroic deeds, philosphical ideas, and historical events.
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Lyric poem
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Is short and expresses a poet's personal thoughts.
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Ballads
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narrative poems that were originally sung
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Elegies
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Commemorate the life of someone who has died.
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