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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the three types of primary cells found in bone and what are their roles?
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Osteocytes - mature bone cells - formation of bone, maintenance of matrix. Osteoblasts - bone forming/building. Osteoclasts - bone resorption |
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Bone is covered by a layer of connective tissue called the?
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Periosteum
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The skeleton can be broken down into three main sections. Name and describe these?
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Axial - skull, vertebral column, sternum, ribs, hyoid Appendicular - clavicle, scapulae, upper and lower limbs, coxal bones. Thorax - sternum, thoracic, vertebrae, ribs |
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Name the parts of a long bone |
Epiphysis (head), epiphyseal line, diaphysis (shaft), medullary cavity
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What is the tissue inside the medullary cavity |
Marrow - red is developing and yellow (fat) in adults
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5 functions of muscles are? |
Movement, posture, thermogenesis, venous return and protection
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5 functions of bone are?
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support, fat storage, movement, storage for minerals, red blood cell production. |
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Ossification means?
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is bone development intramembranous ossification - formed from mesenchymal tissue endochondrial ossification - bone develops by replacing a cartilage model. |
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Give an example for each type of bone?
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Short bone - carpal and tarsal Flat bone - ribs, sternum, skull Irregular bone - facial and hip bones Sesamoid bone - patella and pisiform |
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Put these muscle structures in order from largest to smallest - myofiber, muscle belly, sarcomere, fascicle, myofibril, myofilament
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Muscle belly, fascicle, myofiber, myofibril, sarcomere, myofilament |
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What molecule is responsible for movement?
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ATP |
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Why does rigormortis occur?
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ATP allows the myosin to disengage from the actin. Lack of ATP prevents it from detaching. |
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Calcium released into the sarcoplasm as a result of a motor neuron impulse binds to what, and results in what? |
Calcium binds to then actin so that myosin can then interact with it |
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What does ATP bind with and what is the result?
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ATP binds to the myosin, so that it can detach from the actin and it can return to its original position. |
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Why do we eat food
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food supplies the energy to resynthesise ATP |
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What is an antagonistic pair?
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A. Sarcomere and sarcolemma B. Foramen and fossa C. Ligament and tendon |
Sarcomere– smallest functional unit of a muscle. Sarcolemma – membrane that surrounds a muscle fiber (cell membrane for a muscle cell). Foramen – a hole in a bone to allow nerves, blood vessels etc to pass through. Fossa – a (large) shallow depression in a bone. Ligament – connects bone to bone. Tendon – connects bone to muscle. |
