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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the parts of a bone?
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epiphysis
epiphyseal plate metaphyses diaphyses |
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what are the types of mature (lamellar) bone?
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cortical (haversian) and cancellous/spongy trabecular
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what are the types of immature bone?
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non-lammelar
fiber bone woven bone |
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osteocytes and lamellae -->
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haversian (cortical) bone
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what are some components of immature bone?
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fibrovascular stroma
osteoblasts osteoid osteocytes |
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which cells of bone live in small lacunae in the matrix?
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osteocytes
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__ are found on the surface where bone is being formed
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osteoblasts
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osteoblasts form the organic matrix of bone called the __
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osteoid
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what are osteocytes?
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osteoblasts that have become entrapped in the newly formed matrix.
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__ are large multinucleated cells that play an active role in bone resorption
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osteoclasts
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where are osteoclasts usually found?
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in Howship lacunae
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what is the fibrovascular membrane that covers the outer surface of bone?
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periosteum
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how does bone grow? interstially?
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No! Appositional growth only (i.e. application of new bone on the surface of existing bone)
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explain how bone grows circumferentially
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osteoblasts form along the outer surface of the already formed bone (like rings on a tree).
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Explain the need for the Haversian canal system
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the osteocytes that lie deep within the bone become separated from their nutritional supply, thus necessitating the need for blood vessels to supply them.
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How do bones grow longitudinally?
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the epiphyseal plate does this. the deep layers of the cartilage multiply and enlarge pushing the epiphysis (and overlying cartilage) away from the metaphysis and diaphysis.
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the process of exchanging cartilage for bone is called __
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endochondral (or enchondral) ossification
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What is Wolff's law?
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for every change in the form or function of a bone there follows a definite change in its architecture
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what happens to the growth plate in rickets?
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the zone of provisional calcification is deprived of Ca++ salts which disrupts endochondral ossification resulting in grossly large epiphyseal plate (from hypertrophic cartilage)
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what are the major categories of congenital bone problems?
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malposition
over/under development duplication failure of formation failure of separation |
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what is a more common cause of congenital malformation, genetic d/o or malformations?
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genetic disorders
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