Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the formula to estimate MAP?
|
(SBP)+ 2(DBP)/3
|
|
|
Where will the systolic BP read higher in the aorta or radial artery?
|
Radial artery- as the pulse moves periperial the pressure wave becomes exaggerated.
|
|
|
What is are the sounds heard produced by turbulent flow during BP ascultation?
|
Korotkoff sounds indicate systole.
|
|
|
Flow is equal to WHAT?
|
Pressure
-------------- Resistance |
|
|
The Allens test is a reliable method to asses collateral circulation? T or F
|
False
|
|
|
How can collateral flow be determined with an art. line?
|
Pulse ox distal to the radial artery.
|
|
|
If the BP cuff is too narrow what happens to the BP?
|
Overestimation of BP
|
|
|
If the BP cuff is too wide what will happen to the BP?
|
Underestimation of BP, this is better than an overestimation by narrow cuff.
|
|
|
The width of a BP cuff should be how wide?
|
20-50% greater than arm diameter
|
|
|
What device is a Wheatstone bridge used?
|
Arterial BP transducer
|
|
|
Where should the BP transducer be placed for a sitting patient? What is it measuring?
|
Level of the ear. Monitors cerebral pressure at Circle of Willis.
|
|
|
Exaggeration variations in waveform during art. BP monitoring is indicative of?
|
Hypovolemia
|
|
|
The area under the arterial pressure curve determines the?
|
MAP
|
|
|
Upstroke of arterial waveform indicates?
|
Contractility
|
|
|
Downstoke of art. waveform indicates?
|
Periperial vascular resistance
|
|
|
Where does the tip of a CVP catheter sit?
|
Lies just above or at the junction of the SVC and right atrium.
|
|
|
What central vein is associated with an increased risk of pneumothorax?
|
subclavian
|
|
|
What is the preferred central vein for cannulation in regards to safety and accessibility?
|
Right Internal Jugular
|
|
|
What is Seldinger's technique?
|
A catheter over a guide wire for venous/art access.
|
|
|
Oxyhemoglobin absorbs light at what wave length more readily?
|
infared light (960nm)
|
|
|
Deoxyhemoglobin absorbs light at what wave length more readily?
|
red light (660nm)
|
|
|
Pulse oximetry is based on what law?
|
Beer-Lambert law
|
|
|
What can alter pulse oximetry?
|
ambient light, movement, methylene blue, low perfusion, hypothermia, hypotension
|
|
|
At what wave length does carboxyhemoglobin absorb?
|
infrared, the same as oxyhemoglobin.
|
|
|
What does carbon monoxide poisioning do to the SpO2?
|
Falsely High
|
|
|
Methemoglobin absorbs both infrared and red light, what is the corresponding SaO2 reading?
|
85%
|
|
|
What is the most sensitive and rapid determinate of air embolism (not doppler)? What case is this most common with?
|
Rapid fall in EtCO2, sitting craniotomy.
|
|
|
ETCO2 can detect bronchial intubation? T or F
|
False, detects esophageal intubation.
|
|
|
A rapid increase in ETCO2 may indicate?
|
Malignant Hyperthermia
|
|
|
Why is there a 5 mmHg gradient between PaCO2 and ETCO2?
|
Reflects aveolar dead space, aveoli that are ventilated but not perfused.
|
|
|
Shivering increases oxygen consumption by what fold?
|
5 fold increase in O2 consumption with shivering
|
|
|
What is responsible for the initial heat loss during general anesthesia?
|
Anesthetic induced vasodilation--redistribution of blood from the core to the periphery.
|
|
|
Phase I heat loss =
|
1-2 degrees celcius drop in the first hour, prevented by prewarning by eliminating the central peripherial temp. gradient.
|
|
|
Phase II heat loss=
|
slow decline in temp. over 3-4 hours until phase III (steady state) is reached. Eliminated with bair hugger/fluid warmer.
|
|
|
What brain structure is responsible for thermoregulation?
|
Hypothalamus
|
|
|
Rapid decompression or empyting of the bladder can result in what?
|
Hypotension
|
|
|
What is inadequate urine output (oliguria) arbitrarily defined as?
|
Urinary output less than 0.5 mL/kg/hr.
|
|
|
Stimulation of the ulnar nerve evokes what muscle?
|
Adductor pollicis
|
|
|
Stimulation of the facial nerve evokes what muscle?
|
Orbiularis occuli
|
|
|
What is the last muscle to recover from NMB agents?
|
Adductor pollicis-diaphram, rectus abdominis, laryngeal adductors, and orbicularis occuli recover sooner,
|
|
|
Sustanined tetany for 5 s indicates complete reversal from paralysis? T or F
|
False--adequate, but not complete reversal.
|
|
|
3/4 twitches equal what % of muscular blockade?
|
75%
|
|
|
2/4 twitches equal what % of blockade?
|
80%
|
|
|
1/4 twitches equal what % of blockade?
|
90%
|
