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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is it called when you have gushing of blood, heavy and prolonged bleeding, and clots? |
menorrhagia |
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What are some possible causes of menorrhagia? |
fibroids (leiomyomas) endometrial cancer dysfunctional uterine bleeding IUDs |
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what if it's only spotting, light menstrual flow |
hypomenorrhea |
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What is metorrhagia? |
it's when you have vaginal bleeding in the middle of the cycle basically |
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reasons for metorrhagia? |
think anatomical reasons: endometrial polyps endo cancer exogenous estrogen administration |
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so what is menometorrhagia? |
heavy irregular bleeding patterns |
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causes for menometorrhagia? |
basically the same stuff:
endometrial polyps endometrial cancer hyperplasia exogenous estrogen use maligancies |
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What is oligomenorrhea? |
menstrual cycles that last over 35 days |
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why would someone have oligomenorrhea? |
same reasons they would have secondary amenorrhea: pregnancy anorexia or other weight loss tumor secreting estrogen (granulosa cell tumor) menopause |
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What is postcoital bleeding? |
cervical cancer until proven otherwise
other causes: polyps, atrophic vaginitis |
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What is the best initial workup of abnormal uterine bleeding? |
CBC to see if H&H are normal
PT/PTT to rule out coagulation disorders
pelvic ultrasound |
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What is dysfunctional uterine bleeding specifically? |
it's any bleeding that is unexplained. can also occur in anovulatory patients |
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What is anovulatory bleeding? |
it's when the ovary produces estrogen but they don't form a corpus luteum normally, so they don't produce estrogen |
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so what then happens in anovulation? |
the estrogen just causes the endometrium to build up until it goes through estrogen withdrawal bleeding |
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so the endometrium basically outgrows |
its blood supply nd you have a "period"
but it's a much longer interval between periods |
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What are the first dx tests you do for a patient with DUB or secondary amenorrhea? |
hypothyroidism- TSH
hyperprolactinemia- PRL level |
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If the woman is over 35 and they are having DUB... |
they automatically need an endometrial biopsy |
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What is the basic treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding? |
obviously depends on the cuase
the most common thing to do is prescribe OCPs |
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What do you do for acute severe hemorrhage? |
D&C |
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an then what can result? |
Asherman syndrome |
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what is considered severe DUB? |
if it causes anemia
if it's not controlled with OCPs
if their lifestyle is compromised |
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and if this is compromising their liefstyle what should you consider doing? |
hysterectomy
endometrial ablation |
