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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Skeletal muscle conduction pathway
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1) Depolarization --> opens voltage-gated dihydropyridine receptor
2) Mechanical opening of ryanodine receptor --> Ca++ release from SR 3) Ca++ binds to troponin, expose myosin-binding sites on action filaments 4) Myosin binds actin --> power stroke and contraction |
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Skeletal muscle contraction - which bands shorten?
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I band (Z line) & H band (M line); A band stays the same
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Type 1 muscle fibre
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Slow twitch, red fibres; increased mitochondria, myoglobin, increased ox-phos; sustained contraction
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Type 2 muscle fibre
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Fast twitch, pale fibres; decreased mitochondria, myoglobin, anaerobic glycolysis; hypertrophy after weight-lifting
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Skeletal muscle contraction pathway
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1) Ca++ binds troponin, tropomyosin expose binding sites on actin
2) Myosin head binds action --> Pi released 3) Myosin conformation change --> power stroke 4) Myosin exchange ATP for ADP --> release from actin 5) ATP hydrolysis "cocks" myosin head 6) Binds actin and repeat steps |
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When does woven bone appear in adults?
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Fracture healing and Paget's disease of bone
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Osteoclasts features
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Multinucleated cells secreting acid and collagenases
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Osteoblasts features
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Secretes collagen and catalyse mineralization
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PTH low vs. high levels
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LOW: anabolic (build bone)
HIGH: catabolic (bone resorption) |
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Estrogen effect on bone
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Inhibits osteoblast apoptosis and induce osteoclast apoptosis; + bone formation
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