Msi Week 2: Childhood Exanthems

Front 1

What infectious disease is characterized by a persistent high fever (3-5 days), cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, Koplick spots, and an extensive rash ending in bran-like flakes?

Back 1

Measles (Rubeola)

Front 2

T or F.

A very small amount of antibody prevents infection that causes measles.

Back 2

TRUE

Front 3

Measles can be life-threatening in patients with _________ deficiencies.

Back 3

T-lymphocyte deficiencies

(Patients who are taking high grade immunosuppressants; HIV; cancer)

Front 4

Which bacteria is responsible for releasing exotoxins that cause Scarlet fever?

Back 4

Streptococcus pyogenes
(Group A >>C or F)

Front 5

What disease is characterized by the presence of painful nodes, palatal petechiae, circumoral pallor, strawberry tongue, and fetid breath?

Back 5

Scarlet fever
(Strep. pyogenes infection)

Front 6

Name 2 immunologic diseases that can occur following a Streptococcus pyogenes Group A infection (such as in Strep throat and Scarlet fever).

Back 6

1. Rhematic fever (0.3 - 3% infections)
2. Glomerulonephritis

Front 7

What protein do antibodies attack to protect against a Streptococcus pyogenes infection (Scarlet fever)?

Back 7

M protein on streptococcus pyogenes
(major virulence factor = anti-phagocytic)

Front 8

What medication is used to treat strep throat?

To improve illness, when must treatment be started?

Back 8

Amoxicillin
(750 mg daily for 10 days)

*Treatment must be started within 48 hrs of onset of symptoms in order to improve illness

(Even if Strep throat is diagnosed after 48 hrs, antibiotics are still given to prevent rheumatic fever and reduce transmission to others)

Front 9

Antibiotic treatment for strep throat can prevent which immunologic disease?

Which immunologic disease can antibiotics NOT prevent?

Back 9

Can prevent --> Rheumatic fever
Cannot prevent --> glomerulonephritis

(Can delay treatment up to 10 days and still prevent rheumatic fever)

Front 10

German measles is a viral disease also known as...?

Which virus is responsible?

Back 10

Rubella

*Rubella virus

Front 11

What viral disease is characterized by posterior auricular adenopathy (swollen lymph nodes), mild itching, and a pale pink rash?

Back 11

Rubella

Front 12

Name 2 rare complications that can be seen with Rubella.

Back 12

1. Pancreatitis
2. Arthritis

Front 13

Which viral infection can cause serious congenital complications such as deafness, cataracts, developmental delay, and retinopathy?

Back 13

Rubella
(German measles)

Front 14

Which viral infection results in pruritic vesicles, pustules, and drying lesions present within the same area?

Back 14

Chicken pox
(varicella zoster virus)

*A mild fever will also be present

Front 15

On what regions of the body is the chicken pox rash more/less prominent?

Back 15

More prominent over the trunk
Less prominent on extremities

Front 16

How can the lesions caused by chicken pox be dangerous?

Back 16

They can be used as a portal of entry for invasive bacterial infections (streptococcus).

Front 17

What is the major impact of the varicella virus?

Back 17

Economic burden!
(7-10 days of childcare in the home)

Front 18

What type of individuals are at risk for a devastating infection of varicella zoster?

Back 18

Individuals with compromised T-lymphocyte function

Front 19

T or F.

Varicella zoster vaccines are suggested every 5 -10 years.

Back 19

FALSE.

Antibody offers lifelong protection! No additional vaccine necessary

Front 20

Which viral disease can result in profound anemia in a fetus, causing high-output heart failure and generalized edema?

Back 20

Fifth disease
(Exanthem infectiosum)

Front 21

What virus is responsible for Fifth Disease (exanthem infectiosum)?

Back 21

Parvovirus B 19

Front 22

Which virus is most infectious around March and generally has a very mild prodome, resulting in a lace-like rash, facial erythema, and occasional arthritis?

Back 22

Parvovirus B 19
(Fifth disease)

*Mild rash can develop

Front 23

A "slapped cheek" rash is indicative of which viral diesease?

Back 23

Fifth disease

Front 24

By the time a rash has developed in Fifth disease patients, is the virus contagious?

Back 24

No.
Virus shedding has ceased at time of rash

Front 25

What effect does the Parvovirus B 19 have on RBC production?

Back 25

It suppresses RBC production

(causes mild--almost unnoticed anemia usually-- but profound anemia in a fetus)
*Seen in Fifth Disease

Front 26

Do antibodies offer lifelong protection against Parvovirus B 19?

Back 26

YES