Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the leading preventable cause of birth defects and devleopmental disabilities?
|
Fetal exposure to alcohol
|
|
|
What are 3 important complications of prematurity related hypoxia and acidosis?
|
Intraventricular hemorrhage
Necrotizing enterocolitis Persistant patent ductus arteriosus |
|
|
What are the 2 most common bacterial causes for PID?
|
N. gonorrhea
Chlamydia trachomatis |
|
|
What is the test of choice to diagnose someone who you suspect has recently acquired HIV?
|
HIV viral load
|
|
|
A mutation in what surface receptor would cause immunity to HIV?
|
Homozygous CCR5 mutation
|
|
|
What HIV protein is important for the attachment of it to host T helper cell?
What HIV protein is important in the fusion and entry of it to host T helper cell? |
gp120
gp41 |
|
|
What laboratory test for HIV, detects the virus RNA in a patients sample?
|
PCR
|
|
|
At what CD4 level is AIDS diagnosed?
|
<200
|
|
|
What is the best test to order to predict the progression to symptomatic disease in an HIV + asymptomatic patient?
|
HIV viral load
|
|
|
What is the most common bacterial STD in the US?
|
Chylamidia serotype D-K
Most often is asymptomatic, if not then it will present with urethritis |
|
|
What are 6 characteristic findings of congenital syphilis?
|
Saber shins
Saddle nose CN VIII deafness Hutchinson's teeth Mulberry molars Rash with blisters |
|
|
What is the classic triad of congenital Rubella?
|
PDA
Cataracts Deafness |
|
|
Cervical friability = ?
|
Chlamydia
|
|
|
Men who have sex with men = increased risk of?
|
Syphilis
|
|
|
What is the most common STD in the US?
|
HPV
|
|
|
What is the cause of pubic and axillary hair growth (adrenarche)?
What is the cause of full adult pubic and axillary hair growth (puberty)? |
Adrenal Androgens (Tanner <3)
Gonadal Androgens (Tanner >4) |
|
|
What two hormones stimulate hair growth, increase hair pigmentation, and increase sebum production?
|
Testosterone
Dihydrotesterone |
|
|
What hormone controls adrenal androgen secretion?
What hormone controls ovarian androgen secretion? |
ACTH
LH |
|
|
What is the only androgernic hormone that comes 100% from the adrenal gland?
|
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS)
|
|
|
What is the cause for hursitism that begins in adolescence, but the pt has normal menses and normal androgen concentrations?
|
Increased cutaneous activity of 5 alpha reductase
|
|
|
What is the most elevated steroid in PCOS?
Where does it come from? |
Androstenedione
Theca cells |
|
|
True or False
Plasma estrone levels are markedly elevated in PCOS |
True
|
|
|
What dz is known for having a plasma LH/FSH ratio >2.5-3?
|
PCOS
|
|
|
In a patient with PCOS, what is the cause of:
Hirsutism? Acanthosis nigricans? |
Androgen excess = hirsutism
Insulin excess = acanthosis nigricans |
|
|
What is the most sensitive laboratory test for androgen excess in PCOS?
|
Increased plasma free testosterone
|
|
|
What disease is diagnosed by having the basal morning 17 alpha hydroxyprogesterone level >8?
|
Late onset 21 alpha hydroxylase deficiency
Cosyntropin causes a marked increase also |
|
|
What is the tx for 21 alpha hydroxylase deficiency?
|
ACTH
Also fludrocortisone if necessary to prevent hypotension & hyperkalemia |
|
|
If a 17 y.o. patient has recurrent Neisseria infections what is the most likely defective protein?
|
C5-9 = defective MAC formation
|
|
|
If a patient has multiple neurofibromas, café au lait spots, Lisch nodules, what is the type of inheritance pattern?
What is the dz called? What is defective? |
Autosomal Dominant
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (Von Recklinghaus) Neurofibromin - which is a tumor suppressor gene |
|
|
What are two common X-linked disorders?
|
Duchenne’s Muscular Dystrophy
Hemophilia A & B |
|
|
What is the translocation site for:
Burkitt’s lymphoma? Chronic myleongenous leukemia? |
8:14
9:22 |
|
|
N-myc =?
|
An oncogene for neuroblastoma
|
|
|
What is the genetic mechanism responsible for hereditary colon cancer?
|
Mismatch repair
|
