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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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primary pacemaker of the heart, located in the right atrium |
sinoatrial nose (SA) |
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a slight delay occurs, which synchronizes atrial and ventricular activity and permits adequate time for the ventricles to fill. ( if SA node fails, AV node can take over) |
Atrioventricular (AV) Node |
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amt of blood pumped by each ventricle in liters per minute; normal cardiac output is 4 to 6 liters per minute in the resting adult heart |
cardiac output |
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amt of blood ejected from the ventricle per heartbeat |
stroke (SV) volume |
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percentage of the end-diastolic blood volume ejected from the ventricle with each heartbeat;normal is between 55% and 70% |
ejection fraction |
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degree of stretch of the cardiac muscle fibers at the end of diastole |
preload |
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the amt of resistance to ejection of blood from the ventricle |
afterload |
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resistance created by the vasculature of the lungs to the ejection of blood from the right ventricle |
pulmonary vascular resistance |
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resistance caused by the peripheral circulation to the blood from the left ventricle |
systemic vascular resistance
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ability of the cardiac muscle to shorten in response to an electrical impulse |
contractility |
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muscle layer of the heart responisible for the pumping action of the heart |
myocardium |
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disease process involving the accumulation of lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue on the intimal layer of arteries |
atherosclerosis |
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a muscular, cramp-like pain in the extremities consistently reproduced with the same degree of exercise or activity and relieved by rest |
intermittent claudication |
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physical examination in medical diagnosis by pressure of the hand or fingers to the surface of the body especially to determine the condition (as of size or consistency) of an underlying part or organ
touching or feelings |
palpations |
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insufficient tissue oxygenation |
ischemia |
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forcible exhalation against a closed glottis followed by a rise in intrathoracic pressure and subsequent possible dramatic rise in arterial pressure; may occur during straining at stool |
valsalva maneuver |
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the variation in blood pressure occurring in an artery during the cardiac cycle
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pulse pressure |
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sounds created by abnormal, tubulent flow of blood in the heart |
murmurs |
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antrioventricular valve located between the right atrium and right ventricle |
tricuspid valve |
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semilunar valve located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery |
pulmonic valve |
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atrioventricular valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle |
mitral valve |
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an auscultatory sound caused by the rubbing together of two serous surfaces
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friction rub |
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congenital or acquired localized weakness or dialation of an artery formed at a weak point in the vessel wall |
aneurysm |
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sound produced by turbulent blood flow through an irregular, tortuous, stenotic, or dilated vessels |
bruit |
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a woven mesh that provides structural support to a coronary vessel, preventing its closure |
stent |
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shortness of breath that occurs with exertion |
dyspnea on exertion (DOE) |
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shortness of breath when lying flat |
orthopnea |
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total urine output less than 400 mL in 24 hours |
oliguria |
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narrowing or tightening of an opening or passage in the body |
stenosis |
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backward flow of blood through a heart valve |
regurgitation |
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an organ that slips or falls out of place |
prolapse |
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disease of the heart muscle |
cardiomyopathy |
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Apex beat. The apex beat (lat. ictus cordis), also called the apical impulse
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Point of maximal impulse |
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A temporary lowering of blood pressure, usually related to suddenly standing up.
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orthostatic hypotension |
