Mrs. Butler's Flashcards

Front 1

business letter

Back 1

A formal message written to a company or someone who works
for a company regardng a business matter.

Front 2

colon

Back 2

A punctuation mark (:) used after a word introducing a series or an
example or an explanation. A punctuation mark (:) after the salutation of a business
letter.

Front 3

comma

Back 3

A punctuation mark used to separate parts of a sentence or words in a
list.

Front 4

dependent clause
.

Back 4

1. A clause that needs the rest of a sentence.
2. A clause that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence

Front 5

independent clause

Back 5

A clause that expresses a complete thought and can stand
alone as a sentence.

Front 6

personal letter

Back 6

A letter to a friend or relative.

Front 7

punctuation

Back 7

Periods, commas, question marks, exclamation points, quotation
marks, colons, and semicolons are all punctuation marks.

Front 8

semicolon

Back 8

1. A punctuation mark (;) used to connect independent clauses; indicates a closer
relation than does a period.
2. Used in between two independent clauses, where a conjunction has been left out.

Front 9

complex sentence

Back 9

A sentence that contains one independent clause and one or
more dependent clauses. The connecting word in a complex sentence is called a
subordinating conjunction.

Front 10

compound sentence

Back 10

A sentence made up of two independent clauses. The
connecting word in a compound sentence is called a coordinating conjunction.

Front 11

coordinating conjunction

Back 11

1. A conjunction that joins words, phrases, or two independent clauses together.
Examples: and, but, or, so, nor, for, yet.
2. When a coordinating conjunction joins two independent clauses, there is a comma
before the conjunction. Example: Juan writes poetry, and Pam paints portraits.

Front 12

predicate

Back 12

The verb or action part of the sentence.

Front 13

subject

Back 13

The part of a sentence that tells who or what the sentence is about.

Front 14

subordinating conjunction

Back 14

1. A conjunction that joins an independent clause to a dependent clause. It shows how
the two parts of the sentence are related. Examples: after, because, when, before, until,
if.
2. Sentences that begin with a subordinating conjunction have a comma after the
dependent clause. Example: If a good storyteller tells a tall tale, then everyone enjoys
it.

Front 15

address bar

Back 15

The space at the top of the screen where you type the web address.

Front 16

alliteration

Back 16

Use of the same consonant at the beginning of each stressed
syllable in a line of verse.

Front 17

character

Back 17

1. A set of values that guides behavior.
2. Who or what a story is about.

Front 18

character traits

Back 18

Things found in the story that help the reader to see how a
character looks, acts, or feels.

Front 19

compare

Back 19

To notice similarities between objects, beings, and events.

Front 20

connotation

Back 20

The feeling connected with a word, in addition to its dictionary
meaning.

Front 21

context clues

Back 21

The words in a sentences that help you find the meaning of an
unknown word.

Front 22

contrast

Back 22

To show differences.

Front 23

definition

Back 23

The meaning of a word.

Front 24

desktop

Back 24

1. The top of a desk.
2. The metaphor used to portray file systems on a computer. A desktop consists of
pictures, called icons, which show files available on the computer.
3. Computer designed to sit on your desk.

Front 25

example

Back 25

Something to be imitated, a model.

Front 26

figurative language

Back 26

1. Writing that you are not suppose to believe exactly as it is written; should not be
taken literally.
2. Example: He was so confused it was like his world was turned upside down.

Front 27

home page

Back 27

The introductory page for a Web site.

Front 28

inference

Back 28

An educated guess about something that is not directly stated in a
passage, but is strongly hinted.

Front 29

knowledge

Back 29

Everything that one knows or understands about something.

Front 30

literary device

Back 30

The use of a writing technique to create a special effect or feeling.

Front 31

main idea

Back 31

The most important idea of a paragraph, passage, or whole piece of
writing.

Front 32

manual

Back 32

A small handbook, it usually has instructions; a guide book.

Front 33

merits

Back 33

Someone's good points or qualities.

Front 34

metaphor

Back 34

A comparison of two things without "like" or "as."

Front 35

online resource

Back 35

When you want the latest news, you should use this resource.

Front 36

fictional form

Back 36

The form a story is written in such as short story, play, novel,
myth, novella, etc.

Front 37

personification

Back 37

A literary device in which human qualities are given to an a
nonliving thing.

Front 38

point of view

Back 38

1. How a person sees or understands something.
2. The vantage point from which a story is told.

Front 39

related

Back 39

To show or have a relationship to or between; connect.

Front 40

search engine

Back 40

A Web site that helps you search for information on the Internet
through the use of key words.

Front 41

simile

Back 41

A comparison using "like" or "as."

Front 42

summarize

Back 42

Give the main points or ideas in a passage.

Front 43

table of contents

Back 43

Located at the front of a book or magazine; it shows how the
book or magazine is organized and gives page numbers of chapters and or articles.

Front 44

textbook

Back 44

A _______ is used in school. It usually covers one subject.

Front 45

conflict

Back 45

The main problem that a character in a book faces.

Front 46

"resolution of the conflict"

Back 46

The solution to the problem.

Front 47

genre

Back 47

The type of story it is; science fiction, historical fiction,
realistic fiction, fantasy.

Front 48

influence

Back 48

The effect of one thing on another.

Front 49

plot

Back 49

The main part of any story, which includes the problem, major events, and
solution.

Front 50

resolution

Back 50

Finding a solution to a problem.

Front 51

setting

Back 51

Where a story takes place; date, time, location.

Front 52

"Are the characters credible?"

Back 52

This is asking if the characters are believable.

Front 53

"Is the plot contrived?"

Back 53

This is asking if the plot is realistic.

Front 54

fictional form

Back 54

The format of the writing. For example, novel, short story, play,
etc.

Front 55

“How do character traits affect the plot?”

Back 55

This is asking how the character's
personality traits such as greed or courage either cause the problem in the plot or help
to solve the problem.

Front 56

“How does the setting influence the plot?”

Back 56

This is asking how the place and/or
time of the story cause the problem in the story or helps to solve the problem.

Front 57

theme

Back 57

The message an author wants to convey, or what the author
hopes to teach the reader through their work.

Front 58

compare and contrast

Back 58

The writer compares ideas to convince the reader that one
is better than another.

Front 59

compound sentence

Back 59

A sentence made up of two independent clauses. The
connecting word in a compound sentence is called a coordinating conjunction.

Front 60

essay

Back 60

A piece of writing that gives your thoughts about a subject. It is
usually not as detailed as a report.

Front 61

however

Back 61

Can be used instead of the phrase "on the other hand..." or the word "but."

Front 62

letter to the editor

Back 62

A letter to the newspaper stating your opinion.

Front 63

editorial

Back 63

An opinion in a newspaper.

Front 64

Opinion Page

Back 64

Where you would find articles in a newspaper expressing how the author feels.

Front 65

order of importance

Back 65

The writer may begin with the most important idea and
move to the least important idea.

Front 66

personal letter

Back 66

A letter to a friend about your personal life.

Front 67

report

Back 67

A long, detailed essay or piece of writing about something you
have learned about.

Front 68

review

Back 68

An article recommending or critiquing
something such as a movie or car.

Front 69

spatial order

Back 69

This form of paragraph organization shows how things are arranged
in a space or scene.

Front 70

therefore

Back 70

As a consequence; as a result of that.

Front 71

writing purpose

Back 71

The intention of or reason for a specific form of writing (e.g.,
personal letter, letter to the editor, review, poem, report, narrative).

Front 72

imagery

Back 72

Words that create a picture for you. It helps you see,
hear, feel, smell, or taste what someone is writing about.

Front 73

symbolism

Back 73

The use of an object to represent something else. For example, a
flag may represent patriotism.

Front 74

mood

Back 74

The feeling that the author creates for the reader.

Front 75

poem

Back 75

A number of lines of words that paint a picture. Sometimes they rhyme.

Front 76

rhyme

Back 76

Having the same or similar sounds.

Front 77

rhythm

Back 77

The beat of music that you clap your hands to.

Front 78

stanza

Back 78

A grouping of lines in a poem.

Front 79

symbolism

Back 79

The use of an object to represent something else. For example, a
flag may represent patriotism.

Front 80

tone

Back 80

The writer's attitude toward his or her audience and subject.

Front 81

Example of alliteration

Back 81

Example: The wild and woolly walrus wondered what we were
when we walked by.

Front 82

Example of hyperbole

Back 82

Example: I'm so tired! I walked a million miles today!

Front 83

Example of idiom

Back 83

Example: I am under the weather today.

Front 84

Example of metaphor

Back 84

Example: The raindrops were tears falling from the sky.

Front 85

Example of onomatopoeia

Back 85

Example: Hiss, snap, buzz!

Front 86

Example of personification

Back 86

Example: The sun peeked from behind the clouds.

Front 87

Example of
rhyme

Back 87

Example: The Cat in the Hat
.

Front 88

Example of simile

Back 88

Example: She is as delicate as a baby bird.

Front 89

repetition

Back 89

The repeated use of the same word or word pattern.

Front 90

present tense

Back 90

Shows actions that happen in the present:
I play soccer.

Front 91

past tense

Back 91

Shows actions that have already happened:
I played soccer.

Front 92

future tense

Back 92

Shows actions that will happen:
I will play soccer.

Front 93

past perfect

Back 93

Shows a past action that ended before
another past action:
I had played soccer for two years before I joined a club team last year.

Front 94

present perfect

Back 94

Shows actions that begin in the past and continue in the present:
I have played soccer all day.

Front 95

future perfect

Back 95

Shows a future action that will have ended before another action
begins:
You will have learned all about verb tenses before you go out to
play soccer.

Front 96

plural subject

Back 96

More than one subject.
Examples: The pilots fly the plane.
The boy and his friend walk down the street.

Front 97

plural verb

Back 97

A plural verb is used when a plural subject is used in a sentence (no
S). The pilots fly the plane.

Front 98

singular subject

Back 98

Only one subject.
Examples: The pilot flies the plane.
The boy walks down the street.

Front 99

singular verb

Back 99

A single verb is used when a single subject is used in a sentence
(often ends in S). Example: The pilot flies the plane.

Front 100

accuracy

Back 100

Being correct or as close to correct or right as possible.

Front 101

delete

Back 101

To take our or cross out something printed or written.

Front 102

evidence

Back 102

Proof; the reason you believe something.

Front 103

logic

Back 103

An argument backed up by evidence.

Front 104

outline

Back 104

An organized list of main ideas and important details.

Front 105

parallel structure

Back 105

is the term writers use to describe similar ideas expressed in
similar ways. ... The sentence "I like running, fishing, and to ski" lacks parallel
structure. It should say, “I like running, fishing, and skiing.”